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2013 (1) TMI 738
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....respondents that the respondent No.1 together with its affiliates is engaged in the business of publication and distribution of magazines and journals internationally. The respondent No.2 is the wholly owned subsidiary of the respondent No.1 as also the licensed/permitted user of trade mark of the respondent No.1, having its branch office at Unit No.15, First Floor, Plot No.D-2, Southern Park, Saket Business District, New Delhi-110017. Since last several years the respondent No.1 has been selling fashion and lifestyle magazine under the trade mark „VOGUE‟ in around 145 countries including India. Since the year 1976, the respondent No.1 is the registered proprietor of trade mark „VOGUE‟ in India in relation to publications. Since the year 2007 the respondent No.2 is publishing a magazine under the trade name „VOGUE INDIA‟ at Mumbai and selling and distributing the same from its branch office at New Delhi. The appellant is a limited company engaged in the business of retail of various luxury brands of watches, jewelry, perfumes, cosmetics, writing instruments, crystals and leather goods in India. In or around January, 2009 the respondent No.1 came ....
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.... a magazine under the trade mark „VOGUE INDIA‟ in Mumbai. The second Plaintiff is distributing and selling the magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟ from its branch office at New Delhi. The first issue of the magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟ (October 2007) was launched in the Indian market on September 21, 2007. Prior to the launch of the Indian edition of the second Plaintiff‟s magazine in 2007, „VOGUE‟ magazine was imported in India. Details of circulations of the Plaintiff‟s publication under the trade mark „VOGUE‟ in India are given herein below:- YEAR SUBSCRIPTIONS NEWS STANDS xxx xxx 33. That this Hon‟ble Court has jurisdiction ....
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....of the appellants herein. Without going into the merits of the case and in view of a recent decision of this Court in the case of Bajaj Auto Limited Vs. TVS Motor Company (2009) 9 SCC 797, following an earlier decision, in the case of Shree Vardhman Rice & General Mills Vs. Amar Singh Chawalwala (2009) 10 SCC 257, we set aside the interim orders dated 18.11.2009 passed by the Division Bench as well as the order dated 13.11.2009 passed by the learned Single Judge. As observed by this Court in the aforesaid two decisions, the matters relating to trademarks, copyrights and patents should be finally decided very expeditiously by the Trial Court and preferably within four months instead of merely granting or refusing to grant a temporary injunction. There should also be day- to-day hearing in such suits vide proviso (a) to Order XVIII Rule 1(2) CPC. Accordingly, in the facts of the present case also, we request the learned Single Judge of the High Court to decide afresh the application for injunction within six weeks and the suit itself expeditiously and preferably within a period of four months from the date a copy of this order is produced before it. The learned Single Judge ....
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.... and processed at Mumbai; (vii) the claim made in the plaint that the respondent No.2 sells and distributes the magazine of the respondent No.1 from its branch office at Delhi is false for the reason a perusal of the disclosures contained in the said magazine reveals that said magazine is being distributed by a separate entity known as „Living Media India Ltd‟; (viii) in view of the law laid down by the Supreme Court in the decision reported as (1994) 4 SCC 225 Morgan Stanley Mutual Fund v. Kartick Das that a corporation is deemed to carry on its business at its registered office only the mere assertion in the plaint that the respondent No.2 carries on its business from its branch office in Delhi is not sufficient to confer territorial jurisdiction upon this Court when there is no assertion in the plaint that a part of cause of action of filing the present suit has arisen in Delhi; and (ix) on two earlier occasions the respondents filed two suits in this Court for infringement of trade mark „VOGUE‟ against some other parties, being CS(OS) Nos.187/2008 and 1792/2008. Whereas in CS(OS) No.187/2008 the plaint was returned by this Court for filing the same in a ....
