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Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number mandated for deductors and collectors to enhance tracking and reporting under the new bill
Clause 397(1) requires every person responsible for deducting or collecting tax to apply for and, when allotted, quote a Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TDCAN) in all prescribed TDS/TCS documents; it prevents duplication, allows prescribed timelines and forms, and provides targeted exemptions including notified persons and categories cross referenced to other provisions.
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Deemed assessee in default: consolidated TDS/TCS consequences including interest, asset charge, and conditional relief.
Clause 398 deems persons required to deduct or collect tax who fail to deduct, collect, or remit to be assessee in default, subject to interest, recovery and a statutory charge on assets. A conditional exception applies where the payee has reported and paid the income tax and an accountant's certificate in the prescribed form is furnished; interest is bifurcated between pre-collection and post-collection periods and must be paid before filing the relevant statement. The clause sets a limitation period for default orders and requires satisfaction of good and sufficient reasons before penalties are imposed.
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TDS/TCS reporting modernization: unified mandates for remittance, verified statements, non-resident reporting and six-year corrections.
Clause 397(3) mandates that every person responsible for deduction or collection, including employers and designated government officers, remit deducted or collected tax to the Central Government within prescribed timelines and furnish verified statements in prescribed forms; it requires the prescribed authority to issue statements to buyers/licensors/lessees, mandates reporting of payments to non-residents irrespective of taxability, recognises a six-year correction window for statement amendments, compels specified financial institutions to file statements for certain payments, and preserves liability where tax collection fails.
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Lower TCS certificates permit reduced collection when taxpayer income justifies it, with mandatory certified issuance and electronic processes.
Clause 395(3) permits buyers, licensees or lessees to apply to the Assessing Officer for collection of tax at a lower rate where the AO is satisfied that the applicant's total income justifies lower collection; the AO issues a certificate specifying the reduced rate and validity, subject to rules and to cancellation after hearing. Clause 395(4) requires every person deducting or collecting tax to issue a certificate to the deductee or collectee specifying the amount, rate and other prescribed particulars within prescribed timelines, with electronic issuance anticipated.
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Tax collection at source: consolidated TCS framework aligns rates, preserves declaration exemptions and prevents double collection.
Clause 394 consolidates TCS rules into a table specifying liable collectors, receipt categories, tiered rates and timing (earlier of debit or payment), retains a declaration based exemption for residents using goods for manufacturing/processing/production or power generation with prescribed duplicate filings and reporting, incorporates anti overlap safeguards preventing double collection on remittance and tour package transactions, and adopts existing definitions for forest produce while omitting certain granular definitions and the lower/nil TCS certificate mechanism pending further rulemaking.
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PAN furnishing requirement: higher withholding rates apply where PAN is not provided, with specified carve-outs for non-residents.
Clause 397(2) requires recipients and payers of amounts subject to TDS/TCS to furnish and quote a valid PAN; failure to do so triggers withholding or collection at enhanced statutory rates, invalidates declarations or applications for lower or nil deduction absent PAN, and mandates PAN disclosure in all transactional documents, while providing specified exemptions for certain non-residents and a cap on TDS for rent in defined cases.
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TDS/TCS reporting obligations expanded: mandatory electronic payment, verified statements, correction window and liability for non-collection.
Clause 397(3) requires prompt payment of tax deducted or collected to the Central Government and the furnishing of verified statements in prescribed forms and manner. It expands reporting to include payments to non-residents, special procedures for government remittances without challans, and interest payments below thresholds by specified entities. The clause permits correction statements within six years and imposes liability to pay where tax is not collected, while delegating operational details to prescribed authorities and mandating electronic filing and verification.
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Bar against direct demand protects assessees from paying tax already deducted at source, placing recovery obligations on the deductor.
A statutory bar prevents authorities from calling an assessee to pay tax to the extent tax has been deducted at source: Clause 401 of the 2025 Bill mirrors Section 205 of the 1961 Act by protecting the assessee where tax was actually deducted, limiting liability "to the extent" of deduction and leaving recovery, penalties, and prosecution against the deductor for any non deposit.
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Person responsible for paying: allocation of TDS/TCS duties to payers, principal officers, authorised remitters and government payors.
Clause 402(27) designates the person responsible for paying for TDS/TCS according to payment type and payer status: employers (and company principal officers) for salaries; payers (and company principal officers) for interest and other chargeable sums; authorised persons for remittances to NRIs; payers for reporting payments to non-residents irrespective of chargeability; and drawing and disbursing officers (or the actual payor) for government payments, with cross-references to FEMA and updated agent definitions.
Act Rules Bills
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TDCAN requirement modernisation centralises TAN/PAN linkage and reporting, tightening compliance and correction procedures.
Clause 397 requires persons deducting or collecting tax to apply for and, once allotted, quote a Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TDCAN) in all prescribed documents; it consolidates deduction and collection numbers, sets out statutory carve-outs and government-notified exemptions, integrates PAN linkage and consequences for non-furnishing, and centralises payment, reporting and correction mechanisms including procedures for non-resident payments and government offices.
Act Rules Bills
