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    Digital Annual Information Transformation in Tax Administration : Clause 510 of the Income Tax Bill,...
    Crypto-Asset Reporting Obligations under Indian Tax Law : Clause 509 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs...
    Evolving Obligations: A Comparative Analysis of Clause 508 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 and Section ...
    Transparency and Taxation in Media Production : Clause 507 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section ...
    Disclosure Norms for Indian Concerns in Cross-Border Transactions : Clause 506 of the Income Tax Bil...
    Statutory Reporting by Non-Resident Liaison Offices : Clause 505 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Se...
    Procedural Safeguards for Assessment of Discontinued Businesses : Clause 504 of the Income Tax Bill,...
    Continuity of Tax Proceedings after Partition or Dissolution : Clause 503 of the Income Tax Bill, 20...
    Analysis of Authentication of Notices in Indian Income Tax Legislation : Clause 502 of Income Tax Bi...
    Legal and Practical Dimensions of Service of Notices under Indian Tax Law : Clause 501 of the Income...
    Power to provisionally attach property during tax proceedings : Clause 500 of the Income Tax Bill, 2...
    Voidable Transfers in Tax Law : Clause 499 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section 281 of the Incom...
    Changing Face of Criminal Procedure in Income Tax Offence Prosecution : Clause 498 of Income Tax Bil...
    Procedural Reform in Tax Offence Trials : Clause 497 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section 280C o...
    Jurisdictional Framework for Tax Prosecutions : Clause 496 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section ...
    Designation and functioning of Special Courts for the trial of offences under the proposed legislati...
    Legal Protections against Unauthorized Disclosure in Indian Tax Law : Clause 494 of Income Tax Bill,...
    Proof of Official Entries in Tax Prosecutions : Clause 493 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section ...
    Comparative Review of Non-Cognizable Offences in Indian Income Tax Legislation : Clause 492 of the I...
    Safeguards and Procedures in Income Tax Prosecution : Clause 491 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Se...
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    Act RulesBills
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    Annual Information Statement: statutory digital disclosure enabling taxpayers to verify and reconcile reported financial data.
    The provision requires upload of an Annual Information Statement into the assessee's registered electronic filing account by the prescribed income tax authority or an authorised person, in the prescribed form, manner and time, containing such information as is in the possession of the authority; specifics of content, format and timelines are left to subordinate rules, and the clause confines AIS data to information already held by the authority.
    Act RulesBills
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    Crypto-asset reporting obligations require prescribed entities to file periodic transaction statements and correct inaccuracies promptly.
    Clause 509 creates a statutory obligation for prescribed reporting entities to furnish periodic statements on crypto-asset transactions to the income-tax authority in a prescribed form and manner; it provides time-bound notice-and-cure procedures for defective or non-filed statements, mandates prompt self-correction of inaccuracies, and empowers rule-making for registration, record-keeping and due diligence including KYC.
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    Obligation to furnish financial transaction statements expands reporting duties and mandates due diligence, thresholds, and correction procedures.
    Clause 508 requires prescribed persons to furnish statements of specified financial transactions and reportable accounts, with rules determining scope, thresholds, form and timing. It mandates registration, record maintenance and due diligence for identifying reportable accounts, sets timelines for rectification of defective statements and correction of inaccuracies, and permits the Board and Central Government to prescribe differential thresholds and procedural details; unrectified defects or failures are treated as inaccurate information, invoking consequences under the Act.
    Act RulesBills
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    Reporting obligations for media producers require disclosure of substantial payments to enhance transparency and tax oversight.
    Clause 507 requires persons producing cinematograph films or engaging in specified entertainment activities during any part of a tax year to furnish prescribed statements to income-tax authorities identifying payments made or due to each engaged person that exceed the aggregate reporting threshold; it defines inclusive categories of specified activities, delegates timing, form and manner to subordinate rules (including electronic filing and standardized formats), and emphasizes reporting both actual payments and accrued liabilities to enhance transparency and tax oversight.
    Act RulesBills
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    Disclosure obligations for indirect transfers require Indian concerns to furnish prescribed information to tax authorities.
