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    Retrospective GST exemptions and reclassifications bar refunds on tax already collected despite prior tax treatment.
    Two retrospective GST amendments reclassify past tax treatments and bar refunds: unintended waste from fish meal production (excluding fish oil) is retrospectively exempted for the earlier period but collected tax is non refundable; and grant of alcoholic liquor licences is retrospectively treated as neither supply of goods nor supply of services, with tax already collected likewise not refundable.
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    Interest rate under section 50(3) CGST Act set retrospectively to a prescribed statutory rate affecting tax interest liability.
    Notification No. 10/2017 (Union Territory Tax) is amended retrospectively from 1 July 2017 to prescribe the rate of interest under sub-section (3) of section 50 of the CGST Act as 18%, thereby fixing the statutory interest chargeable under that CGST provision for the retrospective period.
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    Interest rate under CGST Act fixed retrospectively, establishing a statutory uniform rate effective from July 2017.
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    Input tax credit restrictions clarified: availment conditioned on communication and extended rectification windows provided.
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    Retail sale price valuation provisions superseded to align central excise valuation with the post GST legal framework under new notification.
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    NCCD schedule amendment: reclassification of petroleum crude tariff item to a designated central excise heading changes levy application.
    Amendment substitutes Central Excise tariff item 2709 20 00 with 2709 00 10, classifying the entry as petroleum crude in the Seventh Schedule to the Finance Act, 2001, via the Finance Bill, 2022, thereby reclassifying the tariff heading for NCCD schedule purposes.
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    Additional excise duty on unblended fuel imposed to promote blending from October, affecting petrol and diesel sales.
    An additional Basic Excise Duty of Rs. 2 per litre will be levied on petrol and high speed diesel sold to retail consumers without blending, effective from 1 October 2022, to promote petrol blending with ethanol/methanol and diesel blending with bio-diesel by creating a tax differential between blended and unblended fuels.
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    Ethanol blend tariff classification updated; new excise tariff entries align Fourth Schedule with Customs Tariff provisions.
    Insertion of two new tariff items into the Fourth Schedule to the Central Excise Act, 1944 establishes excise classifications for ethanol-blended petrol conforming to BIS IS 17586 and aligns those Fourth Schedule entries with the proposed corresponding amendment in the First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975; amendments take effect on enactment unless otherwise specified.
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    End-to-end automation of concessional import regime streamlines electronic filings and introduces monthly compliance reporting on a common portal.
    Amendments require submission of all requisite details electronically via a common portal with standardized forms, remove transaction-based permissions and automate claim procedures for notification benefits. Importers must file a Monthly Statement on the portal to monitor use of goods for intended purposes, and may make voluntary payment of duties and interest through the portal, consolidating reporting, payment and compliance within a single electronic system.
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    Export duty change: reduction in duty for raw buffalo hides and skins under Notification No.27/2011, altering export tariff treatment.
    Amendment to Notification No.27/2011 revises the export duty applicable to raw buffalo hides and skins under the Chapter 41 leather tariff, substituting the prior duty rate with a reduced rate for that specified commodity; the change takes effect from 2 February 2022 and alters the customs export tariff treatment for exporters of raw buffalo hides and skins.
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    Anti-dumping duty revocations remove specified steel import remedies and withdraw corresponding notifications under the 2022 finance measures.
    The Finance Bill 2022 permanently revokes specified trade remedy measures: Anti-Dumping duty on (a) straight length alloy-steel bars and rods from the People's Republic of China (notification No. 54/2018-Cus), (b) non-cobalt high speed steel from Brazil, the People's Republic of China and Germany (notification No. 38/2019-Cus), and (c) flat rolled steel plated or coated with aluminium or zinc from the People's Republic of China, Vietnam and Korea RP (notification No. 16/2020-Cus). Countervailing duty on certain hot and cold rolled stainless steel flat products from the People's Republic of China (notification No. 1/2017-Cus) is also revoked.
