TaxTMI 
TaxTMI 
Definitions
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....ate Tribunal" means the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal referred to in sub-section (1) of section 53A;] (c) "Cartel" includes an association of producers, sellers, distributors, traders or service providers who, by agreement amongst themselves, limit, control or attempt to con­trol the production, distribution, sale or price of, or, trade in goods or provision of services; (d) "Chairperson" means the Chairperson of the Commission appointed under sub-section (1) of section 9; (e) "Commission" means the competition Commission of India established under sub-section (1) of section 7; ^4[(ea) "commitment" means the commitment referred to in section 48B;] (f) "consumer" means any person who....
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....ply, distribution, acquisition or control of articles or goods, or the provision of services, of any kind, or in investment, or in the business of acquiring, holding, underwriting or dealing with shares, debentures or other securities of any other body corporate, either directly or through one or more of its units or divisions or subsidiaries, but does not include any activity of the Government relatable to the sovereign functions of the Government including all activities carried on by the departments of the Central Government dealing with atomic energy, currency, defence and space;] Explanation.-For the purposes of this clause,- (a) "activity" includes profession or occupation; (b) "article" includes a new artic....
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.... or a body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, in India or outside India; (vi) any corporation established by or under any Central, State or Provincial Act or a Government company as defined in ^7[clause (45) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013)]; (vii) anybody corporate incorporated by or under the laws of a country outside India; (viii) a co-operative society registered under any law relating to co-operative societies; (ix) a local authority; (x) every artificial juridical person, not falling within any of the preceding sub-clauses; (m) "practice" includes any practice relating to the carry­ing on of any trade by a person or an enterprise; (n) "pre....
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....acteristics of the products or services, their prices and intended use; or (ii) the production or supply of, which are regarded as interchangeable or substitutable by the supplier, by reason of the ease of switching production between such products and services and marketing them in the short term without incurring significant additional costs or risks in response to small and permanent changes in relative prices;] (u) "service" means service of any description which is made available to potential users and includes the provision of services in connection with business of any industrial or commercial matters such as banking, communication, education, financing, insurance, chit funds, real estate, transport, storage, materi....
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....2007 dated 24-09-2007 2. Substituted vide Finance Act, 2017 dated 31-03-2017 before it was read as, "^1[(ba) "Appellate Tribunal" means the Competition Appellate Tribunal established under sub-section (1) of section 53A;]" 3. Substituted vide Competition (Amendment) Act, 2023 dated 11-04-2023 w.e.f. 18-05-2023 before it was read as, "the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956)" 4. Inserted vide Competition (Amendment) Act, 2023 dated 11-04-2023 w.e.f. 18-05-2023 5. Substituted vide Competition (Amendment) Act, 2023 dated 11-04-2023 w.e.f. 18-05-2023 before it was read as, "a person or a department of the Gov­ernment, who or which is, or has been, engaged in any activity, relating to ....