Use of movable assets perquisite taxed at prescribed annual percentage with pro rata computation for period of employer-provided use. Use of moveable assets provided by an employer is a taxable perquisite valued by applying a prescribed annual percentage of the asset's cost, with a pro rata adjustment for the actual days of employee use within the year (annual percentage of cost x days of use/365).
Perquisite valuation for motor car under Rule 3(2): employer reimbursements reduced by official-use deduction, affecting taxable perquisite. Valuation of a motor car perquisite requires deducting the official-use portion from employer reimbursements before treating the balance as a taxable perquisite; absent a log book a fixed deduction method is applied, while contemporaneous usage evidence permits apportionment of the reimbursement by the documented official-use percentage.
Perquisite valuation of employer provided motor car treats engine capacity, driver cost, recoveries and private use depreciation. Perquisite valuation for employer provided motor cars uses a fixed monthly valuation for car and driver where engine capacity falls below the higher threshold; recoveries from the employee do not reduce that fixed valuation. If the vehicle is used exclusively for private purposes, the taxable perquisite is calculated as annual depreciation plus petrol, driver and maintenance costs, minus any amount recovered from the employee.
Rent-free accommodation valuation: taxable value is the lower of a percentage of salary or employer-paid rent for perquisite computation. Taxable value of a rent-free accommodation perquisite is the lower of (a) 15% of salary (computed as basic salary plus DA plus commission) and (b) employer paid annual rent. In the example the aggregated annual basic, DA and commission are used to calculate the 15% benchmark, which is then compared with the annual lease rent to determine the taxable perquisite.
Taxable value of rent-free accommodation set at a percentage of salary when city population exceeds threshold. Taxable perquisite for rent free accommodation is computed by applying the population based percentage to Salary, defined to include Basic, DA (forming part of salary) and Commission; the taxable value equals the prescribed percentage of that aggregated salary.
House Rent Allowance exemption under section 10(13A) requires choosing the minimum of three salary-based tests to determine taxable HRA. The exemption under section 10(13A) and Rule 2A is the minimum of actual HRA received, rent paid in excess of ten percent of salary, and the prescribed percentage of salary. In the example actual HRA is 36,000; excess rent over ten percent of salary is 26,400; forty percent of salary is 38,400. The exempt amount is therefore 26,400 and the remaining 9,600 is included in gross salary.
Voluntary retirement compensation tax treatment: exemption limited by statutory ceiling formulas; excess is treated as taxable salary. Computation of taxability of voluntary retirement compensation is governed by a statutory exemption limited by prescribed ceiling formulas and the principle that the exempt amount is the lesser of specified sums. In the example, compensation received of 700,000 gives an exempt amount of 500,000 under the statutory ceiling, leaving 200,000 as taxable salary under the governing exemption provision and associated rules.
Retrenchment compensation exemption under Sec. 10(10B): apply least-of-three test for calculating taxable retrenchment; excess taxable. Computation of retrenchment compensation exemption under Sec. 10(10B): compute the three comparator sums using the employee's service length and salary components, take the least of those sums as exempt. In the example the exempt amount is Rs. 4,32,692 and the remaining Rs. 5,67,308 of the retrenchment payment is taxable.
Leave salary exemption under section 10(10AA) limited by average salary and statutory caps, yielding the lowest applicable ceiling. Computation of leave salary exemption under section 10(10AA) requires determining average salary by annualising ten months' basic pay plus the proportion of dearness allowance included for retirement benefits and dividing by ten. Unavailed leave months equal total entitlement minus leaves taken and leaves earlier encashed. The exempt leave salary is the least of (unavailed months x average salary), (ten months' average salary), and the statutory ceilings; the example selects the lowest applicable ceiling as exempt.
Commuted pension tax treatment: part exempt, part taxable; exemption reduced where gratuity is received. Uncommuted pension is fully taxable as salary; commuted pension is partly exempt and partly taxable. Compute a notional full pension value from the commuted payment and apply an exemption fraction: if no gratuity is received, one half of the notional full pension value is exempt; if gratuity is received, one third is exempt. The remainder of the commuted payment is chargeable to tax as salary and must be added to taxable uncommuted pension to determine total taxable pension income.
Gratuity exemption: least of three test determines exempt portion for noncovered employers; excess gratuity is taxable. Gratuity from a noncovered employer is exempt to the extent of the least of three amounts: the service based fraction computed from the average monthly salary (which includes basic pay, one month's dearness allowance, and average monthly commission), the statutory monetary ceiling, and the gratuity actually received; any excess over that exempt amount is taxable.
