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    Penalty authority expanded: Commissioner (Appeals) may now impose penalties for undisclosed income; per day penalty increased.
    Amendments enable the Commissioner (Appeals) to levy penalties alongside the Assessing Officer for provisions targeting undisclosed income, unexplained credits or expenditures, and falsification or omission in books of account; and increase the per day penalty for failures to answer questions, sign statements, furnish information, returns or allow inspections to strengthen deterrence. These measures are to take effect from 1 April 2022.
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    Assessment and reassessment procedures clarified, aligning search linked notices, limitation exclusions and officer level safeguards.
    Proposed amendments streamline assessment and reassessment procedure by removing duplicate approval requirements for notices under section 148 where an order under section 148A(d) exists, correcting drafting errors in section 148 explanations, extending search/requisition consequences into assessments under sections 143(3), 144 and 147, prescribing officer level approval norms for post search orders, excluding a capped period from limitation where material is seized or requisitioned, and clarifying the meaning of information and threshold conditions for issuing section 148 notices.
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    Undisclosed income set-off prohibited: losses and unabsorbed depreciation cannot be adjusted against income found by search or survey.
    Section 79A prohibits set-off of any loss, whether brought forward or otherwise, and unabsorbed depreciation under sub section (2) of section 32 against undisclosed income discovered as a result of a search under section 132, requisition under section 132A, or survey under section 133A (excluding surveys under sub section (2A) of section 133A). "Undisclosed income" is defined to include money, valuables, books entries or transactions not recorded or not disclosed before the detection, and expense entries found to be false and revealed only because of the detection action.
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    Faceless assessment process: centralised NaFAC-driven electronic workflow directing assessment, verification, technical review and dispute procedures.
    The amendment centralises faceless assessment through a National Faceless Assessment Centre which assigns cases to Assessment Units and routes all notices, responses, verification requests and technical referrals electronically to Verification, Technical and Review Units; communications are authenticated by digital signature, electronic verification code or portal login and all internal exchanges occur via NaFAC with automated allocation and real time alerting.
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    Faceless procedures expanded for transfer pricing, dispute resolution and tribunal appeals, after allowing stabilization and consultation.
    Introduction of faceless procedures under specified direct tax sections (92CA, 144C, 253, 255) is deferred to allow IT system stabilization and Ministry of Law & Justice consultation; appellate procedures must align with tribunal procedure and non-assessment functions will follow phased faceless assessment workflows.
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    Prosecution for failure to pay tax collected at source extended to mirror prosecution provisions for tax deducted at source.
    The proposal brings offences for failure to pay tax collected at source into the same prosecution provisions that apply to failures to pay tax deducted at source by expressly including the statutory provision for non-payment of tax collected at source within those prosecution sections, on the basis of the similar nature of the offences; the amendment is to take effect from the stated commencement date.
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    Sunset clause on historic prosecutions: prohibits initiation of fresh prosecutions under section 276AB from April 2022.
    Amendments propose a sunset clause in section 276AB to bar initiation of fresh prosecutions after 1 April 2022 for offences connected with transfers of immovable property made in the period when Chapter XX-C had been rendered inapplicable, while permitting continuation of prosecutions already initiated; additionally, section 276B is to be amended to substitute its cross-reference with an explicit reference to the proviso to the withholding provision to remove ambiguity created by prior amendments.
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    Source of funds requirement for credited sums now requires creditor's explanation, with regulated venture funds exempted.
    Amendment requires that any sum credited in an assessee's books-whether as loan, borrowing or other liability-will be treated as explained only if the source of funds is satisfactorily explained in the hands of the creditor or entry-provider; exception excludes regulated venture capital entities from this additional onus, and the change applies from the stated operative date to the listed assessment year and thereafter.
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    Withholding tax refund procedure now allows the payer to seek refund from the Assessing Officer, with appellate review.
    A new provision allows a person who deducted and bore tax under an agreement, where no deduction was required, to apply to the Assessing Officer for refund; the Assessing Officer may examine the underlying agreement, and the applicant may appeal the Assessing Officer's order to the Commissioner (Appeals). The previous route under section 248 will not apply for payments on or after the appointed date, effecting a procedural shift to assessment stage review.
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    Exemption withdrawal for foreign technical-assistance remuneration; such income will be taxable from the assessment year beginning April next year.
    The article sets out the phase-out of exemptions under clauses (8), (8A), (8B) and (9) of section 10 for remuneration, fees and related foreign-source income connected to cooperative or agency technical assistance programmes, describing existing eligibility rules (foreign citizenship/non-ordinary residency, nonresident status, prescribed-authority approvals) and explaining the policy rationale of tax simplification and protecting India's treaty taxing rights; the clauses are proposed to be inapplicable to income for the previous year relevant to the assessment year beginning on or after 1 April 2023.
