Patent-settlement expenditure treated as commercially expedient revenue outlay, with foreign-law restrictions inapplicable before the prospective amen...
International transaction benchmarking restricts transfer pricing adjustments to associated-enterprise dealings, while functional comparability govern...
Classification of automotive electronic control units depends on their distinct functions rather than the generic label "ECU". Body Control Modules and Integrated Body Units fall under the tariff entry for electronic automatic regulators, following an earlier Tribunal order in the same party's matter; absent any superior forum order altering that position, judicial discipline requires consistent treatment. Tyre Pressure Monitoring Systems were also accepted under that entry because the proposed motor-vehicle-parts classification lacked evidence establishing the functional characteristics required for reclassification. Revenue bears the burden of proving classification under a tariff heading different from that claimed, and the related demand and interest were set aside.
Classification of automotive electronic control units depends on their distinct functions rather than the generic label "ECU". Body Control Modules and Integrated Body Units fall under the tariff entry for electronic automatic regulators, following an earlier Tribunal order in the same party's matter; absent any superior forum order altering that position, judicial discipline requires consistent treatment. Tyre Pressure Monitoring Systems were also accepted under that entry because the proposed motor-vehicle-parts classification lacked evidence establishing the functional characteristics required for reclassification. Revenue bears the burden of proving classification under a tariff heading different from that claimed, and the related demand and interest were set aside.
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