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April 3, 2026
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Immunity from penalty and prosecution through Form 161 requires full payment, no appeal, and online filing.
Form 161 is the prescribed application under section 440(2) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 for seeking immunity from penalty and prosecution after an assessment or reassessment order. It is optional and event-based, must be filed within one month from the end of the month of receipt of the order, and is available only where the taxpayer has paid the full tax and interest demand and has not filed any appeal. The form requires order details, demand details, proof of payment, and PAN, and can be submitted only online through the e-Filing portal.
April 3, 2026
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Refund of wrongly deducted tax through Form 160 requires full transaction details, supporting documents, and timely filing.
Refund of tax deducted at source and deposited to the Central Government is available through Form 160 where tax was not required to be deducted on the relevant income or transaction. The form is filed by the deductor before the Assessing Officer having jurisdiction, within thirty days from payment of tax, and must contain transaction details, deductee details, agreement particulars, and proof of the tax deducted and deposited. Supporting documents and verification enable examination of whether the refund claim is admissible.
April 3, 2026
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Refund of wrongly deducted tax through Form 160 requires proof that no tax was deductible and full TDS disclosure.
Refund of tax deducted at source and paid to the Central Government may be sought through Form 160 where the deductor contends that no tax was deductible on the relevant income or transaction. The form is the prescribed application under the Income-tax law and is to be used only in cases where tax was actually deducted and deposited, but the applicant later claims that the deduction was not required under the Act. It is filed before the TDS Assessing Officer having jurisdiction over the applicant, and the application is supported by the statutory particulars needed to test the claim of non-deductibility.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Tax Clearance Certificate Form 159 governs clearance for persons leaving India and requires Assessing Officer issuance on Form 158.
Tax Clearance Certificate in Form 159 is issued by the Assessing Officer in response to Form 158 and is prescribed under section 420(5) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 read with Rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. The form records the departing person's identity details and travel-linked validity, is issued through ITBA functionality, and has no statutory timeline for issue. Form 158 is the supporting application, and the note states that the taxpayer cannot leave India without the requisite clearance certificate.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Tax Clearance Certificate governs departure-related compliance and is issued by the Assessing Officer on a Form 158 application.
Form 159 is the Tax Clearance Certificate issued by the Assessing Officer in response to Form 158. It is not filed by the taxpayer, but is issued to the specified taxpayer through the ITBA functionality, subject to the requirements of the Income-tax Act, 2025. No statutory time limit is prescribed for issuance, and the certificate is event-based, depending on the travel requirements of the person leaving India.
April 3, 2026
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Tax clearance certificate requirements for persons leaving India are set out through electronic filing of Form 158.
Form 158 is the application for a Tax Clearance Certificate required from a person directed by the Assessing Officer to obtain clearance before leaving India. It is filed each time the requirement applies, captures travel, identification, business, and passport details, and must be supported by documents such as passport or emergency certificate, PAN, and travel booking records. The form is filed electronically through the income-tax portal and digitally signed; on processing, Form 159 is issued as the Tax Clearance Certificate.
April 3, 2026
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Tax Clearance Certificate filing under Form 158 requires mandatory electronic submission before leaving India.
Form 158 is the mandatory electronic application for a Tax Clearance Certificate for domiciled persons required to obtain clearance before leaving India under the Income-tax Act, 2025. It must be filed each time the person leaves India, through the e-filing portal only. PAN is mandatory, while Aadhaar is not required. Supporting documents include passport or emergency certificate details and travel booking documents. The form cannot be edited after submission, and verification may be completed through prescribed electronic modes.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Foreign departure undertaking for persons without PAN or taxable income is proposed as a manual compliance form.
Form 157 is a manual undertaking to be furnished by persons domiciled in India leaving India at the time of departure under section 420(4) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 and Rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It applies only to persons without PAN or without income chargeable to tax. The form requires identity and passport details, an undertaking regarding PAN or taxable income status, and particulars of the foreign visit, supported by passport documents or an emergency certificate where no passport is available.
April 3, 2026
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Form 157 certificate filing rules for domiciled persons leaving India without PAN or taxable income
Form 157 is a proposed new income-tax certificate form for persons domiciled in India leaving India who do not have PAN, do not have income chargeable to tax in India, or are not required to obtain PAN. It is mandatory subject to notified exceptions, must be filed each time the person leaves India, and is to be submitted manually before the jurisdictional Assessing Officer with the prescribed identity documents. The form does not require proof of tax payment, Aadhaar is no longer required in the personal details, and corrections may be made before submission or later through the Assessing Officer.
April 3, 2026
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Form 156 filing requirement for Indian residents leaving India is being split into declaration and undertaking formats.
Persons domiciled in India leaving India must furnish Form 156 at the time of departure as an undertaking under section 420(3) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 read with rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026, subject to notified exceptions. The form is to be filed electronically through the Income-tax Department e-filing portal and requires personal particulars, travel purpose, duration of stay abroad, passport details, and supporting documents such as passport and PAN, or an emergency certificate where no passport is available. The form structure is being rationalised by splitting the existing manual form into Form 156 and Form 157.