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    Concessional tax on foreign dividends removed, aligning tax treatment of foreign and domestic corporate dividends going forward.
    Withdrawal of the concessional regime under Section 115BBD ends the special tax rate for dividends received by an Indian company from a specified foreign company, aligning their treatment with domestic dividends by making Section 115BBD inapplicable for assessment years beginning on or after the first day of April, 2023 so that such dividends are taxed in the shareholder's hands at applicable rates plus surcharge and cess.
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    Taxation of virtual digital assets: new flat tax and mandatory withholding reshape transfers and gifting rules.
    A dedicated tax regime segregates income from transfer of virtual digital assets under section 115BBH, taxing such income at a dedicated rate without deductions except cost of acquisition and disallowing set-off or carry forward of related losses. Section 194S mandates tax deduction at source on payments for transfer to residents with rules for in-kind consideration, specified person exemptions, treatment of suspense accounts as payee credits, and Board-issued guidelines; the definition of virtual digital asset (including NFTs) and gift taxation are adjusted with notification powers for the Central Government.
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    Bonus and dividend stripping rules extended to securities and pooled investment units, widening anti avoidance coverage.
    Section 94's anti avoidance provisions will be amended to apply sub section (8) on bonus stripping to securities and to expand dividend stripping rules to units of pooled investment vehicles by revising the Explanation to redefine "unit" to include business trust units such as InvITs, REITs and AIFs, thereby closing existing scope gaps and applying the provisions from the specified assessment year forward.
    NewsBills
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    Expanded reporting obligations now require producers and specified activity persons to report aggregate payments to tax authorities.
    Section 285B is expanded to require producers of cinematograph films and persons engaged in specified activities to furnish Form 52A statements reporting particulars of aggregate payments above the prescribed threshold made to or due from each person engaged, with timing governed by the end of the financial year or completion of the work.
    NewsBills
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    TDS on business perquisites: providers must deduct tax at source before delivering benefits or perquisites.
    A new section 194R mandates that the person responsible for providing any benefit or perquisite arising from business or profession to a resident must deduct tax at source on the value or aggregate value of such benefit or perquisite before providing it; where benefits are wholly in kind or partly in cash with insufficient cash to meet the deduction, tax must be ensured paid before release. Exemptions apply below a specified annual value threshold and for individuals or HUFs below specified turnover limits in the preceding year, with a stated effective date.
    NewsBills
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    TDS on immovable property: deduction based on higher of consideration or stamp duty value, with threshold exemption.
    The amendment requires TDS on transfer of immovable property to be deducted on the higher of the consideration payable or the stamp duty value of the property, ensuring consistency with valuation rules for income and capital gains; if both values are below the prescribed monetary threshold, no TDS is required, and "stamp duty value" carries the meaning assigned in the Act's Explanation.
    NewsBills
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    Specified person rule shortened to increase TDS/TCS coverage and prompt taxpayers to furnish returns under revised criteria.
    Amendments reduce the non-filing window for the specified person from two years to one year for higher TDS/TCS applicability, substitute 'furnishing' for 'filing' to reflect electronic returns, correct deductor/collectee terminology, exclude specified withholding provisions and certain simplified individual/HUF regimes from section 206AB, and amend cross-references in section 194-IB; effective from April 1, 2022.
    NewsBills
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    Change in shareholding rule: majority voting power retention after strategic disinvestment preserves carry forward of losses, subject to condition.
    Amendment creates a conditional exemption from the change in shareholding bar on carry forward and set off of losses for an erstwhile public sector company where the ultimate holding company, immediately after strategic disinvestment, continues to hold, directly or through subsidiaries, an aggregate majority of the voting power; failure to maintain that majority in a subsequent year triggers application of the change in shareholding rule for that and later years.
    NewsBills
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    Exemption for COVID-19 medical and death payments: employer payments fully exempt; third-party payments exempt subject to cap and time limit.
    Amendments exclude COVID 19 related medical and death payments from taxable income: employer payments for an employee's or family member's COVID 19 medical treatment will not be treated as a perquisite; gratuitous receipts for COVID 19 medical expenditure received from any person, and ex gratia or other payments to family members on death from the deceased's employer (without limit) or from others up to a capped aggregate within a prescribed period, will not be income, subject to conditions and the statutory definition of family. These changes are retrospective to 1 April 2020.
    NewsBills
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    Disability deduction extended to allow lifetime annuity or lump-sum payments when subscriber reaches senior age and payments cease.
    Amendment permits deduction under Section 80DD where annuity or lump-sum payments are made to a disabled dependant during the lifetime of the subscriber provided the subscriber has attained senior age and payments or deposits have been discontinued; amounts so received by the dependant before death are not to be treated as the assessee's income under the prior deeming provision.

