Co-operative deduction eligibility excludes refund and commercial-bank interest, while qualifying co-operative investments require entity-wise verific...
Enhanced tax rate on surrendered unexplained income applies prospectively, while cash-deposit telescoping requires verification of available surrender...
Customs Broker licence proceedings require accurate procedural facts before delay or natural-justice findings can justify setting aside regulatory act...
Provisional assessment finalisation must precede export duty recovery, while redemption fine fails for goods already exported and unavailable for conf...
Article 289(1) immunises the property and income of a State from Union taxation, overriding an inconsistent charge under the Income-tax Act. A State-controlled conservation society, governed and staffed by State functionaries, financially and functionally dependent on the State, and discharging environmental conservation obligations linked to Article 48A, falls within State instrumentality principles. Statutory, ring-fenced conservation funds and incidental interest constitute public funds held in trust rather than ordinary commercial receipts. Such income cannot be charged to tax, and tax-recovery action lacks jurisdiction. Bank-account attachment for recovery under the Income-tax Act was therefore unsustainable and quashed.
Article 289(1) immunises the property and income of a State from Union taxation, overriding an inconsistent charge under the Income-tax Act. A State-controlled conservation society, governed and staffed by State functionaries, financially and functionally dependent on the State, and discharging environmental conservation obligations linked to Article 48A, falls within State instrumentality principles. Statutory, ring-fenced conservation funds and incidental interest constitute public funds held in trust rather than ordinary commercial receipts. Such income cannot be charged to tax, and tax-recovery action lacks jurisdiction. Bank-account attachment for recovery under the Income-tax Act was therefore unsustainable and quashed.
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TaxTMI 
TaxTMI 
of 4897 
