Embezzlement losses in charitable institutions remain allowable when misappropriation is established, irrecoverable, and not a specified-person benefi...
National long-distance undertaking status supports deduction where separately licensed infrastructure, resources, revenue, and expenditure establish c...
Agency reimbursement income follows contractual deposit-liability computation, while pending deposit collections do not constitute deemed-dividend loa...
Membership-consent thresholds for oppression petitions are satisfied by unchallenged voter-list consents, while unsupported forgery claims require pro...
Rectification without enhancement was upheld where the appellate authority only restored omitted lines to its existing reasoning and made no fresh addition or increase in liability; in that situation, fresh notice to the assessee was not required, and a pending appeal did not bar rectification before final hearing. On merits, commission paid to a Sweden-based agent for procuring export orders and following up payments was held to be commission, not fees for technical or consultancy services, because the emails showed order specifications and buyer requirements rather than technical advice. As the services were rendered outside India, the payment was not taxable in India, no tax deduction obligation arose, and the disallowance for non-deduction of tax failed.
Rectification without enhancement was upheld where the appellate authority only restored omitted lines to its existing reasoning and made no fresh addition or increase in liability; in that situation, fresh notice to the assessee was not required, and a pending appeal did not bar rectification before final hearing. On merits, commission paid to a Sweden-based agent for procuring export orders and following up payments was held to be commission, not fees for technical or consultancy services, because the emails showed order specifications and buyer requirements rather than technical advice. As the services were rendered outside India, the payment was not taxable in India, no tax deduction obligation arose, and the disallowance for non-deduction of tax failed.
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