TaxTMI 
TaxTMI 
2025 (12) TMI 1283
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...., 2024 ('DRP Directions) issued by the Hon'ble Dispute Resolution Panel, Bengaluru ("Hon'ble DRP), and under section 143(3) read with section 144C(13) read with section 1448 of the Act is arbitrary contrary to law and liable to be quashed. II. Legal Ground 2. On the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the final assessment order dated 23 October 2024, passed by the Ld. AO under section 143(3) r.w.s. 144C (13) r.w.s. 1448 of the Act is barred by limitation under section 153 of the Act, and is thus void, bad in law and liable to be quashed. III. TRANSFER PRICING (TP) ADJUSTMENT TOWARDS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ENABLED SERVICES ("ITeS") 3. On the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Hon'ble DRP erred in upholding the action of the Leamed Transfer Pricing Officer ('Ld. TPO')/ Ld. AO in making a transfer pricing adjustment of INR 8,60,80,441 towards provision of ITes. 4. On the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Hon'ble DRP/Ld. AO/TPO have further erred in : a. rejecting the economic analysis carried out in TP documentation which was maintained in good faith and with du....
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....vables 7. On the facts arid circumstances of the case and in law, the Hon'ble DRP/Ld. AO/Ld. TPO erred in making an adjustment of INR 6,98,209 towards interest on delayed receivables. 8. On the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Ld. DRP/Ld. AO/Ld. TPO have further erred in : a. treating outstanding receivables from Associated Enterprises ('AEs') as deferred payments; b. considering deferred receivables as a separate international transaction for arriving at an arm's length price: c. recharacterizing the trade receivables as unsecured loan extended to the AEs; d. not appreciating the fact that the working capital adjustment takes into account the impact of deferred receivables, if any, and 9. Without prejudice to Ground no. 7 & 8 above, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Ld. DRP /Ld. AO/Ld. TPO have erred in disregarding the following: a. in not netting of the receivables as against the payables for the assessee, and further in not restricting the benchmarking to the balance remnant only using LIBOR rate. b. Invoices with AEs are raised in ....
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.... Assessee has submitted that since the impugned order was passed on 23.10.2024, therefore, the same is barred by limitation and liable to be quashed. Thus, the Learned Counsel for the Assessee has submitted that as per sub- sec.(2) of sec.144C, the Assessing Officer has to give 30 days time period to the assessee to file acceptance or it's objections with the DRP before the limitation period provided u/sec.153(4) expires. In support of his contention, he has relied upon the Judgment of Hon'ble Madras High Court in the case of CIT vs., Roca Bathroom Products (P.) Ltd., [2022] 445 ITR 537 (Madras) as well as the Judgment of Hon'ble Bombay High Court in the case of Shelf Drilling Ron Tappmeyer Ltd., vs., ACIT, International Taxation [2023] 457 ITR 161 (Bombay). Thus, the Learned Counsel for the Assessee has submitted that the overall limitation for passing the assessment order cannot be exceeded as provided u/sec.153(1) read with sub-sec.(4) of said Section and the limitation as provided u/sec.144C(13) is only a restriction on the Assessing Officer to pass the final order within one month from the receipt of the Directions of the DRP and not enlarging the limitation which is provided ....
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....he matter is referred to the TPO u/sec.92CA of the Act, this period of limitation is further extended by a period of 12 months as per sub-sec.(4) of sec.153. The learned DR has further submitted that as per the special provisions u/sec.144C, the assessee is having an option to accept the Draft Assessment Order and variations in the draft assessment or to object the same by filing objections before the DRP or to the Assessing Officer for going to challenge the order of the Assessing Officer under regular appeal before the learned CIT(A). Therefore, once the assessee decided to go for the objections before the DRP, the limitation for completing the assessment is applicable as provided u/sec.144C(13) of the Act. Thus, the learned DR has submitted that once the Final Assessment Order is passed within the period of 30 days from the receipt of the DRP directions, then, it is well within the period of limitation provided u/sec.144C(13) of the Act. The learned DR has further submitted that this issue is pending adjudication before the Hon'ble Supreme Court. Earlier the Division Bench of the Hon'ble Supreme Court has given divergent decisions and, therefore, now this controversy has to be r....