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....e filed within ten days of receipt of the written statement. (iii) The parties and their representatives shall convene in the High Court Bar Room No.18 for inspection of documents filed by the opposite side, on 10.02.2010 at 3.00 pm. (iv) The parties shall also bring original documents to court, which, if necessary, would be examined at the time of hearing. Renotify on 18.02.2010 for hearing." (Emphasis Supplied) 11. On February 04, 2010 the appellant filed its written statement essentially reiterating the averments made in the I.A. Nos.343/2007 and 344/2007 as also to the reply to I.A. Nos.14609/2009 filed by the respondents. It would be relevant to note following portion of the written statement filed by the appellant:- "Preliminary Objections: 1. At the outset, it is most respectfully submitted that the present suit is not maintainable in Delhi, as the Defendant is a Company registered in Mumbai and is carrying on its business activities through a chain of retail outlets spread across 12 cities in India. The Defendant neither carries on its business in Delhi nor effects sale of any of its products in Delhi and therefore, no cause of action has arisen in Delh....
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....from this Hon‟ble Court and the plaint, deserves to be dismissed. xxx 6. That the disclosures made in the publication „VOGUE INDIA‟ reveal that the registered office of the Plaintiff No.2 is at Mumbai, the magazine is published at 2 nd Floor, Darabshaw House, Ballard Estate, Mumbai, the magazine is printed by Thomson Press India Ltd. on behalf of the Plaintiff No.2 at Mumbai and the magazine is processed by Combart Lithographers having offices at Mumbai. Hence it can rightly be concluded that essential part of operations with regard to the Plaintiff‟s magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟ are carried out in Mumbai. Therefore, merely because the Plaintiff No.2‟s has its branch office in Delhi cannot be considered as sufficient ground for invoking the jurisdiction under Section 134 of the Act. 7. The Plaintiffs have falsely contended that Plaintiff No.2 is distributing and selling the magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟ from its branch office in Delhi. As per the disclosures in the magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟, the magazine is distributed and sold by a separate entity „Living Media India Ltd.‟ and not Plaintiff No.2. Moreover, the ....
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....bai and therefore the invocation of the jurisdiction of the Courts in Delhi is clearly malafide. It is incorrect and hence denied that the Plaintiff No.2 is distributing and selling the magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟ from its branch office at New Delhi. The distribution of the magazine is carried out by one „Living Media India Ltd.‟, which is a separate legal entity distinct from the Plaintiffs herein. No documents evidencing alleged distribution of the magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟ from its Delhi office have been placed on record. The Plaintiffs have failed to furnish any document in support of its claim of the import of the magazine „VOGUE‟ in India prior to its official launch in the Indian market on 21st September 2007. The Plaintiff has, in support of its purported circulation in India, relied upon the circulation figures of its magazine in India as shown in the tabular chart outlined in the paragraph under reply. The contents of the said chart are strongly disputed by the Defendant as the same are unverified and unsubstantiated and therefore cannot be read as proof of the circulation of the magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟. The veracity of t....
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....aint are incorrect and hence denied. It is incorrect and hence denied that this Hon‟ble Court has the jurisdiction to entertain and try the present suit. It is incorrect and hence denied that the Plaintiff No.1, through Plaintiff No.2, carries on business within the territorial jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. The contents of the preliminary objections and submissions may kindly be read as an integral part of the reply to the paragraph. No evidence of Plaintiff No.2 carrying on any and what business in Delhi has been placed on record. The Plaintiff No.2 is a company having its registered office in Mumbai." (Emphasis Supplied) 12. On February 17, 2010 the respondents filed a replication reiterating the contents of the plaint filed by them. In addition thereto, it was contended by the respondents therein that:- (i) the magazine published by the respondent No.1 under the trade name „VOGUE INDIA‟ is freely available within the territorial jurisdiction of this Court; (ii) the fact that the appellant had filed the application for registration of its trade name „JUST IN VOGUE‟ in Delhi makes it apparent that the appellant intends to use said tr....