    Clause 506 requires an Indian concern, where a foreign company's shares or interests derive substantial value from Indian assets held through that concern, to furnish prescribed information and documents within prescribed periods and manners to the prescribed income-tax authority to enable determination of income arising in India under the indirect transfer regime. The clause mirrors Section 285A's substantive obligations, defers detailed compliance requirements to rules, and aligns with operational specifics exemplified by Rule 114DB regarding form, timelines, documentary breadth, retention, and group-filing.
    Act RulesBills
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    Statutory reporting by liaison offices requires a fixed sixty day post tax year filing to strengthen compliance and oversight.
    Clause 505 requires every non-resident having a liaison office established under RBI/FEMA to deliver a prescribed statement of the office's activities to the Assessing Officer within sixty days from the end of the tax year, with the form and particulars to be specified by delegated legislation and non-compliance subject to general penalty provisions.
    Act RulesBills
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    Service of notice for discontinued businesses allows authorities to serve former members or principal officers to proceed with assessment.
    Clause 504 permits the Assessing Officer, where an assessment is to be made under section 320, to serve a notice on the person whose income is to be assessed, any person who was a member of a firm or association of persons at the time of its discontinuance, or the principal officer of a company; such notice may contain all or any of the requirements included in a notice under section 268(1), and the Act's provisions shall apply as if the notice were issued under that sub section.
    Act RulesBills
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    Service of notice after partition preserves tax proceedings by enabling notice on designated former managers or adult members.
    Clause 503 secures continuation of tax proceedings after a HUF's total partition or a firm's dissolution by allowing service of notices for pre disruption income on the last manager of the HUF (or, if deceased, all adults who were members immediately before partition) and on any adult partner or member of a dissolved firm or association; a formal finding of partition or dissolution by the Assessing Officer triggers application and minors are excluded from service.
    Act RulesBills
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    Authentication of notices: statutory deeming of validity where designated authority details appear, enabling electronic and paper issuance.
    Clause 502 requires notices and documents to be signed and issued in paper form or communicated electronically as per prescribed procedures, deems documents authenticated where the name and office of a designated income-tax authority are printed, stamped or written thereon, and defines designated authorities as those authorized by the Board to issue such authenticated documents, thereby centralizing authorization while delegating procedural detail to subordinate rules.
    Act RulesBills
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    Service of notices: modernised electronic and prescribed modes expand tax communication obligations and board rule making.
    Clause 501 prescribes authorised modes for serving statutory tax communications-post or Board approved courier, CPC methods for summons, electronic records under the IT Act, and other prescribed means-while empowering the CBDT to designate addresses (including electronic mail addresses) for service and to prescribe additional modes. It supplies a comprehensive, technology neutral definition of electronic mail covering messages and attachments, thereby modernising and clarifying the law of service and reducing ambiguities present in the earlier statutory cross references.
    Act RulesBills
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    Provisional attachment powers protect revenue by allowing property restraint pending tax proceedings, subject to guarantees and time limits.
    Clause 500 empowers the Assessing Officer to provisionally attach assessee property during assessment, reassessment or specified penalty proceedings subject to prior written approval of a defined Competent Authority, execution in the prescribed manner, and a default six month duration extendable for recorded reasons within statutory limits; it permits substitution of a bank guarantee equal to fair market value (or a lower amount if objectively sufficient), mandates valuation by a Valuation Officer, sets timelines for revocation upon guarantee receipt, and prescribes invocation, application and release mechanics for guarantees.
    Act RulesBills
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    Voidable asset transfers: transfers during tax proceedings can be voided against tax claims, with exceptions for bona fide transferees.
    Clause 499 renders charges or transfers of assets void against tax claims when effected during proceedings or after completion but before service of recovery notice, covering transfers by sale, mortgage, gift, exchange or any other mode and an expansive list of assets including virtual digital assets. Exceptions protect transfers made for adequate consideration without notice and those with prior permission of the Assessing Officer, while stock in trade is excluded; the clause updates procedural references and preserves core safeguards from the predecessor provision.
