Preferential customs duty benefit survives curable Certificate of Origin defects when valid revised certificates establish undisputed product origin.

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....Preferential customs duty benefit may remain available where revised or rectified Certificates of Origin are submitted within the prescribed period and the goods' origin and certificate authenticity are undisputed. The discussion states that origin rules permit replacement of erroneous certificates and retrospective issuance, and that procedural discrepancies should be read harmoniously with domestic verification requirements rather than extinguish substantive treaty benefits. It also notes that subsequent submission of a valid certificate can cure format-related defects, including under third-party invoicing arrangements, without altering origin, value or goods description. On the stated facts, denial of concessional duty was treated as unsustainable and the related duty demand, interest and penalties were set aside.....