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TDS/TCS certificate obligation requires deductors and collectors to issue prescribed certificates enabling tax credit and digital reporting.
Clause 395(4) requires every person deducting or collecting tax at source to issue a certificate to the deductee/collectee specifying the amount of tax deducted or collected, the rate, and any other prescribed particulars within a prescribed period; employers who pay tax on behalf of employees must similarly furnish a certificate confirming payment to the Central Government. The clause covers both TDS and TCS, delegates format and timing to subordinate rules, and anticipates digital and harmonized implementation while leaving rectification, duplicate issuance and penalty mechanics to rules.
Act Rules Bills
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Non-exclusivity of source-based tax collection allows authorities to pursue additional recovery methods when payments are provisional.
Clause 390(4) states that taxes paid by deduction or collection at source, advance payments and specified payments operate in addition to any other mode of tax collection to discharge the liability for income assessed for a tax year, preserving the tax authority's power to pursue alternative recovery measures where such anticipatory payments are provisional, insufficient, or incorrect while allowing credit or refund for any excess.
Act Rules Bills
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TDS/TCS enforcement: deeming of defaulting deductors as assessees in default triggers interest, charge on assets, and conditioned relief.
Clause 398 deems persons required to deduct or collect tax, including principal officers and specified collectors, to be an assessee in default where tax is not deducted, not collected, or not paid to the government; relief is available if the recipient files a return, includes the relevant sum, pays the tax due and the deductor/collector furnishes a prescribed accountant's certificate. Interest is prescribed for the periods between deductibility, deduction and payment, unpaid tax plus interest is a statutory charge on assets, time limits for default orders are specified, and penalty requires satisfaction of lack of good and sufficient reasons.
Act Rules Bills
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Centralised TDS/TCS processing: automated, time bound framework mandates intimation within a year and covers correction statements.
Clause 399 creates an automated framework for processing TDS and TCS statements, including correction statements, requiring rectification of arithmetical errors and adjustment of apparent incorrect claims, computation of interest and fee, determination of net payable or refundable amounts after adjusting prior payments, issuance of a formal intimation to the deductor/collector, and grant of any refund due; it also mandates that intimations be sent within a year from the end of the tax year and empowers the Board to make a centralised processing scheme.
Act Rules Bills
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TDS/TCS compliance: expanded reporting and verified statement obligations, including cross-border and below-threshold payment reporting.
Clause 397(3) requires persons responsible for deduction or collection of tax, and certain employers, to pay amounts to the credit of the Central Government within prescribed time and to submit verified statements in prescribed form and manner; it mandates reporting of payments to non-residents whether or not chargeable, requires special statements for government payments without challans, permits correction statements within six years, obliges reporting of below-threshold interest payments by specified entities, and makes collectors who fail to collect liable to pay the tax.
Act Rules Bills
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Tax credit for source deductions ensures remitted taxes are treated as payment on behalf of the relevant taxpayer and allocated by rule.
Clause 390(5) treats sums remitted as tax paid on behalf of the person from or in respect of whose income such tax was deducted or collected, and Clause 390(6) empowers the Board to make rules for allocating that credit to such persons or to others and for specifying the tax year for which credit is allowed, extending the scope beyond conventional TDS/TCS to include specified pre-payments and leaving operational detail to subordinate rules.
Act Rules Bills
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Tax deducted is income received: gross receipts included for tax computation with credit for foreign withholding.
Clause 396 deems amounts deducted under the relevant withholding chapter and income tax deducted abroad (where credit is allowed) to be income received for computing an assessee's taxable income, with specified carve out exceptions; this preserves gross income inclusion while permitting credit for taxes withheld and raises interpretative issues about the chapter's scope, the stated exceptions, cross border withholding and transitional treatment.
Act Rules Bills
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TDS nil-declaration prevents withholding when estimated total income is below taxable threshold, subject to prescribed declaration and reporting.
Clause 393(6) permits certain recipients to avoid TDS by furnishing a prescribed written declaration that their estimated total income for the year yields nil tax; upon a valid declaration the payer must not deduct tax on specified payments and must forward a copy to tax authorities, subject to the condition that aggregate such incomes do not exceed the basic exemption limit and to general anti evasion consequences for false declarations.
Act Rules Bills
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Lower Deduction Certificates: streamlined TDS/TCS certification requiring AO satisfaction and binding certificate rates.
Clause 395(1) creates a mechanism for Lower Deduction Certificates allowing taxpayers to apply for lower or nil deduction of tax at source; the Assessing Officer must issue a certificate when satisfied on objective material, the deductor must apply the specified rate until the certificate's validity, and procedural details, scope, validity periods and ancillary measures are to be provided by rules.
Act Rules Bills
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TDS on securities income: clarified withholding rules, treaty relief mechanics, and exemptions for capital gains and exempt fund receipts.
Clause 393 establishes a tabular TDS regime on income from securities, distinguishing taxable securities income from capital gains and exempt receipts. Clause 393(2) prescribes withholding entries for Foreign Institutional Investors with rates referenced to an interpretative note and a 10% rate for specified funds, subject to documentation for treaty benefits. Clause 393(4) consolidates exemptions by excluding capital gains payable to foreign investors and exempt income of specified funds from TDS, aiming to avoid unnecessary withholding and refund procedures.