Gratuity exemption: part determined by 15 days salary times completed years, excess treated as taxable salary. Gratuity exemption is determined by taking the least of: the product of 15 days' salary and completed years of service, the statutory ceiling, and the gratuity received. Completed years may be rounded to include qualifying months. The exempt portion is that least amount; any excess over the exempt amount is taxable as salary income in the assessment year.
Gratuity exemption under Section 10(10)(i) remains available even if retiree accepts private sector employment after retirement. Gratuity paid to a government employee on retirement is fully exempt from income tax under the governing gratuity exemption provision, and that exemption remains available even if the retiree subsequently accepts employment in the private sector.
Prospective effect of administrative circulars: "henceforth" signals non-retrospective application, barring past-duty demands. When the Board uses language such as "henceforth" a circular is to be treated as having prospective effect; consequently, if the Board did not intend retrospective application, the circular cannot support demands for duties predating its issuance.
Refund of application fee: advance ruling applications are not refundable even if the applicant withdraws the application. There is no statutory or regulatory provision permitting refund of fees paid for advance-ruling applications; fees are retained and not returned on withdrawal, a position noted in the Service Tax Practice Manual and reflected in the Authority for Advance Rulings decision cited.
Advance ruling review barred except when ruling procured by fraud or misrepresentation, enabling annulment under law. The Authority for Advance Rulings lacks jurisdiction to reconsider or review its own ruling absent a substantiated mistake of law or fact or a mistake apparent from the record warranting rectification or amendment under the procedural regulations; however, a previously announced ruling may be declared void ab initio if it is shown to have been obtained by fraud or misrepresentation of facts.
Advance ruling jurisdiction excludes Board circulars; notifications by the government are distinct and control admissibility. Advance ruling jurisdiction does not extend to Board circulars because the statute expressly contemplates government notifications for advance-ruling purposes while omitting circulars; the power to issue circulars is conferred on the Board under the Central Excise framework made applicable to service tax, whereas notification-making power in the service-tax provisions is vested in the Central Government, producing a statutory limitation on advance-ruling admissibility.
Government company eligibility for advance ruling confirmed; subsidiaries retain separate legal personality and may also apply. A government company is eligible to apply for an advance ruling and a subsidiary of a government company may also file because the holding company and each subsidiary are separate legal entities with independent rights to apply; a step-down subsidiary falls within the definition of an applicant, rendering its advance-ruling application maintainable.
Writ remedy against advance rulings where no statutory appeal exists; seek High Court review under constitutional writ jurisdiction. No statutory appeal exists against orders of the Advance Ruling Authority; the available remedial route is a writ petition invoking constitutional writ jurisdiction in the appropriate High Court. The Supreme Court has indicated parties should approach the High Court rather than seek direct original jurisdiction at the apex court, and courts are urged to allocate and expedite fiscal writ matters.
Appeal on new grounds barred where party lacks aggrievement; omitted issues may be raised later upon arising. An appellant cannot maintain an appeal on entirely new grounds if the assessing or appellate authority has approved the assessee's classification or fully allowed the revenue's prayer, because there is no aggrievement; however, issues not considered by the tribunal may be agitated later when a cause of action arises.
Facility of Form SUGAM (ITR-4) - List of person who are eligible and who are not eligible to avail the facility of simple ITR-4 SUGAM form - For the AY 2019-20
5 April, 2019
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Eligibility for SUGAM ITR-4: resident individuals, HUFs and resident firms with presumptive business income may use the simplified return. Eligibility to file Form SUGAM (ITR-4) is limited to resident individuals, resident HUFs (other than not ordinarily resident), and resident firms ... Summary
Eligibility for SUGAM ITR-4: resident individuals, HUFs and resident firms with presumptive business income may use the simplified return.
Eligibility to file Form SUGAM (ITR-4) is limited to resident individuals, resident HUFs (other than not ordinarily resident), and resident firms (excluding LLPs) deriving business or professional income computed under presumptive provisions of sections 44AD, 44ADA or 44AE. Explicit exclusions bar persons with foreign assets/signing authority/income, directorships, unlisted equity holdings in the previous year, income above the prescribed limit, more than one taxable house property, brought forward or carry forward losses, assessments where tax was deducted in another's hands, claims under double taxation provisions or deduction under section 91, certain agricultural income, and incomes taxable under specified special heads.
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