April 3, 2026
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Departure undertaking requirement governs Form 156 filing, with PAN-based e-filing and limited verification options for domiciled persons leaving India.
Form 156 is an undertaking to be furnished by persons domiciled in India leaving India at the time of departure, subject to notified exceptions. It applies only where the person has a valid PAN and income chargeable to tax in India, and is filed each time the person leaves India. The form cannot be edited after submission and acknowledgement. Filing is electronic through the income tax e-filing portal, with verification by electronic verification code or digital signature certificate, and requires passport or emergency certificate details, without proof of tax payment or Aadhaar.
April 3, 2026
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No objection certificate for departing persons not domiciled in India issued as tax clearance through departmental process.
Form 155 is the no objection certificate and tax clearance certificate issued by the Assessing Officer to a person not domiciled in India under section 420(1) of the Income-tax Act, 2025, read with Rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It is issued in response to Form 154 filed by a person leaving India, records identity and travel details, and states the validity period of the certificate. The certificate is issued through the departmental ITBA functionality and may need to be shown to Customs or Immigration Officers if required.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Tax Clearance Certificate for non-domiciled persons is issued on Form 154 applications and may be required for immigration checks.
Form 155 is a Tax Clearance Certificate issued by the prescribed authority in response to Form 154 for a person not domiciled in India. It is not filed by the taxpayer, is issued subject to the conditions in the Act through the ITBA system, and has no prescribed statutory timeline. The certificate is event-based, depends on travel requirements, and may be produced before immigration officers if asked.
April 3, 2026
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Undertaking for tax clearance on departure from India requires employer or other signatory support and manual filing.
Form 154 is an undertaking required from an employer or other person when a person not domiciled in India is leaving India. It is filed manually under section 420(1) and Rule 228, and is supported by passport or Emergency Certificate details. The form is generally attached to a request for a Tax Clearance Certificate, and processing results in issuance of Form 155.
April 3, 2026
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Form 154 undertaking governs tax clearance for non-domiciled persons leaving India with India-sourced income.
Form 154 is the prescribed undertaking for a non-domiciled person leaving India with India-sourced income in connection with business, profession or employment. It is signed by the employer or other person concerned, filed offline before the prescribed authority, and is required each time such person departs India. The form supports issuance of a tax clearance certificate, requires a valid PAN, and is accompanied by a passport or emergency certificate, while Aadhaar is not required and proof of tax payment is optional.
April 3, 2026
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Tax recovery notice and certificate require payment within 15 days before recovery proceedings can begin.
Form 153 is the statutory Certificate and Notice of Demand issued by the Tax Recovery Officer for recovery of outstanding tax arrears under the Income-tax Act, 2025, read with the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It is an event-driven recovery instrument issued after default and a recovery certificate, may cover multiple tax years and multiple heads of arrears, and directs the taxpayer to pay within 15 days, failing which recovery proceedings may follow.
April 3, 2026
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Tax recovery demand notice under Form 153 requires payment of arrears within 15 days before coercive recovery begins.
Form 153 is the statutory Certificate and Notice of Demand issued by the Tax Recovery Officer for unpaid tax arrears, including tax, interest, penalty, fine, or other sums. It requires payment within 15 days and may cover multiple tax years or multiple heads of arrears in one notice. If payment is not made, recovery proceedings may follow, including attachment or sale of property and other enforcement measures, with interest, costs, charges, and expenses also accruing.
April 3, 2026
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Advance tax estimate dispute through Form 152 lets an assessee submit reasons and a revised income estimate.
Form 152 is used to intimate the Assessing Officer under section 407(8) where an assessee considers the estimate of income or advance tax in a notice of demand under section 289, issued pursuant to an order under section 407(2) or section 407(5), to be excessive. The assessee may state the reasons for disputing the estimate and furnish a revised estimate of income subject to advance tax for the relevant tax year. The form includes the demand reference, reasons for dispute, revised head-wise income estimate, computation of advance tax payable, and verification, together with supporting documents where required.
April 3, 2026
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Advance tax estimate disputes can be notified through Form 152 with reasons and a revised income estimate.
Form 152 is the statutory mechanism for intimating the Assessing Officer that a demand for advance tax is excessive and for furnishing a revised estimate of income subject to advance tax. It is optional and may be filed only by a person served with such notice who considers the Assessing Officer's estimate to be higher than the correct estimate for the relevant tax year. The form must be filed before the Assessing Officer who issued the demand and must specify the reasons for disputing the estimate along with a head-wise revised estimate of income.
April 3, 2026
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Advance tax compliance through Form 151 notice of demand, setting estimated liability, instalments, and due dates for payment.
Form 151 is the prescribed notice of demand for requiring payment of advance tax under the Income-tax Act, 2025. It is issued by the Assessing Officer to an assessee liable to pay advance tax under section 407(2) or 407(5), based on available information regarding the assessee's income for the relevant tax year. The notice states the estimated advance tax liability and the instalments and due dates for payment, and is accompanied by a computation of advance tax payable under section 407.

