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    Tax provision amendment: removal of National Housing Bank references in income recognition rules for housing finance companies.
    Amendment proposes deleting references to the National Housing Bank in section 43D, removing the clause on public companies engaged in housing finance and related explanations that linked recognition of interest income on prescribed bad or doubtful debts to NHB guidelines, and aligning tax text with the regulatory transfer of housing finance companies to the Reserve Bank of India; the amendment is effective from 1 April 2025 and applies to subsequent assessment years.
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    Asset recovery: amendment enables liabilities under the Black Money Act to be recovered from seized or requisitioned assets.
    The amendment adds a reference to the Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Act, 2015 to Section 132B of the Income-tax Act, authorising recovery of existing liabilities under the Black Money Act from assets seized or requisitioned under section 132, with prospective effect from the 1st day of October, 2024.
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    Time limits for responses under benami property procedure extended; provisional attachment decision lengthened and statement referral increased, effective October.
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    Immunity for benamidars: conditional immunity offered to encourage full disclosure, withdrawable for falsehood or concealment.
    Insertion of Section 55A permits the Initiating Officer, with previous sanction of the competent authority, to tender conditional immunity from penalty under section 53 to non-beneficial-owner persons involved in benami transactions in exchange for a full and true disclosure; accepted immunity renders them immune from prosecution and penalty to the extent tendered, but the Initiating Officer may record non compliance or falsehood and, with sanction, withdraw immunity, enabling prosecution and imposition of penalties for the offence or related offences.
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    Protective duty mechanism removed as the statutory provision requiring Tariff Commission recommendations is omitted, ending that process.
    Section 6 of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975, authorising levy of protective duties by the Central Government on recommendations of the Tariff Commission is omitted by the Finance (No. 2) Bill, 2024 because the Tariff Commission was wound up by resolution on 1 June 2022; the change is effective from enactment of the Bill.
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    Increase in tariff rates for plastics, consumer and laboratory chemicals to take immediate provisional effect; additional tariff amendments from October.
    The Finance (No. 2) Bill, 2024 amends the First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 to implement immediate provisional increases in specified basic customs duties using the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 2023 for certain PVC flex films, consumer goods and laboratory chemicals in small packings, and further tariff adjustments to be given effect in the Schedule from October while preserving current BCD levels for other affected goods via notification amendments.
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    Basic customs duty reductions across sectors to incentivise domestic manufacturing and simplify export-duty treatment.
    The Finance (No.2) Bill, 2024 revises Basic Customs Duty rates effective 24 July 2024, lowering or nil-rating duties across agricultural inputs, aquaculture, critical minerals, metals, chemicals, IT and electronics, medical equipment, renewable energy inputs and precious metals; it also simplifies and rationalises export duties on hides, skins and leather to streamline export taxation.
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    Validation of customs notification restores duty exemption for specified oil imports subject to TRQ and bill of lading conditions.
    The Finance (No. 2) Bill, 2024 validates Notification No. 37/2023 to confirm exemption from basic customs duty and anti-dumping/countervailing duties on imports of crude soybean oil and crude sunflower seed oil, conditional on unutilized TRQ quota and a bill of lading issued on or before 31 March, 2023; it also exempts GST Compensation Cess on imports into SEZs by SEZ units or developers for authorized operations.
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    New Shipper Review introduced for countervailing duty rules, enabling review of new exporters under amended procedures.
    Amendment inserts a New Shipper Review provision into the Customs Tariff Rules, 1995 to permit review of new exporters or suppliers within the existing framework for identification, assessment and collection of countervailing duty and for determination of injury; effective from 24.7.2024.
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    Temporary import time limits extended for aircraft, vessels and warranty exports, enabling longer duty-free re-import and repair periods.
