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April 2, 2026
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Foreign exchange market restrictions by RBI drove dollar unwinding and triggered a meaningful rupee rebound.
RBI took twin foreign exchange market restrictions by capping banks' net open rupee positions and barring non-deliverable forward offerings to corporates. The measures were directed at limiting banks' activity in onshore forward markets and were described as forcing dollar unwinding, thereby producing a meaningful rebound in the rupee.
April 2, 2026
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Quarterly TDS statement for non-salary payments requires deductor details, deductee-wise reporting, and prescribed filing steps.
Form No. 140 is the quarterly TDS statement for non-salary payments to resident deductees, filed by persons responsible for deduction of tax on specified payments such as interest, commission, brokerage, professional fees, and rent. The form requires deductor particulars, tax payment details, and a deductee-wise annexure covering PAN, amount paid or credited, tax deducted and deposited, deduction rate, and related certificate details. Filing is quarterly, supported by challans and PAN details, and involves preparation, validation, and upload through the prescribed electronic or facilitation-centre process.
April 2, 2026
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Foreign exchange market curbs drive rupee higher as banks adjust positions under Reserve Bank restrictions.
Reserve Bank of India measures to curb banks' activity in the onshore and derivative foreign exchange markets led to a sharp appreciation in the rupee after recent volatility and heavy pressure from capital outflows, a stronger dollar and higher crude prices. The central bank capped the net open position on the Indian rupee for banks at USD 100 million and required compliance by a specified deadline, while also restricting authorised dealers from offering non-deliverable derivative contracts involving the rupee to resident or non-resident users. Users were further barred from rebooking foreign exchange derivative contracts, whether deliverable or non-deliverable, once cancelled after the issuance of the instructions.
April 2, 2026
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Tax deduction statement filing governs quarterly reporting, electronic submission, correction limits, and acknowledgment for non-salary resident payments.
Form No. 140 is the quarterly electronic statement of deduction of tax at source for non-salary payments made to resident deductees, and it is mandatory for all deductors responsible for such payments. It must be filed within the prescribed quarterly due dates, cannot be edited after submission, and corrections may be filed only after processing by CPC-TDS within the specified two-year time limit. Successful filing on the TRACES portal generates an Acknowledgment Receipt Number.
April 2, 2026
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Excess TDS and TCS refund claims move through a TRACES-based electronic form with pre-filled challan details and digital signing.
Form No. 139 is the electronic refund application by which a deductor, collector, or eligible taxpayer may claim refund of excess tax paid under Chapter XIX. Filing is permitted where the corresponding TDS or TCS statement has been processed and the excess remains as an unmatched or unconsumed challan credit. The application requires challan particulars, utilisation details, refund amount, declaration, digital signature, and supporting bank and tax records.
April 2, 2026
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Excess TDS/TCS refund claims under Form No. 139 must be filed online, after processing, and only when credit remains unallowed.
Form No. 139 is the prescribed online application for a deductor or collector to claim refund of excess TDS/TCS deposited under Chapter XIX-B of the Income-tax Act, 2025, where the excess is not adjusted against any other liability in the system. The form may be filed only after the relevant statement has been processed, cannot be edited after acknowledgment is generated, and is not maintainable once the deductee has been allowed credit for the same tax. Approved refunds, along with interest, are credited to the prevalidated bank account, and refund arising from appellate or rectification orders does not require filing of the form.
April 2, 2026
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Quarterly TDS statement for salary and specified senior citizen income streamlines deductor reporting, annexures, and filing compliance.
Form No. 138 is the quarterly TDS statement for salary and specified senior citizen income, replacing Form 24Q and being filed under the Income-tax Act, 2025 and the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It is used by employers and specified deductors to report tax deducted and deposited, together with deductor particulars, deductee-wise details, and quarterly annexures. Annexure I applies to all quarters, while Annexure II and Annexure III are filed only in the last quarter for salary and specified senior citizen income details.
April 2, 2026
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Quarterly TDS statement filing requires electronic submission, prescribed annexures, correction limits, and timely compliance for tax credit reporting.