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.... Hon‟ble Court under section 134(2) of the Trade Marks Act, 1999. Not only does the second Plaintiff have a branch office in Delhi but is also working for gain in Delhi. For this reason also this Hon‟ble Court has the jurisdiction to try the present suit. It is further denied that „VOGUE INDIA‟ is not the subject matter of the dispute. it is denied that no essential part of operations of the business is carried out by the second Plaintiff from the Delhi office. Reply on merit 1. ..... 2. The contents of paragraph 2 are denied....The argument of the Defendant that the Plaintiffs have no locus standi to file the present suit of infringement in Delhi as the first Plaintiff does not carry business in India and the second Plaintiff is neither the registered proprietor nor registered user of the trade mark „VOGUE‟ and therefore the Plaint cannot be filed by the Plaintiffs invoking the provisions of section 134(2) of the Act is of no avail to the Defendant in as much as the first Plaintiff through its licensee namely, the second Plaintiff carries on its business within the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. Further the second Plaintiff h....
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....nd that the respondents have taken new pleas in their replication, which pleas are inconsistent with the case set up by the respondents in the plaint filed by them. The averments sought to be struck off by the appellant were:- (i) the magazine published by the respondent No.1 under the trade name „VOGUE INDIA‟ is freely available within the territorial jurisdiction of this Court; (ii) the fact that the appellant had filed the application for registration of its trade name „JUST IN VOGUE‟ in Delhi makes it apparent that the appellant intends to use said trade name within the territorial jurisdiction of this Court; and (iii) the fact that the respondent No.1‟s magazine „VOGUE INDIA‟ is freely available within the jurisdiction of this Court shows that the respondent No.1 is working for gain within the jurisdiction of this Court. 15. On the same date i.e. March 02, 2010 the appellant also filed an application under Order XI Rule 12 CPC, being I.A. No.2589/2010, seeking issuance of a direction to the respondents to produce amongst other documents: (i) a copy of the judgment and decree dated September 13, 2008 passed by the Additional Distr....
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....It is ordered accordingly. A copy of the aforementioned judgment has been handed over to the counsel for the defendant/applicant in Court, today. In so far as the statement of Mr Rohit Das i.e., DW3 is concerned, the same shall not form part of the record. The application is disposed of. CS (OS) No.2157/2009 With the consent of counsel for the parties, following issues were cast:- (i) Whether this Court has territorial jurisdiction to entertain and try the present suit? OPD (ii) Whether Plaintiff No.2 is a proper party or a necessary party? OPD (iii) Whether the suit by the Plaintiff No.2 is barred under Section 53 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999? OPD (iv) Whether Plaintiff No.1 is barred under Section 48(2) of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 from claiming benefit of the use of the mark „Vogue‟ by Plaintiff No.2? OPD (v) Whether the Plaint has been properly instituted and verified by a competent and authorized person on behalf of the Plaintiffs? OPD (vi) Whether the Plaintiffs are guilty of suppression of material facts and have not come to court with clean hands? OPD (vii) Whether the suit is barred on account of acquiescence, delay and laches? OPD ....
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....er Order XIII Rule 8 CPC, being I.A. No.5440/2007, seeking impounding of the license agreement dated February 01, 2007 entered between the respondents on the ground that the same is insufficiently stamped. The respondents filed a reply to the aforesaid application denying therein that the license agreement dated February 01, 2007 is insufficiently stamped. It would be relevant to note the following portion of said reply- "9. The jurisdiction issue in this matter is not limited to section 134(2) of the Trade Marks Act, 1999. The Plaintiffs have also stated that the Defendant has the intention to use the trademark in Delhi having filed an application for registration of the impugned mark without excluding Delhi from the territory in which the mark is to be used. The cause of action has therefore has also arisen within the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. The Defendant has since opened a store in the DLF Mall in Saket. Significantly, the store which has opened during the pendency of this suit does not use the word VOGUE as part of its name in a deliberate attempt to avoid the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. Although the name of the shop is JUST, the bags in which....