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....vided that in respect of an order of assessment relating to the assessment year commencing on the 1st day of April, 2018, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect, as if for the words "twenty-one months", the words "eighteen months" had been substituted: Provided further that in respect of an order of assessment relating to the assessment year commencing on - (i) the 1st day of April, 2019, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect, as if for the words "twenty-one months", the words "twelve months" had been substituted. (ii) the 1st day of April, 2020, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect, as if for the words "twenty-one months", the words "eighteen months" had been substituted. Provided also that in respect of an order of assessment relating to the assessment year commencing on the 1st day of April, 2021, the provisions of this sub-section shall have effect, as if for the words "twenty-one months", the words "nine months" had been substituted: Provided also that in respect of an order of assessment relating to the assessment year commencing on the 1st day of April, 2022, the provisions of this sub-....
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....ction 264 shall be made within the time specified in sub- section (3)." 8. A co-joined reading of sub-sec.(1) with third proviso of this sub-section of sec.153 makes it clear that in normal course, no order of assessment shall be made after the expiry of 9 months from the end of the assessment year in which the income was first assessable. The third proviso is relevant for the case in hand because the assessment year under consideration is 2021-2022 and, therefore, the period of 21 months from the end of the assessment year is reduced to 9 months. Sub-sec.(4) contemplates the cases where a reference u/sec.92CA(1) is made during the course of assessment proceedings, then, the period available for completion of the assessment shall be extended by 12 months. It is an undisputed fact that the present case is falling in the category of an "eligible assessee" where reference u/sec.92CA(1) was made by the Assessing Officer to the TPO and, therefore, the time limit for completing the assessment was extended by 12 months whereby the Assessing Officer was required to complete the assessment by 31.12.2023. The Assessing Officer has passed the Final Assessment Order on 18.10.2024 in p....
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....ded within a reasonable time. 20. As rightly contended by the learned senior counsels and affirmed by the Learned Judge, the DRP proceedings is a continuation of assessment proceedings. To put it further, it is a part of assessment proceedings, once the objections are filed and under section 144C(12) a period of 9 months is prescribed. within which, directions are in be issued by the DRP, falling which any directions are to be treated as otiose. As seen from the timeline discussed in the earlier paragraphs, the original assessment proceedings are to be completed within 21 months and the additional time of 12 months is granted when proceedings before TPO is pending. The TPO has to pass orders before 60 days prior to the last date. Then 30 days time is given to the assessee to file their objection before the DRP and the DRP is given 9 months time and thereafter, within one month from the end of the month of receipt of directions from DRP, the final order is to be passed. This court is not in consonance with the contention of the learned senior panel counsel for the appellants revenue that the time period of 33 months, provided initially is for the draft order and not for the....
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....ection 153 or Section 153 B is for a limited purpose to ensure that dehors larger time is available, an order based on the directions of the DRP has to be passed within 30 days from the end of the month of receipt of such directions. The section and the sub-section have to be read as a whole with connected provisions to decipher the meaning and intentions. At this juncture it would be useful to refer to the following decisions: (i) Suliana Begum v. Prem Chand Join [1997] 1 SCC 373 at page 381: "11. The statute has to be read as a whole to find out the real intention of the legislature. 12. In Canado Sugar Refining Co. v. R. [1898 AC 735:67 LJPC 125), Lord Davy observed "Every clause of a statute should be construed with reference to the context and other clauses of the Act, so as, as far as possible, to make a consistent enactment of the whole statute or series of statutes relating to the subject-matter." ............... 14. This rule of construction which is also spoken of as "ex visceribus actus" helps in avoiding any inconsistency either within a section or between two different sections or provisions of the same statute. 15.....