    The notifications extend temporal reliefs and adjust tariffs: aircraft and vessels imported for maintenance, repair and overhaul may remain imported for one year (further extendable by one year), warranty exports qualify for duty free re import for five years (further extendable by two years), and the India-UAE CEPA tariff notification is amended to revise duty rates on precious metals; changes effective 24 July 2024.
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    BCD exemption extensions preserve duty-free treatment for specified imports, with targeted scope adjustments for certain inputs.
    The Finance measure extends conditional Basic Customs Duty (BCD) exemptions for numerous specified goods-inputs, parts, capital goods, and medical supplies-preserving duty-free import treatment subject to existing notification conditions, while narrowing or broadening the scope of certain entries and maintaining targeted provisions for SEZ-related supplies and bona fide exporters; stakeholders must refer to the notification for full descriptive and documentary eligibility requirements.
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    Customs duty exemptions extended and expiry clauses removed, preserving specified import concessions for listed goods and sectors.
    Amendments extend Basic Customs Duty (BCD) exemption timelines for specified notifications and remove prescribed end dates for another subset, thereby sustaining concessional import treatment for listed categories such as media content, specialised machinery, castor products, artworks, precious stones on approval basis, copper products, export-jobbing inputs, instructional materials and other sectoral items; notifications remain authoritative for full descriptions.
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    Customs duty exemptions lapse removing concessional import treatments across multiple sectors and specified notification-based exemptions.
    Customs duty exemptions and concessional notifications listed in earlier customs instruments are being allowed to lapse, removing specified concessional import treatments. Affected provisions include selected entries of notification No. 50/2017-Customs covering inputs and equipment for sectors such as solar manufacturing, electric vehicles, medical devices, telecommunication equipment, and certain industrial catalysts, and several standalone notifications granting exemptions for gold imports by banks, donated second-hand computers, SAD-related exemptions, SEZ to DTA transfers, and aviation re-imports.
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    Social Welfare Surcharge exemption for specified minerals and metal inputs removes surcharge on listed imported goods.
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    Agriculture Infrastructure and Development Cess rate reduction alters customs duty incidence on specified precious metal imports.
    Amendment revises the Agriculture Infrastructure and Development Cess (AIDC) rates on specified precious metal goods by modifying Notification No. 11/2021 - Customs, effective 24 July 2024, reducing AIDC and altering the effective customs duty incidence on listed tariff entries including gold, silver, platinum group metals, coins of precious metals, and related findings.
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    Exemption of Clean Environment Cess on stock, subject to GST compensation cess on subsequent supplies.
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    Limitation on GST demand determination: new unified regime for post-change periods with restructured penalties and appeal pre-deposit rules.
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    Zero rating changes in IGST allow notified classes to claim refunds subject to prescribed conditions and export duty restrictions.
    The Bill amends IGST to exempt Extra Neutral Alcohol used in making alcoholic liquor from integrated tax; empowers the Government to regularize non levy or short levy arising from established general practice; revises the zero rating regime to allow notification of classes eligible for zero rated supplies and corresponding refunds under Central GST refund rules while barring refunds where export duty applies; and reduces maximum pre deposit amounts required to file appeals before the appellate authority and the Appellate Tribunal.
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    Tax exemption for extra neutral alcohol removes union territory tax when used to make alcoholic liquor, altering levy scope.
    Amendment excludes union territory tax on Extra Neutral Alcohol used in manufacture of alcoholic liquor for human consumption, narrowing the UTGST taxable base and requiring suppliers and manufacturers to adjust tax treatment. A newly inserted Section 8A authorizes the government to regularize non-levy or short levy of union territory tax where such shortfall resulted from a general practice, creating a mechanism to validate or correct historical under-collection attributable to systemic practices.