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....ing Pvt. Ltd. at the General Meetings of the appellant; and (v) the aforesaid facts were not known by the respondents at the time of filing of the suit despite exercise of due diligence. (Be it noted here that said averments were made in the paragraphs 7 to 15 of the application). 24. In addition to above, it was contended by the respondents in the aforesaid application (I.A. No.6309/2010) that:- (i) the appellant is operating a store at Central Mall, Gurgaon; (ii) the respondent No.2 carries on an essential part of publication of respondent No.1‟s magazine VOGUE INDIA from its office in Delhi; (iii) the persons employed by magazine VOGUE INDIA who are responsible for publication of said magazine are stationed at office of respondent No.2 in Delhi; (iv) the registered office of the exclusive distributor of magazine VOGUE INDIA viz. Living Media Pvt. Ltd. is at Delhi; (v) around eighty to eighty-five thousand copies of magazine VOGUE INDIA were sold in Delhi in the year 2009; (vi) the international editions of magazines VOGUE are freely available in India including Delhi; and (vii) the subscribers to the magazine VOGUE reside in Delhi. (Be it noted here that said averments ....
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....ntertain and try the present suit for the following reasons: * the first plaintiff through its wholly owned subsidiary and exclusive licensee the second plaintiff is carrying on business within the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. The second plaintiff has its branch office within the jurisdiction of this Court and its magazines under the trademark VOGUE are freely available within the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. * The defendant is servicing customers in Delhi through its store named JUST IN VOGUE in the Central Mall, Gurgaon which is a part of the National Capital Region. The cause of action has therefore arisen within the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. * The defendant is carrying on business at DLF PLACE MALL, Saket within the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court. The Defendant is also using bags carrying the trademark VOGUE at its said store and the cause of action has therefore arisen within the jurisdiction of this Hon‟ble Court." (Emphasis Supplied) 27. In addition thereto, the respondents sought to insert paragraph 29A in the plaint, which paragraph reads as under:- "29A. That the Plaintiffs learnt that the Defendant ....
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....Nos. 2322/2007 and 187/2008 on the request of the learned counsel for the defendant as a submission was made that the plaintiff herein had to withdraw the said suits on the ground of territorial jurisdiction; an aspect which was not disclosed by the plaintiff in the captioned suit. On 26.04.2010 accommodation was sought on the ground that the plaintiff‟s counsel was unwell. On that date once again a request was made by the counsel for the defendant for a direction to be issued to the registry for placing before court two other suits: i.e., CS(OS) No. 1792/2008, entitled Advance Magazine vs Kiran Palival; and CS(OS) No. 565/2009 entitled Advance Magazine vs Arvind Ltd. The directions, as requested, were issued. The matter was posted to 28.04.2010. On the said date the defendant moved an application being IA No. 5440/2010 under Order 13 Rule 8 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (in short „CPC‟) for impounding the plaintiff‟s license deed, which is, a subject matter of the present suit. Notice on this application was issued on the said date. The matter was posted on 05.05.2010. On the said date, since the reply to IA No. 5440/2010 was not on record, the matte....
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....ant. (In support of said contention, the appellant filed a copy of the Form 23AC filed by the company named Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. with the Registrar of Companies in the year 2008); (v) the mere fact that the purported holding company of the appellant Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. is carrying on business in Delhi does not imply that the appellant is carrying on business in Delhi for the appellant and Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. are 2 distinct legal entities; (vi) the mere factum of commonality of names and Directors of the appellant and Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. does not imply that the appellant is the subsidiary company of Priority Marketing; (vii) in view of the facts that Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. holds a mere 3% equity shares in the appellant and does not exercise any control over the composition of the Board of Directors of the appellant the appellant cannot be considered as a subsidiary company of Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. in terms of provisions of Section 4 of the Companies Act, 1956; (viii) the shop „JUST WATCHES‟ was opened on February 26, 2010 i.e. subsequent to the filing of the suit on November 11, 2009 and thus the factum of running of said s....
