2012 (5) TMI 692 - SC - Indian Laws

Supreme Court: Lower authority can initiate disciplinary proceedings, preserving right to appeal

The Supreme Court clarified that disciplinary proceedings can be initiated by an authority lower than the appointing authority, ensuring the delinquent's ... Whether chargesheet cannot generally be a subject matter of challenge as it does not adversely affect the rights of the delinquent unless it is established that the same has been issued by an authority not competent to initiate the disciplinary proceedings? Issues:1. Whether an authority lower or higher than the appointing authority can initiate proceedings against a delinquent on grounds of alleged misconduct.Analysis:The case involved a respondent working as an Assistant Foreman in an Ordnance Factory who was issued a charge memo for alleged bribery. The respondent challenged the charge memo, claiming it was issued by an authority subordinate to his appointing authority. The Central Administrative Tribunal allowed the application, stating that the officer who issued the charge memo was not competent to initiate disciplinary proceedings. The Tribunal's decision was upheld by the High Court, leading to the current appeal.The Supreme Court clarified that while removal or dismissal must be by an authority not below the appointing authority, disciplinary proceedings can be initiated by an authority lower than the appointing authority. It was emphasized that if the authority initiating proceedings is higher than the appointing authority but not the appellate authority, the delinquent should not lose the right of appeal. The Court referred to various precedents to support this stance, highlighting that the authority initiating proceedings need not be the one competent to impose punishment.In analyzing the specific facts of the case, the Court noted that no authorization or rule permitting delegation of power for conducting the inquiry was presented. The Court expressed dissatisfaction with the prolonged litigation of 20 years without a clear purpose. Despite serious allegations of bribery against the delinquent, the charge sheet was quashed by the Tribunal, and the Court observed that evidence from 21 years ago may no longer be available. As a result, the Court decided not to proceed with the appeal on merit, leaving the question of law open and disposing of the appeal without costs.Overall, the judgment reaffirmed the principles that disciplinary proceedings can be initiated by an authority lower than the appointing authority, provided the delinquent's right to appeal is safeguarded. It also highlighted the importance of timely and effective handling of disciplinary matters to ensure fairness and efficiency in the administration of justice.