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    Interest computation on updated returns clarified: interest calculated on assessed tax reduced by claimed advance tax credit, retrospective.
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    Amendment provides that TDS on payments to eligible non-residents for specified mutual fund units or specified company distributions shall be at the lower of the statutory rate and the rate under the applicable tax treaty, where the payee furnishes the required tax residency certificate; the change is effective from 1 April 2023.
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    Amendments add references to the first provisos of Section 194R and Section 194S and to subsection (2) of proposed Section 194BA into Section 271C (penalty) and Section 276B (prosecution), thereby making failure to deduct or to ensure payment of tax where benefits, virtual digital assets or online-game winnings are wholly or partly in kind subject to penalty equal to the tax not deducted or paid and to prosecution; drafting changes align language with parent TDS provisions and the amendments have staged commencements.
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    Amendments streamline reassessment by prescribing a three month deadline to furnish a return to a section 148 notice (subject to AO extension) and state that returns filed beyond that period will not be deemed returns under section 139. Section 149's limitation rules are preserved, with provisos excluding a fifteen day period from limitation computations and deeming notices arising from late year searches or requisitions to have been issued on the last day of the financial year. Section 151's specified authority list is clarified and the excluded/extended period must be counted when computing the three year threshold.
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    Power to amend directions for faceless and e-proceedings enables post-expiry modification by notification in Official Gazette.
    The Central Government may amend or modify directions issued for faceless schemes and e-proceedings after the originally prescribed time limits, by notification in the Official Gazette, where such directions were issued before the expiry of those limitation periods; the amendment power has specified commencement dates for different provisions.
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    Assessment time limits expanded to permit fuller scrutiny, align updated return treatment and extend search linked reassessment periods.
    The proposal amends section 153 to extend timeframes for completion of assessment and reassessment, align the period applicable to orders following updated returns, insert a new sub section to extend limitation periods where search under section 132 or requisition under section 132A is initiated or where seized material relates to the assessee, and to make existing timeline provisions applicable to revision orders passed by senior commissioners, with prospective commencement provided in the Bill.
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    Appeal filing period revised - time runs from receipt of the adjudicating authority's order at the IO or aggrieved party.
    The amendments shift the start of the appeal limitation period to the date an Adjudicating Authority's order is received in the office of the Initiating Officer or the aggrieved person, and they extend the same rule to orders under section 54A. They also modify the definition of High Court to provide jurisdictional clarity for non-resident appellants or respondents by designating the High Court where the Initiating Officer's office is located when no ordinary residence, business or gainful work place falls within any High Court's territory. Effective date: 1 April 2023.
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    Section 170A requires successor companies affected by a business reorganisation to furnish a modified return in prescribed form and manner limited to the reorganisation order, enabling modification of predecessor returns. The Assessing Officer must, on receipt, modify completed assessments or assess/reassess pending proceedings in accordance with the reorganisation order and the modified return, with all other Act provisions applying and tax charged at the rate applicable to the relevant assessment year.
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    Search and seizure powers expanded to allow Board approved external experts and registered valuers to assist with valuation and data forensics.
    Amendments permit authorised officers during searches to requisition Board approved persons or entities, including digital forensic experts and registered valuers, to assist with search, valuation and data analysis, and require such valuers to submit prescribed fair market value reports to the authorised officer or Assessing Officer within the stipulated timeline; the law also defines execution of the last authorisation to link assessment timelines to the close of search proceedings.
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    Appeals to Appellate Tribunal broadened to include penalties by Commissioner (Appeals) and revision orders by senior commissioners.
    The amendment expressly permits appeals to the Appellate Tribunal against penalty orders imposed by Commissioner (Appeals) under recent penalty provisions, and permits appeals against revision orders by senior commissioners and related rectifications. It also broadens the right to file a memorandum of cross-objections so respondents may file cross-objections in all cases that may be appealed to the Appellate Tribunal, correcting the previous limitation to appeals originating only from Commissioner (Appeals).
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    Timeframe for transfer pricing document production shortened; limited extension remains to manage TP proceeding timelines.
    The amendment reduces the period to furnish transfer pricing information or documents to ten days from the date of a notice, with an available extension on application by the taxpayer not to exceed an additional thirty days; the Assessing Officer or the Commissioner (Appeals) may require such production in proceedings concerning international transactions or specified domestic transactions. The change is aimed at streamlining timelines for examination of submitted material and takes effect from 1st April, 2023.
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    Joint Commissioner (Appeals) authority created to hear specified first appeals with transfer, rehearing and scheme-based procedural powers.
    Introduction of a Joint Commissioner (Appeals) as a first appellate authority for specified orders of Assessing Officers below Joint Commissioner rank, vested with powers similar to Commissioner (Appeals). The proposal lists appealable orders (assessment, reassessment, withholding/collection intimations, penalty and rectification amendments), permits transfers of pending appeals between Commissioner (Appeals) and Joint Commissioner (Appeals) with rehearing rights, allows the Government to notify a Scheme to streamline procedures and remove direct interface technologically, and empowers the Board to exclude cases or classes; consequential definitional amendments align the new office.
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    Extension of time for settlement procedures to allow interim boards more time to dispose rectification applications.
    The Finance Act, 2021 abolished the Settlement Commission retrospectively from 01.02.2021 and authorized Interim Boards for Settlement to handle pending applications; clause (iv) of sub section (9) of section 245D excluded the period from 01.02.2021 until constitution of the IBS from time limit computation and assured a minimum remaining period, and the Finance Bill, 2023 proposes substituting that clause to extend specified expiring time limits to 30.09.2023 with retrospective effect from 01.02.2021 to allow IBS additional time for disposing rectification and amendment applications.
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    Cost of acquisition deemed nil for certain intangible assets, altering capital gains computation and taxability.
    Amendment treats the cost of acquisition and cost of improvement of capital assets that are intangible assets or other rights for which no consideration was paid as Nil for computing capital gains, clarifying that assets not covered by existing enumerated provisions shall have no cost basis, and thereby resolving judicial uncertainty about taxability of gains on such transfers. The amendment applies prospectively from the Bill's stated effective date and to subsequent assessment years.
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    Prevention of double deduction: interest claimed under house property or chapter VIA excluded from cost of acquisition for capital gains.
    The Finance Bill proposes a proviso to section 48 that the cost of acquisition or cost of improvement shall exclude any interest amount claimed as a deduction under section 24 or under Chapter VIA, to prevent double deduction when computing capital gains.