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    Concessional duty for EV kits clarified-kits with essential EV character qualify even if some components are absent.
    Removal of the SPF requirement for live L. vannamei shrimp places regulation with the Department of Fisheries. Amendments clarify that CKD/SKD EV kits qualify for concessional duty if the presented kit has the essential character of an EV even when some components are missing, and delete unused parts from the two wheeler EV concessional entry.
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    Customs cess exemptions expanded: additional cesses removed on specified concessional imports and rare disease drug imports exempted.
    Multiple customs notifications granting duty exemptions for specified concessional imports are amended to also exempt Health Cess, Agriculture Infrastructure and Development Cess and Road and Infrastructure Cess as applicable; additionally, a new tariff entry exempts drugs and medicines for treatment of rare diseases when imported by designated Centres of Excellence or on their recommendation, reflecting the National Policy for Rare Diseases.
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    Basic customs duty changes revise import duty and health cess rates across multiple tariff items, effective early February.
    Proposals amend Basic Customs Duty and Health Cess rates effective 2.2.2022 by specifying revised duties for listed tariff items. The schedule sets prior and proposed rates across commodity groups-agricultural products, fuels and chemicals, paper, gems and jewellery, metals, electrical and electronics, medical devices, toys and capital goods-and includes sector measures such as extension of an iron and steel scrap exemption and changes for camera lenses, PCB inputs, X ray items, surgical needles, recovered paper and capital goods components.
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    Phased customs duty changes on electronic imports introduce staged rates for components and finished devices to incentivise local manufacture.
    Proposed amendments establish phased basic customs duty schedules under the Phased Manufacturing Program for wrist wearable devices, hearable devices, and smart meters, specifying year-by-year duty rates for identified components, sub-assemblies and finished units. IGCR conditions apply to enumerated component entries. The schedules distinguish classification-based parts and ''any chapter'' inputs, generally providing lower or nil duties initially for parts to encourage local assembly while setting distinct trajectories for imported finished products and assemblies.
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    Customs duty concessions review phases out concessional exemptions across sectors, replacing many with standard duty rates and sunset clauses.
    A comprehensive pruning of customs duty concessions withdraws, phases out, or time limits multiple BCD exemptions across sectors under notification No. 50/2017 and related standalone notifications. Sectoral concessions for textiles, power, petroleum, leather, food packaging and others are omitted or scheduled for staged withdrawal; select items are retained. Project imports face a uniform substituted BCD rate for new projects while existing projects are grandfathered for a transitional period. Section 25(4A) end date rules are applied to conditional exemptions and obsolete notifications are rescinded or merged.
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    Customs tariff amendments rationalize Basic Customs Duty and consolidate notification based rates into the statutory Schedule.
    Amendments to the First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 prescribe immediate provisional increases for selected items and effect a statutory consolidation of applied Basic Customs Duty rates previously administered through notifications. Transitional provisions maintain certain notification based rates for an interim period, after which corresponding entries will be omitted and BCD rates will operate through the Schedule. The package includes sectoral rationalisations across electronics, solar, agriculture, chemicals, textiles, metals and medical instruments, and adds new tariff entries to align with HS 2022 and departmental requests.
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    Validation of prior customs actions confirms retrospective legality of acts performed pursuant to officers' appointments and assignments.
    A provision in the Finance Bill, 2022 introduces a validation clause to validate any action taken or function performed before the commencement of the Finance Act, 2022 by an officer of Customs (as specified in amended Section 3) where such action was in pursuance of that officer's appointment and assignment of functions by the Central Government or the Board under specified Chapters of the Customs Act.