Form No. 138 is a quarterly electronic TDS statement required from employers deducting tax from salaries and specified banks deducting tax from pension and interest income of specified senior citizens. Only Annexure-I is filed for all quarters, while Annexure-II and Annexure-III are filed only for Q4. The form must be filed within the prescribed quarterly due dates, cannot be edited after submission, and may be corrected within two years after processing by CPC-TDS.
April 2, 2026
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TDS/TCS book adjustment reporting requires monthly filing of Form 137 for government office tax credits.
Form No. 137 is the monthly TDS/TCS book adjustment statement filed by Government offices and related accounts offices to report tax deducted or collected without challan and credit it to the Central Government account through the book adjustment system. It is filed under the Income-tax Rules, 2026 by offices remitting TDS/TCS through book entry rather than challan, with prescribed due dates, accounts office particulars, DDO-wise transfer voucher details and supporting AIN, TAN and voucher data. Processing generates Book Identification Numbers for DDOs for use in quarterly TDS/TCS statements.
April 2, 2026
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TDS/TCS book adjustment reporting requires mandatory electronic filing, AIN-based processing, and BIN generation for government offices.
Form No. 137 is the monthly consolidated TDS/TCS book adjustment statement for government offices where tax is credited to the Central Government without challan payment. It is mandatory for the concerned Accounts Officer, must be filed electronically within the prescribed time, and may be revised to correct mistakes. An Accounts Office Identification Number is required, and processing of the form generates a Book Identification Number used for related TDS/TCS statements and tax credit flow.
April 2, 2026
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Customs duty exemption on critical petrochemicals aims to steady supply chains and ease input costs across manufacturing sectors.
Temporary customs duty exemption granted on critical petrochemical products to address supply disruptions arising from the West Asia conflict and consequent global shipping and supply chain disturbances. The measure is directed at preserving the availability of essential petrochemical inputs for domestic industry, maintaining supply stability, and easing cost pressures on sectors dependent on petrochemical feedstock and intermediates, including plastics, packaging, textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and automotive components. The exemption applies to specified petrochemical goods, including methanol, anhydrous ammonia, toluene, styrene, dichloromethane, vinyl chloride monomer, poly butadiene, styrene butadiene and unsaturated polyester resins.
April 2, 2026
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Accounts Office Identification Number application governs book-adjustment TDS/TCS reporting, supervisory verification, and TRACES-based allotment.
Form No. 136 is the statutory application for allotment of an Accounts Office Identification Number (AIN) to government Accounts Officers making TDS/TCS payments through book adjustment without challan production. The form is required only once, and the allotted AIN is mandatory for filing Form No. 137 statements for monthly reporting of such remittances. It requires applicant particulars, declarations, supervisory counter-verification, and code-based annexures, and may be filed online on TRACES or offline before the jurisdictional Commissioner of Income-tax (TDS).
April 2, 2026
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Accounts Office Identification Number rules govern AIN allotment, filing modes, eligibility, and later modification for government offices.
Form No. 136 is the application for allotment of an Accounts Office Identification Number (AIN) for Central and State Government Accounts Offices making TDS/TCS payments through book adjustment. AIN is a unique seven-digit identifier, and non-government offices are not eligible. The form may be filed online through the TRACES portal or offline before the jurisdictional Commissioner of Income-tax (TDS). Only one AIN is allotted to an Accounts Office, and details may later be modified. TAN is not mandatory, though it must be mentioned if already available.
April 2, 2026
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Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number forms now require category-specific details, documents, and streamlined filing rules.
Forms Nos. 134 and 135 are prescribed for allotment of a unique Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TAN), with Form 134 for Government applicants and Form 135 for non-Government applicants. They apply to persons required to deduct or collect tax at source, file TDS/TCS statements, or issue TDS/TCS certificates. The revised forms separate Government and non-Government categories and require category-specific particulars, mandatory PAN-related details, and supporting documents. The process may be completed online or physically and results in TAN allotment and dispatch of the TAN letter.
April 2, 2026
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Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number rules define TAN application forms, eligibility, documents, fee and correction procedures.
