Employee disciplinary appeals: timely written challenges permit review of findings, suspension and penalties, with safeguards before enhanced major penalties.

Employee appeal rights permit challenge to penalties and suspension before the designated Appellate Authority. Appeals must be submitted within 45 days of receipt of the challenged order, in Hindi or English, using respectful language, stating all material facts and arguments, and specifying the relief sought. Appellate review extends to the justification for findings and the adequacy or excessiveness of the penalty. Enhancement to a major penalty requires a disciplinary inquiry or, where an inquiry has already occurred, a show-cause notice and opportunity to make a representation.

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