Retrenchment compensation classification determines tax exemption for BSNL workforce-reduction payments and separates leave encashment from voluntary-retirement relief.

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....Tax treatment of payments under restructuring or voluntary-retirement schemes depends on their statutory substance rather than labels such as VRS or ex gratia. Retrenchment-linked compensation under a Central Government-approved special-protection scheme may fall within section 10(10B), rather than the limited section 10(10C) regime and Rule 2BA conditions. Leave encashment is a distinct terminal receipt governed by section 10(10AA): Government employees receive full coverage, while other employees are subject to earned-leave, salary, aggregation and notified-limit conditions. Notification No. 31/2023 specifies a twenty-five-lakh limit for non-Government employees, effective from 1 April 2023. Settlement components and supporting records should be separately identified.....