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.... of the records of the Defendant and Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. from the Sub Registrar of Companies. Such an online inspection would have inevitably also revealed company records of the Defendant and Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. for the subsequent years, which would confirm that the Defendant ceased to remain the subsidiary of Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. The conduct of the Plaintiffs in moving the present application at a belated stage in the proceedings for amendment to incorporate pleas which are false to the knowledge of the Plaintiffs smacks of mala fide intentions of the Plaintiffs and the same deserves to be dismissed with heavy costs. 9. ....... 10.The mere factum of commonality of names and Directors of the company does not imply that the Defendant is a subsidiary of „Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd.‟ It is stated that Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. holds a mere 3% (three) of the equity shares in the Defendant and does not exercise any control over the composition of the Board of Directors of the Defendant. The conditions as stipulated under Section 4 of the Companies Act, 1956 for a company to be considered a subsidiary of another is not fulfilled by the Def....
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.... 10.The contents of paragraph 10 of the Defendant are false to the knowledge of the Defendant and in any event denied. It is reiterated that the business of JUST watches in Delhi and Just in Vogue in Gurgaon is under the same management." 32. On August 18, 2011 the learned Single Judge heard arguments in I.A. No.6309/2009 i.e. the application seeking amendment of the plaint and impleadment of Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. as defendant No.2 in the suit and reserved the same for judgment. 33. Vide order dated November 18, 2011 the learned Single Judge allowed I.A. No.6309/2009 and impleaded „Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd.‟ as defendant No.2 in the suit. In so concluding, it was held by the learned Single Judge that:- (i) the proviso appended to Order VI Rule 17 CPC is no impediment in allowing an application for amendment of pleadings if the application deserves to be allowed on merits, otherwise, the proviso would be in direct conflict to the expression 'at any stage' occurring in Order VI Rule 17; (ii) it is open to a court including an appellate court to take notice of events which have happened after the institution of the suit and afford relief to the p....
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....hted that one of the averments made by the respondents in their replication was that the magazine „VOGUE‟ is freely available in India, which averment was sought to be struck off by the appellant by filing I.A. No.2588/2010 on the ground that said averment was beyond the scope of the plaint filed by the appellant. Vide order dated March 04, 2010 the learned Single Judge disposed off said application leaving it open for the appellant to raise all such objections which were the subject matter of the said application at the stage of final arguments. Counsel further highlighted that in order to defeat the objections which were the subject matter of I.A. No.2588/2010 the respondents have filed I.A. No.6309/2009 seeking amendment of plaint inasmuch as one of the amendments sought was that the magazine VOGUE is freely available in India. B. A perusal of I.A. No.6309/2009 filed by the respondents would show that under the garb of amendment of plaint the respondents have in a very subtle manner deleted paragraph 14 of the (original) plaint. Counsel contended that deletion of paragraph 14 of the (original) plaint by the respondents is very significant for the reason said parag....
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....personally works for gain. Explanation - For the purposes of sub-section (2), "person" includes the registered proprietor and the registered user." 38. Section 20 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 reads as under:- "20. Other suits to be instituted where defendants reside or cause of action arises - Subject to the limitations aforesaid, every suit shall be instituted in Court within the local limits of whose jurisdiction - (a) the defendant, or each of the defendants where there are more than one, at the time of the commencement of the suit, actually and voluntarily resides, or carries on business, or personally works for gain; or (b) any of the defendants, where there are more than one, at the time of the commencement of the suit actually resides, or carries on business, or personally works for gain, as aforesaid, acquiesce in such institution; or (c) the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises. Explanation - A corporation shall be deemed to carry on business at its sole or principal office in India, or in respect of any cause of action arising at any place where it has also a subordinate office, at such place." 39. Whether Section 134 of the Trade Mar....