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AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 and IGST Act, 2017

1 February, 2023

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Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

GOODS AND SERVICES TAX

Note: (a) CGST Act means Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017

(b) IGST Act means Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

(c) Amendments carried out through the Finance Bill, 2023 come into effect on the date of its enactment, unless otherwise specified.

Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023 except those in clause 142 will come into effect from the date when the same will be notified concurrently, as far as possible, with the corresponding amendments to the similar Acts passed by the States & Union territories with legislature. Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023, vide clause 142 will come into effect retrospectively from 1st July, 2017.

I. AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 :

S. No.

Amendment

Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

1.

Clause (d) of sub-section (2) and Clause (c) of sub-section (2A) in section 10 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the restriction imposed on registered persons engaged in supplying goods through electronic commerce operators from opting to pay tax under the Composition Levy.

[128]

2.

Second and third provisos to sub-section (2) of section 16 of the CGST Act are being amended to align the said sub-section with the return filing system provided in the said Act.

[129]

3.

Explanation to sub-section (3) of section 17 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to restrict availment of input tax credit in respect of certain transactions specified in para 8(a) of Schedule III of the said Act, as may be prescribed, by including the value of such transactions in the value of exempt supply. Further, sub-section (5) of said section is also being amended so as to provide that input tax credit shall not be available in respect of goods or services or both received by a taxable person, which are used or intended to be used for activities relating to his obligations under corporate social responsibility referred to in section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013.