    Act RulesBills
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    Application of new criminal procedure code aligns tax prosecutions under updated procedures, altering prosecutor status and qualification requirements.
    Clause 498 applies the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 to Special Court proceedings under the Income Tax Bill, deeming the person conducting the prosecution to be a Public Prosecutor and enabling the Central Government to appoint Special Public Prosecutors. Appointments require an experienced advocate with "special knowledge of law", and appointees are treated as Public Prosecutors within the BNSS definition, thereby importing BNSS powers, duties and procedural rules to tax prosecutions.
    Act RulesBills
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    Summons case classification: minor tax offences must be tried by Special Courts under the new criminal procedure framework.
    Clause 497 requires that offences under the Income Tax Bill punishable with imprisonment not exceeding two years, or with fine, or with both, be tried as summons cases by a Special Court, overriding contrary BNSS provisions and applying the BNSS summons-case procedure accordingly.
    Act RulesBills
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    Exclusive jurisdiction of Special Courts centralises tax prosecutions, with cognizance only on authorised complaints.
    Clause 496 mandates exclusive trial of income tax offences by designated Special Courts, subject to actual designation for relevant areas or classes of cases, and contains a non obstante provision giving it overriding effect over the general criminal procedure code. Cognizance by a Special Court is restricted to complaints filed by authorities authorised under the Act. Transitional rules preserve continuity by allowing designated courts to continue existing and future trials and permitting non designated courts to finish pending matters; the clause cross references the Bill's procedural provision to align competence within the reorganised statute.
    Act RulesBills
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    Special Courts designation enables focused, consolidated trials for tax offences and aligns procedure with the new criminal code.
    Clause 495 empowers the Central Government, after consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court, to notify one or more courts of Judicial Magistrate of the first class as Special Courts for specified areas, cases or classes of cases to try offences under the Income Tax Bill, 2025; it permits these Special Courts to try related offences joined at the same trial under the applicable criminal procedure and updates procedural references to the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, while preserving the core scheme of Section 280A.
    Act RulesBills
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    Unauthorized disclosure by public servants criminalised; prosecution requires Central Government sanction and carries imprisonment and fine.
    Clause 494 criminalises unauthorized furnishing of taxpayer information or production of documents by a public servant in contravention of the Bill's secrecy provision, prescribes imprisonment and fine, and requires prior sanction of the Central Government before prosecution.
    Act RulesBills
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    Admissibility of official tax records: certified copies allowed as evidence, easing prosecution while preserving challenge rights.
    Clause 493 mandates that entries in records or documents in the custody of an income-tax authority "shall be admitted in evidence" in prosecution proceedings under the chapter and permits proof either by production of the original records or by production of a certified copy signed by the custodian stating it is a true copy and that the originals are in its custody. The clause covers varied formats of records, limits application to criminal proceedings under the chapter, and preserves courts' power to test genuineness and require originals where fairness demands.
    Act RulesBills
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    Non-cognizable classification of specified tax offences requires magistrate sanction before arrest or investigation, limiting summary enforcement.
    Clause 492 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 designates specified income tax offences as non-cognizable for purposes of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 by means of a non-obstante provision. As a result, arrest cannot be effected without a magistrate-issued warrant and investigations into those offences require prior magistrate authorization, imposing judicial gatekeeping at the threshold of criminal proceedings and constraining unilateral police action in tax enforcement.
    Act RulesBills
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    Prior sanction for tax prosecution centralises oversight, enables compounding, and restricts arbitrary criminal initiation against taxpayers.
    Clause 491 makes prior sanction by designated senior officers a precondition to prosecution for specified tax offences, authorises senior regional heads and the Board to issue directions, permits compounding of offences at any stage by senior officials, bars prosecution where specified penalties have been reduced or waived, and affirms that statements or documents given to tax authorities remain admissible notwithstanding an expectation of penalty reduction or compounding.