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.... avoid a head-on clash between two sections of the same Act. (See Sultana Begum v. Prem Chand Jain [(1997) 1 SCC 373: AIR 1997 SC 1006])." (iii) Franklin Templeton Trustee Services (P.) Lid. v. Amruta Garg [2021] 124 taxmann.com 326/164 SCL 720: "17. The concept of "absurdity" in the context of interpretation of statutes is construed to include any result which is unworkable, impracticable, illogical, futile or pointless, artificial, or productive of a disproportionate counter-mischief [See Bennion on Statutory Interpretation, 5th Edn., p. 969.]. Logic referred to herein is not formal or syllogistic logic, but acceptance that enacted law would not set a standard which is palpably unjust, unfair, unreasonable or does not make any sense. [Bennion on Statutory Interpretation, 5th Edn., p. 986.) When an interpretation is beset with practical difficulties, the courts have not shied from turning sides to accept an interpretation that offers a pragmatic solution that will serve the needs of society [Id, p. 971, quoting Griffiths, L.J.J. Therefore, when there is choice between two interpretations, we would avoid a "construction" which would reduce the legislation to futil....
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....r appeals viz., W.A.No.1517/2021 etc. batch, the findings rendered above are equally applicable. In these cases, for the assessment year 2009-10, the order of remand to the Assessing officer was passed on 18-12-2015 and insofar as the assessment year 2010-11 is concerned, for one issue, it was passed on 18-12-2015 and for other two issues, it was passed on 23-9-2016 after the amendment, by which time, the time limit was brought dewn to 9 months. As such, fresh orders ought to have been passed before 31-3- 2017 for the assessment year 2009-10 and for one issue relating to the assessment year 2010-11 reckoning the 12 months from the financial year 2015- 16 and on or before 31-12-2017 reckoning 9 months from the financial year 2016-17. Therefore, the Assessing officer ought to have passed a draft assessment order immediately and asked the assessee to file their objections with the DRP. For the mistake and the lapse of the Assessing officer, the vested right of the Assessee cannot be taken away. 26. We are not oblivious of the fact that any finding on the aspect of reasonableness in time in passing orders when no time is provided would be superfluous in view of our decision in....
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....ribed period for recovery of the duty as contemplated by Rule 12, the officer may act arbitrarily in recovering the amount after lapse of long period of time. We find no substance in the submission. While it is true that Rule 12 does not prescribe any period within which recovery of any duty as contemplated by the rule is to be made, but that by itself does not render the rule unreasonable or violative of Article 14 of the Constitution. In the absence of any period of limitation it is settled that every authority is to exercise the power within a reasonable period. What would be reasonable period, would depend upon the facts of each case. Whenever a question regarding the inordinate delay in issuance of notice of demand is raised, it would be open to the assessee to contend that it is bad on the ground of delay and it will be for the relevant officer to consider the question whether in the facts and circumstances of the case notice of demand for recovery was made within reasonable period. No hard and fast rules can be laid down in this regard as the determination of the question will depend upon the facts of each case." (iii) State of Punjab v. Bhatinda District Co-op. Mil....
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.... 23. The question as to what would be the reasonable period did not fall for consideration therein. The binding precedent of this Court, some of which had been referred to us hereto before, had not been considered. The counsel appearing for the parties were remiss in bringing the same to the notice of this Court. Furthermore, from a perusal of the impugned notice dated 4-9-2006, it is apparent that the revisional authority did not assign any reason as to why such a notice was being issued after a period of 5% years. Generally, no hard and fast rule can be laid down to indicate what is a reasonable time. It though depends upon the facts of the each case, drawing a clue from Article 113 of the Limitation Act, the residual entry, it would be reasonable to conclude that in such cases, action is to be concluded within 3 years. Needless to say, if the statute prescribes shorter period, the doctrine of reasonable time will not be applicable and the timeline under the statute is to be strictly followed. 27. For the reasons set out herein before, we conclude as under : a) The provisions of Sections 144C and 153 are not mutually exclusive, but are rather mut....
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....e nature of restricting the time period, within which, the Assessing Officer is required to pass the Final Assessment Order after the Directions of the DRP and not enlarging the limitation provided u/sec. 153 of the Act. 10. Similar view has been taken by the Hon'ble Bombay High Court in the case of Shelf Drilling Ron Tappmeyer Ltd., vs., ACIT, International Taxation (supra) in Paras-23 to 34 as under: "23. No doubt, section 144C of the Act is a self contained code of assessment and time limits are inbuilt at each stage of the procedure contemplated. Section 144C envisions a special assessment, one which includes the determination of Arms Length Price (ALP) of international transactions engaged in by the assessee. The DRP was constituted bearing in mind the necessity for an expert body to look into intricate matters concerning valuation and transfer pricing and it is for this reason that specific timelines have been drawn within the framework of section 1440 to ensure prompt and expeditious finalisation of this special assessment. The purpose is to fast-track a special type of assessment. That cannot be considered to mean that overall time limits prescribed ha....