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      AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 - FINANCE (No.2) BILL, 2019

      5 July, 2019

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      AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017:

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance (No.2) Bill, 2019

      1

      The definition of “adjudicating authority” in clause (4) of section 2 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to exclude “the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling” (which is being created by various amendments in Chapter XVII of the CGST Act) from the definition of “adjudicating authority”.

      [91]

      2

      A new sub-section is being inserted in section 10 of the CGST Act to bring in an alternative composition scheme for supplier of services or  mixed suppliers (not eligible for the earlier composition scheme) having an annual turnover in preceding financial year upto ₹ 50 lakhs. Further, explanation is being added to section 10 to clarify that:

       

      i.

      for computing the aggregate turnover to determine eligibility for the composition scheme, value of exempt supplies services provided by way of extending deposits, loans or advances in so far as the consideration is represented by way of interest or discount shall not be taken into account; and

       

      ii.

      for determining the value of turnover in a State or Union territory to calculate tax payable, value of exempt supplies of services provided by way of extending deposits, loans or advances in so far as the consideration is represented by way of interest or discount; and value of the first supplies from 1st of April till the date when the taxpayer becomes liable for registration shall not be taken into account.

      [92]

      3

      A proviso and an explanation is being inserted in section 22 of the CGST Act so as to provide for higher threshold exemption limit from ₹ 20 lakhs to such amount not exceeding ₹ 40 lakhs in case of supplier who is engaged in exclusive supply of goods. 

      [93]

      4

      New sub-sections are being inserted in section 25 of the CGST Act to make Aadhaar authentication mandatory for specified class of new taxpayers and to prescribe the manner in which certain class of registered taxpayers are required to undergo Aadhaar authentication.

      [94]

      5

      A new section 31A is being inserted in the CGST Act so that specified suppliers shall have to mandatorily give the option of specified modes of electronic payment to their recipients.

      [95]

      6

      Section 39 of the CGST Act  is being amended so as to allow the composition taxpayers to furnish annual return along with quarterly payment of taxes; and other specified taxpayers may be given the option for quarterly or monthly furnishing of returns and payment of taxes under the proposed new return system.

      [96]

      7

      New provisos are being inserted in sub-section (1) of section 44 of the CGST Act so as to empower the Commissioner to extend the due date for furnishing Annual return (prescribed FORM GSTR-9/9A) and reconciliation statement (prescribed  FORM GSTR-9C).

      [97]

      8

      New sub-sections are being inserted in section 49 of the CGST Act to provide a facility to the registered person to transfer an amount from one (major or minor) head to another (major or minor) head in the electronic cash ledger.

      [98]

      9

      New proviso in sub-sections (1) is being inserted in section 50 of the CGST Act so as to provide for charging  interest only on the net cash tax liability, except in those cases where returns are filed subsequent to initiation of any proceedings under section 73 or 74 of the CGST Act.

      [99]

      10

      New provisos are being inserted in sub-sections (4) and (5) of section 52 of the CGST Act so as to empower the Commissioner to extend the due date for furnishing of monthly and annual statement by the person collecting tax at source.

      [100]

      11

      A new section 53A is being inserted in the CGST Act so as to   provide for transfer of amount between Centre and States consequential to amendment in section 49 of the CGST Act allowing transfer of an amount from one head to another head in the electronic cash ledger of the registered person .

      [101]

      12

      New sub-section (8A) is being inserted in section 54 of the CGST Act so as to provide that the Central Government may disburse refund amount to the taxpayers in respect of refund of State taxes as well.

      [102]

      13

      New clause (f) is being inserted in section 95 of the CGST Act to define the “National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling”.

      [103]

      14

      New sections 101A, 101B and 101C are being inserted in the CGST Act so as to provide for constitution, qualification, appointment, tenure, conditions of services of the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling; to provide for procedures to be followed for hearing appeals against conflicting advance rulings pronounced on the same question by the Appellate Authorities of two or more States or Union territories in case of distinct persons; and to provide that the National Appellate Authority shall pass order within a period of ninety days from the date of filing of the appeal respectively.

      [104]

      15

      Section 102 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to allow the National Appellate Authority to amend any order passed by it so as to rectify any error apparent on the face of the record, within a period of six months from the date of the order, except under certain specified circumstances.

      [105]

      16

      Section 103 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that the advance ruling pronounced by the National Appellate Authority shall be binding, unless there is a change in law or facts, on the applicants, being distinct person and all registered persons having the same Permanent Account Number and on the concerned officers or the jurisdictional officers in respect of the said applicants and the registered persons having the same Permanent Account Number. 

      [106]

      17

      Section 104 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that advance ruling pronounced by the National Appellate Authority shall be void where the ruling has been obtained by fraud or suppression of material facts or misrepresentation of facts.

      [107]

      18

      Section 105 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that the National Appellate Authority shall have all the powers of a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 for the purpose of exercising its powers under the Act.

      [108]

      19

      Section 106 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that the National Appellate Authority shall have power to regulate its own procedure.

      [109]

      20

      Consequent to the amendments in section 44 and section 52 of the CGST Act, section 168 is being amended so as to specify that in respect of sub-section (1) of section 44 and subsections (4) and (5) of section 52, Commissioner or Joint Secretary shall exercise the powers specified in the said sections with the approval of the Board.

      [110]

      21

      Section 171 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to empower the National Anti-profiteering Authority (under sub-section (2) of section 171 of the Act) to impose penalty equivalent to 10% of the profiteered amount.

      [111]

       

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      ActsIncome Tax