Patent-settlement expenditure treated as commercially expedient revenue outlay, with foreign-law restrictions inapplicable before the prospective amen...
International transaction benchmarking restricts transfer pricing adjustments to associated-enterprise dealings, while functional comparability govern...
Joint development agreements defer taxable transfer where possession lacks part performance, while completed flats determine consideration and exempti...
Unjust enrichment does not bar a customs-duty refund where evidence establishes that the duty incidence was not passed to buyers. A Chartered Accountant certificate, Bills of Entry and sales invoices showing bunker oil was sold below its import value supported non-recovery of even the import cost. Once that material was produced, Revenue needed tangible evidence that buyers bore the duty; recording duty as expenditure in the profit and loss account was insufficient. The High Court upheld the finding that the importer had not passed on the duty incidence, so the refund was properly allowed and no substantial question of law arose.
Unjust enrichment does not bar a customs-duty refund where evidence establishes that the duty incidence was not passed to buyers. A Chartered Accountant certificate, Bills of Entry and sales invoices showing bunker oil was sold below its import value supported non-recovery of even the import cost. Once that material was produced, Revenue needed tangible evidence that buyers bore the duty; recording duty as expenditure in the profit and loss account was insufficient. The High Court upheld the finding that the importer had not passed on the duty incidence, so the refund was properly allowed and no substantial question of law arose.
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