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....the dominus litus, but he can file a suit only at one or the other places specified in the Code of Civil Procedure and not at any place where he desires. xxx xxx 11. Ordinarily, the rights and obligations of the parties are to be worked out with reference to the date of institution of the suit. See Jindal Vijayanagar Steel (JSW Steel Ltd.) Vs Jindal Praxair Oxygen Company Ltd. [2006(8)SCALE668] Determination in regard to maintainability of the suit, it is trite, must be made with reference to the date of the institution of the suit. If a cause of action arises at a later date, a fresh suit may lie but that would not mean that the suit which was not maintainable on the date of its institution, unless an exceptional case is made out therefore can be held to have been validly instituted. Discretion, as is well known, cannot be exercised, arbitrarily or capriciously." 44. Order VI Rule 17 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 as it originally stood enacted reads as under:- "17. Amendment of pleadings: - The Court may at any stage of the proceedings allow either party to alter or amend his pleadings in such manner and on such terms as may be just, and all such amendments shal....
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....te hearing of cases." 48. In the decision reported as Vidyabai & Ors v Padmalatha & Ors (2009) 2 SCC 409 the Supreme Court observed as under:- "It is couched in mandatory form. The court‟s jurisdiction to allow such an application is taken away unless the conditions precedent there are satisfied viz. it must come to a conclusion that in spite of due diligence the parties could not have raised the matter before the commencement of trial." 49. In the decision reported as (2009) 2 SCC 409 Vidyabai & Ors v. Padmalatha & Anr. after noting earlier decisions of the Supreme Court on the point it was held by the Supreme Court that the „trial‟ is deemed to commence when the issues are settled and the case is set down for recording of evidence. 50. In the decision reported as Chander Kanta‟s (supra) the Supreme Court interpreted the expression „due diligence‟ occurring in proviso appended to Order VI Rule 17 CPC in the following terms:- "16. The words „due diligence‟ has not been defined in the Code. According to Oxford Dictionary (Edition 2006), the word „diligence‟ means careful and persistent application or effort. ....
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....for amendment of plaint filed by them. 53. In a nutshell, the amendment(s) sought by the respondents in the plaint filed by them were as follows:- (a) respondent No.2 carries on an essential part of publication of respondent No.1‟s magazine VOGUE INDIA from its office in Delhi; (b) persons employed by magazine VOGUE INDIA who are responsible for said magazine are stationed at the office of the respondent No.2 in Delhi; (c) registered office of the exclusive distributor of magazine VOGUE INDIA viz. Living Media Pvt. Ltd. is at Delhi; (d) magazines VOGUE and VOGUE INDIA are freely available in India including Delhi; (e) magazine VOGUE INDIA is widely circulated in Delhi; (f) subscribers to the magazine VOGUE reside in Delhi; (g) appellant is operating a store at Central Mall, Gurgaon; and (h) holding company of the appellant viz. Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd.. is operating a store at DLF Mall, Saket which is using the trade mark VOGUE. Amendments (a) to (f):- 54. On November 12, 2009 the respondents filed the present suit alleging the infringement of its registered trade mark VOGUE by the appellant inter-alia contending therein that „this C....
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....nt filed its written statement reiterating therein that this Court has no territorial jurisdiction to try the present suit. Significantly, it was highlighted by the appellant in the written statement that paragraph 14 of the plaint which demonstrates paltry circulation of magazine VOGUE in India between the years 2000 to 2007 itself militates against the case set up by the respondents that magazine VOGUE INDIA was very widely circulated in India since last 2 decades. 59. On February 17, 2010 the respondents filed a replication emphasizing therein that this Court has territorial jurisdiction to try the present suit by averring that magazine VOGUE is freely available in Delhi. 60. On March 2, 2010 the appellant filed I.A. No.2588/2010 under Order VI Rule 16 CPC for striking out the averment contained in the replication that the magazine VOGUE is freely available in Delhi. On March 04, 2010 the learned Single Judge disposed of I.A. No.2588/2010 by leaving it open for the appellant to raise all such objections which are the subject matter of the present application at the stage of arguments. On the same date i.e. March 04, 2010 the learned Single Judge settled 14 issues in the su....