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      AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 - FINANCE (No.2) BILL, 2019

      5 July, 2019

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      AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017:

      S. No.

      Amendment

      Clause of the Finance (No.2) Bill, 2019

      1

      The definition of “adjudicating authority” in clause (4) of section 2 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to exclude “the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling” (which is being created by various amendments in Chapter XVII of the CGST Act) from the definition of “adjudicating authority”.

      [91]

      2

      A new sub-section is being inserted in section 10 of the CGST Act to bring in an alternative composition scheme for supplier of services or  mixed suppliers (not eligible for the earlier composition scheme) having an annual turnover in preceding financial year upto ₹ 50 lakhs. Further, explanation is being added to section 10 to clarify that:

       

      i.

      for computing the aggregate turnover to determine eligibility for the composition scheme, value of exempt supplies services provided by way of extending deposits, loans or advances in so far as the consideration is represented by way of interest or discount shall not be taken into account; and

       

      ii.

      for determining the value of turnover in a State or Union territory to calculate tax payable, value of exempt supplies of services provided by way of extending deposits, loans or advances in so far as the consideration is represented by way of interest or discount; and value of the first supplies from 1st of April till the date when the taxpayer becomes liable for registration shall not be taken into account.

      [92]

      3

      A proviso and an explanation is being inserted in section 22 of the CGST Act so as to provide for higher threshold exemption limit from ₹ 20 lakhs to such amount not exceeding ₹ 40 lakhs in case of supplier who is engaged in exclusive supply of goods. 

      [93]

      4

      New sub-sections are being inserted in section 25 of the CGST Act to make Aadhaar authentication mandatory for specified class of new taxpayers and to prescribe the manner in which certain class of registered taxpayers are required to undergo Aadhaar authentication.

      [94]

      5

      A new section 31A is being inserted in the CGST Act so that specified suppliers shall have to mandatorily give the option of specified modes of electronic payment to their recipients.

      [95]

      6

      Section 39 of the CGST Act  is being amended so as to allow the composition taxpayers to furnish annual return along with quarterly payment of taxes; and other specified taxpayers may be given the option for quarterly or monthly furnishing of returns and payment of taxes under the proposed new return system.

      [96]

      7

      New provisos are being inserted in sub-section (1) of section 44 of the CGST Act so as to empower the Commissioner to extend the due date for furnishing Annual return (prescribed FORM GSTR-9/9A) and reconciliation statement (prescribed  FORM GSTR-9C).

      [97]

      8

      New sub-sections are being inserted in section 49 of the CGST Act to provide a facility to the registered person to transfer an amount from one (major or minor) head to another (major or minor) head in the electronic cash ledger.

      [98]

      9

      New proviso in sub-sections (1) is being inserted in section 50 of the CGST Act so as to provide for charging  interest only on the net cash tax liability, except in those cases where returns are filed subsequent to initiation of any proceedings under section 73 or 74 of the CGST Act.

      [99]

      10

      New provisos are being inserted in sub-sections (4) and (5) of section 52 of the CGST Act so as to empower the Commissioner to extend the due date for furnishing of monthly and annual statement by the person collecting tax at source.

      [100]

      11

      A new section 53A is being inserted in the CGST Act so as to   provide for transfer of amount between Centre and States consequential to amendment in section 49 of the CGST Act allowing transfer of an amount from one head to another head in the electronic cash ledger of the registered person .

      [101]

      12

      New sub-section (8A) is being inserted in section 54 of the CGST Act so as to provide that the Central Government may disburse refund amount to the taxpayers in respect of refund of State taxes as well.

      [102]

      13

      New clause (f) is being inserted in section 95 of the CGST Act to define the “National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling”.

      [103]

      14

      New sections 101A, 101B and 101C are being inserted in the CGST Act so as to provide for constitution, qualification, appointment, tenure, conditions of services of the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling; to provide for procedures to be followed for hearing appeals against conflicting advance rulings pronounced on the same question by the Appellate Authorities of two or more States or Union territories in case of distinct persons; and to provide that the National Appellate Authority shall pass order within a period of ninety days from the date of filing of the appeal respectively.

      [104]

      15

      Section 102 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to allow the National Appellate Authority to amend any order passed by it so as to rectify any error apparent on the face of the record, within a period of six months from the date of the order, except under certain specified circumstances.

      [105]

      16

      Section 103 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that the advance ruling pronounced by the National Appellate Authority shall be binding, unless there is a change in law or facts, on the applicants, being distinct person and all registered persons having the same Permanent Account Number and on the concerned officers or the jurisdictional officers in respect of the said applicants and the registered persons having the same Permanent Account Number. 

      [106]

      17

      Section 104 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that advance ruling pronounced by the National Appellate Authority shall be void where the ruling has been obtained by fraud or suppression of material facts or misrepresentation of facts.

      [107]

      18

      Section 105 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that the National Appellate Authority shall have all the powers of a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 for the purpose of exercising its powers under the Act.

      [108]

      19

      Section 106 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide that the National Appellate Authority shall have power to regulate its own procedure.

      [109]

      20

      Consequent to the amendments in section 44 and section 52 of the CGST Act, section 168 is being amended so as to specify that in respect of sub-section (1) of section 44 and subsections (4) and (5) of section 52, Commissioner or Joint Secretary shall exercise the powers specified in the said sections with the approval of the Board.

      [110]

      21

      Section 171 of  the CGST Act is being amended so as to empower the National Anti-profiteering Authority (under sub-section (2) of section 171 of the Act) to impose penalty equivalent to 10% of the profiteered amount.

      [111]

       

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      ActsIncome Tax