Pre-amendment reassessment limitation bars late notices under the preserved regime, invalidating consequential reassessment for affected earlier asses...
Cash-sales explanations for bank deposits require documentary reconciliation; reassessment notice survived where effective response time was available...
Functional comparability in transfer pricing prevents ad hoc arm's length adjustments where functions, assets, risks and reliable comparables are unes...
Contingency expenses, exempt-income disallowance, and royalty benchmarking: unsupported adjustments were deleted under consistent accounting and trans...
Section 138 applies only to the drawer of the dishonoured cheque, meaning the person who drew and signed it on the relevant account. A joint account holder cannot be prosecuted unless also a signatory, and vicarious liability under Section 141 is confined to companies and similar entities, not private individuals. On that basis, where the cheques were signed only by the co-accused and no specific role was attributed to the applicant beyond joint and several liability, no prima facie case was made out. The complaint and summoning order were quashed only against the applicant; proceedings against the signatory continued.
Section 138 applies only to the drawer of the dishonoured cheque, meaning the person who drew and signed it on the relevant account. A joint account holder cannot be prosecuted unless also a signatory, and vicarious liability under Section 141 is confined to companies and similar entities, not private individuals. On that basis, where the cheques were signed only by the co-accused and no specific role was attributed to the applicant beyond joint and several liability, no prima facie case was made out. The complaint and summoning order were quashed only against the applicant; proceedings against the signatory continued.
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