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Customs & Trade

NXT Conclave 2026: PM Modi Unveils India’s Energy Strategy

March 13, 2026

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New Delhi [India], March 13: Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Thursday used the platform of the NXT Conclave at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, to address the ripple effects of the ongoing Iran war and the resulting global energy crisis, saying the conflict has disrupted supply chains worldwide and affected every country to varying degrees. Speaking at the summit, the Prime Minister outlined how India is navigating the turbulence in global energy markets while simultaneously pushing a long-term strategy of expanding domestic energy infrastructure and reducing dependence on foreign fuel supplies.

He said the government is in constant touch with world leaders and is working at multiple levels to manage disruptions caused by the war-driven energy shock.

“No country is untouched by the impact of this global crisis caused by war. To a greater or lesser extent, everyone is affected by this crisis,” the Prime Minister said, adding that India is making continuous efforts to overcome supply-chain disruptions and safeguard domestic energy availability.

PM Modi Unveils India's Energy Strategy At NXT Conclave Addressing the iTV Network’s NXT Conclave at Bharat Mandapam, the Prime Minister said India is pursuing a two-pronged strategy, expanding domestic energy infrastructure while pushing for self-reliance to reduce dependence on foreign sources.

PM Modi explained that the government’s energy policy is built around two key pillars: expanding infrastructure to improve energy access and strengthening domestic capabilities to reduce reliance on imports.

“First, to increase energy access in the country, we build infrastructure. Second, we do not have to rely solely on foreign sources for energy. For this, we emphasised self-reliance in the energy sector,” he said.

His remarks came against the backdrop of rising concerns around LPG supply, global war-driven energy disruptions, and economic uncertainty.

NXT Conclave 2026: PM Modi’s First Remarks On Global Energy Crisis Amid Iran War, Unveils India’s Energy Strategy - What PM Said About Resilient Economy, LPG Panic & Black Marketing PM Modi On People Creating Panic Over LPG Availability The Prime Minister addressed the ongoing debate around liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) availability, urging responsible public discourse during a period of global uncertainty. PM Modi also took aim at the Opposition, accusing political rivals of attempting to create unnecessary panic over LPG supply concerns at a time when global conflicts have already strained energy markets. He assured that the government is actively addressing supply-chain challenges.

“There’s a lot of discussion these days about LPG. Some people are trying to create panic and pursue their own agenda,” he said, without naming political parties.

PM Modi said he did not want to comment politically but warned that attempts to spread panic could harm the country during a sensitive period marked by global instability.

How India Has Strengthened Its Strategic Reserves, PM Modi Reveals At NXT Summit 2026 Highlighting capacity expansion in the petroleum sector, the Prime Minister said India has significantly strengthened its strategic reserves.

“Prior to 2014, India’s strategic petroleum reserves, crude oil stored for use during times of crisis, were minimal. Today, we have established over 50 lakh tonnes of strategic petroleum reserves,” he said.

He also noted a sharp rise in household LPG access and natural gas infrastructure.

LPG connections have increased from 14 crore in 2014 to over 33 crore today.

LNG terminals in the country have doubled during the same period.

Expansion Of Gas Infrastructure, Massive Investments By Modi Government The Prime Minister said the government has made major investments in expanding the gas ecosystem across India.

He highlighted that the gas pipeline network has expanded from around 3,500 kilometres to 10,000 kilometres, significantly strengthening the supply chain. Import terminal capacity at major ports has also been increased to manage the 60% of LPG that India imports.

The expansion has been accompanied by wider urban gas coverage.

According to the Prime Minister: Piped Natural Gas (PNG) connections have increased from 25–26 lakh households before 2014 to more than 1.25 crore today.