TAN is the unique identifier used for TDS and TCS compliances and must be quoted in related communications and filings. Under the Income-tax Rules, 2026, TAN applications are made through Form No. 134 for Government category deductors and Form No. 135 for non-Government applicants, either offline at authorised PAN centres or online through the prescribed portals. Incomplete applications are treated as invalid, post-submission edits are not permitted, correction requests may be made after allotment, and the fee is payable. Government applicants require AIN and the prescribed certificate; non-Government applicants require identity, address and incorporation-related documents, with PAN mandatory.
April 2, 2026
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Bail cancellation for non-compliance leads to surrender, passport restraint, forfeiture of deposit, and insolvency-linked conditions.
Cancellation of bail granted in connection with the alleged Grand Venice Mall scam after non-compliance with bail conditions. The Supreme Court directed surrender within one week, barred release of the passport without leave of the Court, and ordered forfeiture and disbursal of the deposited bail amount. Fresh regular bail may be sought only after twelve months and subject to compliance with the insolvency proceedings invoked against the petitioner's companies under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
April 2, 2026
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TCS certificate issuance rules govern Form No. 133, including TRACES generation, correction, duplicate issue, and credit claims.
Form No. 133 is the prescribed TCS certificate under section 395(4)(a) of the Income-tax Act, 2025, issued by the person responsible for collection of tax at source to the collectee as proof of tax collected and deposited with the Central Government. It enables the collectee to claim TCS credit on filing the return of income. The certificate is generated only after filing and processing of the quarterly TCS statement in Form No. 143 through the TRACES portal, must be issued within the prescribed time, and may be corrected, preserved, or reissued as a duplicate in accordance with the stated requirements.
April 2, 2026
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TDS certificate compliance requires Form 132 for specified payments, TRACES generation, and timely issuance after processing.
Form No. 132 is the consolidated TDS certificate for specified payments such as rent, immovable property transfers, technical services, contractual payments and transfer of Virtual Digital Assets. It must be issued by the deductor after tax is deducted and deposited, serves as proof of tax deposited with the Central Government, and enables the deductee to claim TDS credit. The certificate is generated from TRACES only after the challan-cum-statement in Form No. 141 is filed and processed, and it must be issued within 15 days from the due date for that filing.
April 2, 2026
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TDS certificate issuance rules govern Form No. 131, requiring TRACES-based generation, timely delivery, and revised statements for corrections.
Form No. 131 is the prescribed TDS certificate for payments other than salary, issued by the deductor to the deductee as proof of tax deducted and deposited, and to enable TDS credit in the return of income. It is generated only after filing and processing of the quarterly TDS statement on the TRACES portal, must be downloaded and signed before issue, and is invalid if prepared by any other mode. The certificate must be issued within the prescribed time, corrected through revised TDS statements where necessary, and retained for records.
April 2, 2026
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TDS and TCS certificate rules shift to revised TRACES-based forms with defined issuance timelines and certificate structures.
TDS and TCS certificates under section 395(4) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 are to be issued in revised Form Nos. 130, 131, 132 and 133, replacing the earlier certificate forms under the Income-tax Act, 1961. The deductor, collector or employer must request generation and download through the TRACES portal, and the certificate is valid only when generated from that portal and signed digitally or physically by the deductor or collector. The revised forms prescribe separate issuance timelines, certificate structures and linkage to the relevant statements or challan-cum-statements.