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.... the parties and examine the original documents filed by the parties, if necessary, at the time of hearing. Thus, the trial commenced in the present suit on March 04, 2010. 67. The respondents could have easily incorporated amendments (a) and (f) in the plaint filed by them but they failed to do so due to oversight and bona fide error. It is not the case of the respondents that in spite of exercise of due diligence they could not incorporate amendments (a) to (f) in the plaint filed by them. Such being the factual position, the application for amendment of plaint filed by the respondents in respect of amendments (a) to (f) could not have been allowed. Amendment (g) 68. As already noted hereinabove, the fact that the appellant is operating a retail store in Gurgaon came to the knowledge of the respondents on November 21, 2009 when the appellant filed a paper book in FAO (OS) No.559/2009 annexing therein the list of stores operated by the appellant. The trial in the present suit commenced on March 4, 2010. A period of nearly 4 months from the date of acquiring knowledge of said fact and commencement of trial in the suit. No reason whatsoever has been given by the responde....
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....of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 this Court has territorial jurisdiction to try the present suit inasmuch as holding company of the appellant Priority Marketing Pvt. Ltd. is operating a store in Delhi which is using trade mark VOGUE. 73. By means of amendment of plaint, the respondents sought to add a new ground for invocation of territorial jurisdiction of this Court in the plaint filed by them. 74. At this juncture, we note the dictum of law laid down by the Supreme Court in Pioneer Builders‟s case (supra) that one distinct cause of action cannot be substituted for another nor the subject-matter of the suit can be changed by means of an amendment. Applying the same analogy, it can safely be concluded that it is impermissible for a plaintiff to change the ground for invocation of jurisdiction of a Court by means of an amendment. 75. In that view of the matter, the application for amendment of plaint filed by the respondents in respect of amendment (h) could not have been allowed. 76. The matter can also be looked at from another angle. 77. Before proceeding further, we would like to note the decision of the Supreme Court in Civil Appeal No.2968 of 2012 tit....
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....ing on the claim or issue; the observations made by the US Supreme Court in the decisions reported as 550 U.S. 544, 127 S. Ct. 1955 Bell Atlantic Corporation v William Twombly and 556 U.S. 662, 129 S. Ct. 1937 John D. Ascroft, Former Attorney General v Javaid Iqbal that „factual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief above the speculative level'. The pleadings must contain something more than a statement of facts that merely creates a suspicion of a legally cognizable right of action' and 'threadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere conclusory statements, do not suffice. Although for the purposes of a motion to dismiss we must take all of the factual allegations in the complaint as a true, we are not bound to accept as true a legal conclusion couched as factual allegation....only a complaint that states a plausible claim for relief survives a motion to dismiss‟ respectively, the Supreme Court that the Courts should carefully and critically scrutinize and examine the pleadings and the documents filed by the parties at the very threshold of a matter and should not send the matter for trial where the pleadings and ....
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....ies, together with an approach of considering what in ordinary course of human affairs is more likely to have been the probability, will prevent many a false claims or defences from sailing beyond the stage for issues. 74. If the pleadings do not give sufficient details, they will not raise an issue, and the Court can reject the claim or pass a decree on admission. 75. On vague pleadings, no issue arises. Only when he so establishes, does the question of framing an issue arise. Framing of issues is an extremely important stage in a civil trial. Judges are expected to carefully examine the pleadings and documents before framing of issues in a given case. xxxx 78. The Court must ensure that pleadings of a case must contain sufficient particulars. Insistence on details reduces the ability to put forward a non-existent or false claim or defence. 79. In dealing with a civil case, pleadings, title documents and relevant records play a vital role and that would ordinarily decide the fate of the case." 80. In view of decision of Supreme Court in Margadia‟s case (supra) we closely scrutinize the amendment (h) sought to be incorporated by the respondents in the plaint....