[130]

4.

Sub-section (1) and sub-section (2) of section 23 of the CGST Act are being amended, with retrospective effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to provide that persons for compulsory registration in terms of sub section (1) of section and section 22 of the Act need not register if exempt under sub section (1) of section 23.

[131]

5.

A new sub-section (5) in section 37 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the details of outward supplies under sub-section (1) of the said section for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

[132]

6.

A new sub-section (11) in section 39 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the return for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

[133]

7.

A new sub-section (2) in section 44 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the annual return under sub-section (1) of the said section for a financial year can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

[134]

8.

A new sub-section (15) in section 52 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the statement under sub-section (4) of the said section for a month can be furnished by an electronic commerce operator. Further, it seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for an electronic commerce operator or a class of electronic commerce operators.

[135]

9.

Sub-section (6) of section 54 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the reference to the provisionally accepted input tax credit to align the same with the present scheme of availment of self- assessed input tax credit as per sub-section (1) of section 41 of the said Act.

[136]

10.

Section 56 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an enabling provision to prescribe manner of computation of period of delay for calculation of interest on delayed refunds.

[137]

11.

A new sub-section (1B) in section 122 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for penal provisions applicable to Electronic Commerce Operators in case of contravention of provisions relating to supplies of goods made through them by unregistered persons or composition taxpayers.

[138]

12.

Sub-section (1) of section 132 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to decriminalize offences specified in clause (g), (j) and (k) of the said sub-section and to increase the monetary threshold for launching prosecution for the offences under the said Act from one hundred lakh rupees to two hundred lakh rupees, except for the offences related to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both.

[139]

13.

First proviso to sub-section (1) of section 138 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to simplify the language of clause (a), to omit clause (b) and to substitute the clause (c) of said proviso so as to exclude the persons involved in offences relating to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both from the option of compounding of the offences under the said Act. It further seeks to amend sub-section (2) so as to rationalize the amount for compounding of various offences by reducing the minimum as well as maximum amount for compounding.

[140]

14.

A new section 158A in the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for prescribing manner and conditions for sharing of the information furnished by the registered person in his return or in his application of registration or in his statement of outward supplies, or the details uploaded by him for generation of electronic invoice or E- way bill or any other details, as may be prescribed, on the common portal with such other systems, as may be notified.

[141]

15.

Schedule III of the CGST Act is being amended to give retrospective applicability to Para 7, 8 (a) and 8 (b) of the said Schedule, with effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to treat the activities/ transactions mentioned in the said paragraphs as neither supply of goods nor supply of services. It is also being clarified that where the tax has already been paid in respect of such transactions/ activities during the period from 01st July, 2017 to 31st January, 2019, no refund of such tax paid shall be available.

[142]

II. AMENDMENTS IN THE IGST ACT, 2017:

S. No.

Amendment

Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

1.

Clause (16) of section 2 of the IGST Act is being amended so as to revise the definition of “non-taxable online recipient” by removing the condition of receipt of online information and database access or retrieval services (OIDAR) for purposes other than commerce, industry or any other business or profession so as to provide for taxability of OIDAR service provided by any person located in non- taxable territory to an unregistered person receiving the said services and located in the taxable territory. Further, it also seeks to clarify that the persons registered solely in terms of clause (vi) of Section 24 of CGST Act shall be treated as unregistered person for the purpose of the said clause. Also, clause (17) of the said section is being amended to revise the definition of “online information and database access or retrieval services” to remove the condition of rendering of the said supply being essentially automated and involving minimal human intervention.

[143]

2.

Proviso to sub-section (8) of section 12 of the IGST Act is being omitted so as to specify the place of supply, irrespective of destination of the goods, in cases where the supplier of services and recipient of services are located in India.

[144]

 

 


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Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

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