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      AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 and IGST Act, 2017

      1 February, 2023

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      Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

      GOODS AND SERVICES TAX

      Note: (a) CGST Act means Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017

      (b) IGST Act means Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

      (c) Amendments carried out through the Finance Bill, 2023 come into effect on the date of its enactment, unless otherwise specified.

      Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023 except those in clause 142 will come into effect from the date when the same will be notified concurrently, as far as possible, with the corresponding amendments to the similar Acts passed by the States & Union territories with legislature. Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023, vide clause 142 will come into effect retrospectively from 1st July, 2017.

      I. AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 :

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

      1.

      Clause (d) of sub-section (2) and Clause (c) of sub-section (2A) in section 10 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the restriction imposed on registered persons engaged in supplying goods through electronic commerce operators from opting to pay tax under the Composition Levy.

      [128]

      2.

      Second and third provisos to sub-section (2) of section 16 of the CGST Act are being amended to align the said sub-section with the return filing system provided in the said Act.

      [129]

      3.

      Explanation to sub-section (3) of section 17 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to restrict availment of input tax credit in respect of certain transactions specified in para 8(a) of Schedule III of the said Act, as may be prescribed, by including the value of such transactions in the value of exempt supply. Further, sub-section (5) of said section is also being amended so as to provide that input tax credit shall not be available in respect of goods or services or both received by a taxable person, which are used or intended to be used for activities relating to his obligations under corporate social responsibility referred to in section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013.