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Corp. Laws / SEBI / IBC

Indian Railways Embraces AI-Driven Workforce Verification System' 1.2 Million Employees

May 5, 2026

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India's largest employer begins deployment of offline facial verification and tamper-proof blockchain records across its 1.2 million-strong workforce, building on technology that cut ghost employee fraud by 90% in prior government deployments 5th May 2026 - Indian Railways has commenced the implementation of DRISHTI, an AI and blockchain-powered Smart Workforce Management System that uses facial recognition and tamper-proof digital records to verify worker attendance and prevent fraud, being rolled out across the railway network, beginning with operations in Prayagraj. The system, developed by ChainCode Consulting LLP in collaboration with Billions Network, the universal human and AI verification platform, and Aptos Foundation, can verify entire teams from a single group photograph, works without internet connectivity, and creates permanent, tamper-proof records of every attendance event. It is designed for both field and office personnel across Indian Railways' operations. Indian Railways is one of the world's largest employers, with more than 1.2 million personnel operating across 7,300 stations and 18 zones. The rollout begins in Prayagraj, with completion of the initial regional deployment expected within three months and expansion across the wider network to follow. Where previous government deployments of the same technology, eliminated ghost employee fraud by up to 90%, reduced payroll costs by 30-40%, and halved payment delays, the Indian Railways implementation brings those proven standards to a new, high-profile use case with the potential to set a global precedent for workforce governance at scale. Managing attendance verification across a workforce this large and geographically spread has historically been vulnerable to ghost employee fraud and administrative inefficiencies, challenges that DRISHTI is designed to address directly. The system works offline, a critical requirement for railway operations in remote and rural areas where internet connectivity is unreliable. It can identify multiple workers simultaneously from a single photograph and locks every record on the Aptos blockchain, making it impossible to alter after the fact. The platform also handles supervisor approvals, real-time reporting dashboards, task allocation, and leave management. "AI-driven smart solutions with blockchain security are key to good governance. By combining facial recognition with blockchain's permanent, traceable records, we eliminate major security risks and give organizations greater control over workforce data integrity," said Alok Gupta, Founder and CEO, ChainCode Consulting LLP. ChainCode Consulting has previously pioneered blockchain-based attendance and identity platforms for different India's Government Bodies and contributed digital verification infrastructure for MahaKumbh 2025, one of the world's largest gatherings. "Every worker in a system this vast deserves to be accurately identified and fairly compensated without that requiring handing over sensitive personal data. That's the problem we're solving: identity verification that works for people. What India is building here shows how the world's largest institutions can operate with both accountability and dignity," said Evin McMullen, CEO and Co-Founder of Billions Network. Billions provides the decentralized identity and reusable identity infrastructure underpinning DRISHTI, building on the company's proven track record in high-stakes verification, including joint proofs-of-concept with Deutsche Bank and HSBC for advanced KYC solutions. Ashwin Pampati, SVP and Head of Ecosystem at Aptos Foundation, added: β€œReliable, high-performance blockchain infrastructure is essential for nation-scale public-sector systems like DRISHTI, where data integrity, security and auditability are non-negotiable. Aptos provides a strong blockchain foundation that supports exactly these requirements.” About Billions Billions.Network (formerly Polygon ID) is the leading human and AI verification platform, built on mobile-first verification to scale the internet of value globally. Created by the stewards of the world's leading zero-knowledge verification framework, Circom, Billions secures the work of major organizations and blockchain ecosystems serving over 150 million users globally. The platform provides privacy-preserving digital identity solutions that work across both Web2 and Web3 applications. For more information, visit https://billions.network. About ChainCode Consulting LLP ChainCode Consulting is a blockchain and AI technology firm specializing in enterprise-grade decentralized solutions for government and private sector clients. Founded in 2019, the company delivers secure, scalable identity verification, supply chain traceability, and blockchain infrastructure across industries including healthcare, financial services, and public administration. ChainCode has been recognized among Bangalore's Top 50 FinTech Companies and received the Blockchain Leader of the Year award at SmartTech Asia Innovation Awards 2025. For more information, visit https://www.chaincodeconsulting.com/. About Indian Railways Indian Railways is a statutory body under the Ministry of Railways, Government of India, and operates the country's national railway system. With more than 1.2 million employees, it is the world's ninth-largest employer and India's second-largest employer. For more information, visit https://indianrailways.gov.in. About Aptos Aptos is a Layer-1 blockchain designed for scalability, security, and sub-second transaction finality. Founded in 2021 by Avery Ching and Mo Shaikh, former leaders of Meta's Diem blockchain initiative, Aptos is built on the Move programming language, developed for secure smart contract execution. The network has processed over 4.4 billion transactions and has established strategic partnerships with BlackRock, Google, Mastercard, and Franklin Templeton. For more information, visit https://aptosnetwork.com/ (Disclaimer: The above press release comes to you under an arrangement with NRDPL and PTI takes no editorial responsibility for the same.). PTI PWR

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