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      AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 and IGST Act, 2017

      1 February, 2023

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      Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

      GOODS AND SERVICES TAX

      Note: (a) CGST Act means Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017

      (b) IGST Act means Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

      (c) Amendments carried out through the Finance Bill, 2023 come into effect on the date of its enactment, unless otherwise specified.

      Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023 except those in clause 142 will come into effect from the date when the same will be notified concurrently, as far as possible, with the corresponding amendments to the similar Acts passed by the States & Union territories with legislature. Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023, vide clause 142 will come into effect retrospectively from 1st July, 2017.

      I. AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 :

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

      1.

      Clause (d) of sub-section (2) and Clause (c) of sub-section (2A) in section 10 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the restriction imposed on registered persons engaged in supplying goods through electronic commerce operators from opting to pay tax under the Composition Levy.

      [128]

      2.

      Second and third provisos to sub-section (2) of section 16 of the CGST Act are being amended to align the said sub-section with the return filing system provided in the said Act.

      [129]

      3.

      Explanation to sub-section (3) of section 17 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to restrict availment of input tax credit in respect of certain transactions specified in para 8(a) of Schedule III of the said Act, as may be prescribed, by including the value of such transactions in the value of exempt supply. Further, sub-section (5) of said section is also being amended so as to provide that input tax credit shall not be available in respect of goods or services or both received by a taxable person, which are used or intended to be used for activities relating to his obligations under corporate social responsibility referred to in section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013.

      [130]

      4.

      Sub-section (1) and sub-section (2) of section 23 of the CGST Act are being amended, with retrospective effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to provide that persons for compulsory registration in terms of sub section (1) of section and section 22 of the Act need not register if exempt under sub section (1) of section 23.

      [131]

      5.

      A new sub-section (5) in section 37 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the details of outward supplies under sub-section (1) of the said section for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [132]

      6.

      A new sub-section (11) in section 39 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the return for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [133]

      7.

      A new sub-section (2) in section 44 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the annual return under sub-section (1) of the said section for a financial year can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [134]

      8.

      A new sub-section (15) in section 52 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the statement under sub-section (4) of the said section for a month can be furnished by an electronic commerce operator. Further, it seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for an electronic commerce operator or a class of electronic commerce operators.

      [135]

      9.

      Sub-section (6) of section 54 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the reference to the provisionally accepted input tax credit to align the same with the present scheme of availment of self- assessed input tax credit as per sub-section (1) of section 41 of the said Act.

      [136]

      10.

      Section 56 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an enabling provision to prescribe manner of computation of period of delay for calculation of interest on delayed refunds.

      [137]

      11.

      A new sub-section (1B) in section 122 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for penal provisions applicable to Electronic Commerce Operators in case of contravention of provisions relating to supplies of goods made through them by unregistered persons or composition taxpayers.

      [138]

      12.

      Sub-section (1) of section 132 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to decriminalize offences specified in clause (g), (j) and (k) of the said sub-section and to increase the monetary threshold for launching prosecution for the offences under the said Act from one hundred lakh rupees to two hundred lakh rupees, except for the offences related to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both.

      [139]

      13.

      First proviso to sub-section (1) of section 138 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to simplify the language of clause (a), to omit clause (b) and to substitute the clause (c) of said proviso so as to exclude the persons involved in offences relating to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both from the option of compounding of the offences under the said Act. It further seeks to amend sub-section (2) so as to rationalize the amount for compounding of various offences by reducing the minimum as well as maximum amount for compounding.

      [140]

      14.

      A new section 158A in the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for prescribing manner and conditions for sharing of the information furnished by the registered person in his return or in his application of registration or in his statement of outward supplies, or the details uploaded by him for generation of electronic invoice or E- way bill or any other details, as may be prescribed, on the common portal with such other systems, as may be notified.

      [141]

      15.

      Schedule III of the CGST Act is being amended to give retrospective applicability to Para 7, 8 (a) and 8 (b) of the said Schedule, with effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to treat the activities/ transactions mentioned in the said paragraphs as neither supply of goods nor supply of services. It is also being clarified that where the tax has already been paid in respect of such transactions/ activities during the period from 01st July, 2017 to 31st January, 2019, no refund of such tax paid shall be available.

      [142]

      II. AMENDMENTS IN THE IGST ACT, 2017:

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

      1.

      Clause (16) of section 2 of the IGST Act is being amended so as to revise the definition of “non-taxable online recipient” by removing the condition of receipt of online information and database access or retrieval services (OIDAR) for purposes other than commerce, industry or any other business or profession so as to provide for taxability of OIDAR service provided by any person located in non- taxable territory to an unregistered person receiving the said services and located in the taxable territory. Further, it also seeks to clarify that the persons registered solely in terms of clause (vi) of Section 24 of CGST Act shall be treated as unregistered person for the purpose of the said clause. Also, clause (17) of the said section is being amended to revise the definition of “online information and database access or retrieval services” to remove the condition of rendering of the said supply being essentially automated and involving minimal human intervention.

      [143]

      2.

      Proviso to sub-section (8) of section 12 of the IGST Act is being omitted so as to specify the place of supply, irrespective of destination of the goods, in cases where the supplier of services and recipient of services are located in India.

      [144]

       

       


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      Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

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