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.... on which the order is received by the Principal Commissioner or Commissioner or where the period commencing from the date on which an application made before the Authority for Advance Rulings or before the Board for Advance Rulings under sub-section of section 2450 of the Act and ending with the date on which the Advance Ruling pronounced by it is received by the Commissioner or where reference for exchange for information is made by an authority competent under an agreement referred to in section 90 or section 90A of the Act or where a reference for declaration of an arrangement to be an impermissible avoidance arrangement is received by the Principal Commissioner etc, shall be excluded. There is no mention anywhere about section 144C of the Act. 26. If we accept the submissions of Shri Suresh Kumar that when there is a remand as in this case, the AO is unfettered by limitation, it would run counter to the avowed object of provisions that were considered while framing the provisions of section 144C of the Act. Having set time limits every step of the way, it does not stand to reason that proceedings on remand to the AO may be done at leisure sans the imposition of any ti....
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....pass the final order under sub-section (13) of section 144C within 12 months period. 30. The exclusion of applicability of section 153, in so far as non- obstante clause in sub-section (13) of section 144C is concerned, it is for limited purpose to ensure that debers larger time available, an order hased on the directions of the DRP has to be passed within 30 days from the end of the receipt of such directions The section and sub-section have to be read as a whole with connected provisions to decipher the meaning and intentions. 31. We would also observe that a similar non-obstante clause is also used in section 144C(4) of the Act with the same limited purpose to imply, even though there might be a larger time limit under section 153, once the matter is remanded to AD by the ITAT under section 254, the process to pass final order under section 144C has to be taken immediately 32. The object is to conclude the proceedings as expeditiously as possible. There is a limit prescribed under the statute for the AO and therefore, it is his duty to pass an order in time. After 30th September 2021, the AO will have no authority to pass any final assessment order in ....
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.... is as under: "15. What is worrying this Bench more is the fact that an endeavour is being made whole heartedly to ensure not to generate further litigation on issues which have been laid to rest by a large number of High Courts all of whom have taken a consistent stand that the action of the Income Tax Department being violative of the Finance Act, 2020 and Finance Act, 2021. Now, in order to protect the interest of the Revenue as also that of the assessee, it would be trite at this juncture, if we dispose of the writ petition with an observation/direction that the disposal of the instant writ petition in terms of the judgment rendered by this High Court in the case of Kankanala Ravindra Reddy (1 supra) shall however be subject to the outcome of the SLPs which were filed by the Income Tax Department and which is pending consideration before the Hon'ble Supreme Court. 16. In the given facts and circumstances, this Bench is of the considered opinion that unless and until we do not timely dispose of matters which are squarely covered by the decision of this Court and which stands fortified by the decisions of the various other High Courts on the very same issue,....
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.... Income Tax Department, we make it clear that allowing of the instant writ petition is subject to outcome of the aforesaid SLP preferred by the Revenue against the decision of this High Court in the case of Kanakala Ravindra Reddy (1 supra). This, in other words, would mean that either of the parties, if they so want, may move an appropriate petition seeking revival of this writ petition in the light of the decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the pending SLP on the very same issue. 14. Accordingly, we dispose of this appeal on this legal issue and keep open the other issues raised by the assessee on the merits if the Hon'ble Supreme Court decides this issue otherwise. 15. In the result, appeal of the Assessee is allowed" 7. In the case in hand, the limitation as per sec.153 including the extension of time period in sub-sec.(4) of sec.153 for passing the assessment order expires on 31.12.2023. However, the Assessing Officer has passed the assessment order on 23.10.2024 which is barred by limitation. Accordingly, following the Judgment of Hon'ble Madras High Court in the case of CIT vs., Roca Bathroom Products (P.) Ltd., [2022] 445 ITR 537 (Madras); ....