      [130]

      4.

      Sub-section (1) and sub-section (2) of section 23 of the CGST Act are being amended, with retrospective effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to provide that persons for compulsory registration in terms of sub section (1) of section and section 22 of the Act need not register if exempt under sub section (1) of section 23.

      [131]

      5.

      A new sub-section (5) in section 37 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the details of outward supplies under sub-section (1) of the said section for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [132]

      6.

      A new sub-section (11) in section 39 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the return for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [133]

      7.

      A new sub-section (2) in section 44 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the annual return under sub-section (1) of the said section for a financial year can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

      [134]

      8.

      A new sub-section (15) in section 52 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the statement under sub-section (4) of the said section for a month can be furnished by an electronic commerce operator. Further, it seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for an electronic commerce operator or a class of electronic commerce operators.

      [135]

      9.

      Sub-section (6) of section 54 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the reference to the provisionally accepted input tax credit to align the same with the present scheme of availment of self- assessed input tax credit as per sub-section (1) of section 41 of the said Act.

      [136]

      10.

      Section 56 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an enabling provision to prescribe manner of computation of period of delay for calculation of interest on delayed refunds.

      [137]

      11.

      A new sub-section (1B) in section 122 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for penal provisions applicable to Electronic Commerce Operators in case of contravention of provisions relating to supplies of goods made through them by unregistered persons or composition taxpayers.

      [138]

      12.

      Sub-section (1) of section 132 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to decriminalize offences specified in clause (g), (j) and (k) of the said sub-section and to increase the monetary threshold for launching prosecution for the offences under the said Act from one hundred lakh rupees to two hundred lakh rupees, except for the offences related to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both.

      [139]

      13.

      First proviso to sub-section (1) of section 138 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to simplify the language of clause (a), to omit clause (b) and to substitute the clause (c) of said proviso so as to exclude the persons involved in offences relating to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both from the option of compounding of the offences under the said Act. It further seeks to amend sub-section (2) so as to rationalize the amount for compounding of various offences by reducing the minimum as well as maximum amount for compounding.

      [140]

      14.

      A new section 158A in the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for prescribing manner and conditions for sharing of the information furnished by the registered person in his return or in his application of registration or in his statement of outward supplies, or the details uploaded by him for generation of electronic invoice or E- way bill or any other details, as may be prescribed, on the common portal with such other systems, as may be notified.

      [141]

      15.

      Schedule III of the CGST Act is being amended to give retrospective applicability to Para 7, 8 (a) and 8 (b) of the said Schedule, with effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to treat the activities/ transactions mentioned in the said paragraphs as neither supply of goods nor supply of services. It is also being clarified that where the tax has already been paid in respect of such transactions/ activities during the period from 01st July, 2017 to 31st January, 2019, no refund of such tax paid shall be available.

      [142]

      II. AMENDMENTS IN THE IGST ACT, 2017:

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

      1.

      Clause (16) of section 2 of the IGST Act is being amended so as to revise the definition of “non-taxable online recipient” by removing the condition of receipt of online information and database access or retrieval services (OIDAR) for purposes other than commerce, industry or any other business or profession so as to provide for taxability of OIDAR service provided by any person located in non- taxable territory to an unregistered person receiving the said services and located in the taxable territory. Further, it also seeks to clarify that the persons registered solely in terms of clause (vi) of Section 24 of CGST Act shall be treated as unregistered person for the purpose of the said clause. Also, clause (17) of the said section is being amended to revise the definition of “online information and database access or retrieval services” to remove the condition of rendering of the said supply being essentially automated and involving minimal human intervention.

      [143]

      2.

      Proviso to sub-section (8) of section 12 of the IGST Act is being omitted so as to specify the place of supply, irrespective of destination of the goods, in cases where the supplier of services and recipient of services are located in India.

      [144]

       

       


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      Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

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