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      AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 and IGST Act, 2017

      1 February, 2023

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      Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

      GOODS AND SERVICES TAX

      Note: (a) CGST Act means Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017

      (b) IGST Act means Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

      (c) Amendments carried out through the Finance Bill, 2023 come into effect on the date of its enactment, unless otherwise specified.

      Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023 except those in clause 142 will come into effect from the date when the same will be notified concurrently, as far as possible, with the corresponding amendments to the similar Acts passed by the States & Union territories with legislature. Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023, vide clause 142 will come into effect retrospectively from 1st July, 2017.

      I. AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 :

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

      1.

      Clause (d) of sub-section (2) and Clause (c) of sub-section (2A) in section 10 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the restriction imposed on registered persons engaged in supplying goods through electronic commerce operators from opting to pay tax under the Composition Levy.

      [128]

      2.

      Second and third provisos to sub-section (2) of section 16 of the CGST Act are being amended to align the said sub-section with the return filing system provided in the said Act.

      [129]

      3.

      Explanation to sub-section (3) of section 17 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to restrict availment of input tax credit in respect of certain transactions specified in para 8(a) of Schedule III of the said Act, as may be prescribed, by including the value of such transactions in the value of exempt supply. Further, sub-section (5) of said section is also being amended so as to provide that input tax credit shall not be available in respect of goods or services or both received by a taxable person, which are used or intended to be used for activities relating to his obligations under corporate social responsibility referred to in section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013.

      [130]

      4.

      Sub-section (1) and sub-section (2) of section 23 of the CGST Act are being amended, with retrospective effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to provide that persons for compulsory registration in terms of sub section (1) of section and section 22 of the Act need not register if exempt under sub section (1) of section 23.

      [131]

      5.

      A new sub-section (5) in section 37 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the details of outward supplies under sub-section (1) of the said section for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [132]

      6.

      A new sub-section (11) in section 39 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the return for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [133]

      7.

      A new sub-section (2) in section 44 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the annual return under sub-section (1) of the said section for a financial year can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [134]

      8.

      A new sub-section (15) in section 52 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the statement under sub-section (4) of the said section for a month can be furnished by an electronic commerce operator. Further, it seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for an electronic commerce operator or a class of electronic commerce operators.

      [135]

      9.

      Sub-section (6) of section 54 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the reference to the provisionally accepted input tax credit to align the same with the present scheme of availment of self- assessed input tax credit as per sub-section (1) of section 41 of the said Act.

      [136]

      10.

      Section 56 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an enabling provision to prescribe manner of computation of period of delay for calculation of interest on delayed refunds.

      [137]

      11.

      A new sub-section (1B) in section 122 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for penal provisions applicable to Electronic Commerce Operators in case of contravention of provisions relating to supplies of goods made through them by unregistered persons or composition taxpayers.

      [138]

      12.

      Sub-section (1) of section 132 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to decriminalize offences specified in clause (g), (j) and (k) of the said sub-section and to increase the monetary threshold for launching prosecution for the offences under the said Act from one hundred lakh rupees to two hundred lakh rupees, except for the offences related to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both.

      [139]

      13.

      First proviso to sub-section (1) of section 138 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to simplify the language of clause (a), to omit clause (b) and to substitute the clause (c) of said proviso so as to exclude the persons involved in offences relating to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both from the option of compounding of the offences under the said Act. It further seeks to amend sub-section (2) so as to rationalize the amount for compounding of various offences by reducing the minimum as well as maximum amount for compounding.

      [140]

      14.

      A new section 158A in the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for prescribing manner and conditions for sharing of the information furnished by the registered person in his return or in his application of registration or in his statement of outward supplies, or the details uploaded by him for generation of electronic invoice or E- way bill or any other details, as may be prescribed, on the common portal with such other systems, as may be notified.

      [141]

      15.

      Schedule III of the CGST Act is being amended to give retrospective applicability to Para 7, 8 (a) and 8 (b) of the said Schedule, with effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to treat the activities/ transactions mentioned in the said paragraphs as neither supply of goods nor supply of services. It is also being clarified that where the tax has already been paid in respect of such transactions/ activities during the period from 01st July, 2017 to 31st January, 2019, no refund of such tax paid shall be available.

      [142]

      II. AMENDMENTS IN THE IGST ACT, 2017:

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

      1.

      Clause (16) of section 2 of the IGST Act is being amended so as to revise the definition of “non-taxable online recipient” by removing the condition of receipt of online information and database access or retrieval services (OIDAR) for purposes other than commerce, industry or any other business or profession so as to provide for taxability of OIDAR service provided by any person located in non- taxable territory to an unregistered person receiving the said services and located in the taxable territory. Further, it also seeks to clarify that the persons registered solely in terms of clause (vi) of Section 24 of CGST Act shall be treated as unregistered person for the purpose of the said clause. Also, clause (17) of the said section is being amended to revise the definition of “online information and database access or retrieval services” to remove the condition of rendering of the said supply being essentially automated and involving minimal human intervention.

      [143]

      2.

      Proviso to sub-section (8) of section 12 of the IGST Act is being omitted so as to specify the place of supply, irrespective of destination of the goods, in cases where the supplier of services and recipient of services are located in India.

      [144]

       

       


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      Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

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