The number of CNG-powered vehicles has grown from under 10 lakh to more than 70 lakh.

He credited this progress to the City Gas Distribution network, which has been expanded across more than 600 districts over the past decade.

How Ethanol Blending Has Reduced India's Oil Imports PM Modi said India’s push for ethanol blending and biofuels is a key strategy to reduce petroleum dependence.

He noted that blending levels have increased from around 1–1.5% before 2014 to nearly 20% today.

According to the Prime Minister, the initiative has significantly reduced oil imports.

India has avoided purchasing 18 crore barrels of oil over the past 11 years.

The country currently reduces oil imports by about 4.5 crore barrels annually.

“The country has saved about ₹1.5 lakh crore from ethanol blending alone,” he said.

How India's Renewable Energy Has Seen Rapid Growth, PM Modi Shares The Progress At NXT Summit 2026 The Prime Minister also highlighted progress in renewable energy and railway electrification, calling them key drivers of fuel savings and sustainability.

He noted that while only 20% of the railway network was electrified by 2014, nearly the entire broad-gauge network is now electrified.

This transition helped Indian Railways save around 180 crore litres of diesel in 2024–25, reducing the need for crude oil imports.

India’s renewable energy capacity has also seen rapid growth.

Total renewable capacity has crossed 250 gigawatts.

Solar power capacity has surged from 2 GW in 2014 to about 130 GW today.

The Prime Minister also highlighted the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana, which has enabled 30 lakh families to install rooftop solar systems.

“Our total renewable capacity today has crossed the historic figure of 250 gigawatts and half of our installed power generation capacity now comes from renewable sources,” he said.

PM Modi On Bio-Gas And Strategic Petroleum Reserves PM Modi said India is also expanding its waste-to-energy ecosystem through the GOBARdhan scheme.

More than 100 Compressed Bio-Gas plants are currently operational, with 600 more under development.

He added that India has also strengthened its refining and storage capabilities.

Strategic petroleum reserves now exceed 50 lakh tonnes.

Refining capacity has increased by more than 40 million tonnes over the past decade.

The Prime Minister said these structural changes will help India withstand the impact of global energy shocks.

“We will certainly be able to face the crisis created by this war and continue our work to make India self-reliant on a massive scale,” he said.

PM Modi Calls For Unity Amid Global Conflicts The Prime Minister noted that the current global conflict near India’s region has triggered an energy crisis affecting countries worldwide.

He described the situation as a test of national resilience and called for collective responsibility from political parties, the media and industry.

Recalling the unified national response during the COVID-19 pandemic, PM Modi said similar cooperation is needed to tackle current challenges.

“We must make collective efforts and perform our duties by keeping the national interest supreme,” he said.

The Prime Minister cited the Russia-Ukraine conflict as an example of how the government has previously shielded citizens from global price shocks.

During the crisis, international fertiliser prices surged dramatically. Despite this, the government ensured farmers continued receiving a bag of urea at ₹300, even though the global price reached ₹3,000 per bag.

“This time too, our every possible effort will be to ensure that the war has the minimum possible impact on the lives of the country’s farmers and citizens,” he said.

PM Modi Calls States To Prevent Black Marketing Of LPG The Prime Minister also urged state governments to maintain strict vigilance against black marketing and misinformation around round LPG availability Prime Minister said some people are spreading fear regarding LPG for their own agenda and that such behaviour exposes them before the public while damaging national interests.

He said authorities must closely monitor markets to prevent artificial shortages and price manipulation.

“It is essential that serious monitoring of the situation is conducted and strict action is taken against those engaging in black marketing,” he said.

‘Viksit Bharat’ Vision And India’s Global Role During his address at the NXT event, PM Modi also drew parallels between the historic Dandi March of 1930 and India’s modern-day development journey.

Marking the anniversary of the march, he said the freedom movement once united the country and the same spirit now drives the mission of building a “Viksit Bharat” (Developed India).

“Nearly 100 years after that historic journey, we Indians have set out on a new journey once again for a Viksit Bharat,” he said.

The Prime Minister also pointed to growing global confidence in India’s economic future.

He said leaders and experts across the world increasingly see India as a major driver of the emerging global order.

Citing international voices, PM Modi said Finland President Alexander Stubb recently noted that the direction of the world will increasingly be shaped by the Global South, while Canada’s Mark Carney has described India as the centre toward which global economic gravity will shift over the coming decades.

He also said French President Emmanuel Macron sees India as a crucial partner in solving global challenges.

“If you want to be part of the future, you must be associated with India and you must be in India,” the Prime Minister said.

‘Next Level’ India: Reforms And Digital Transformation The Prime Minister said India has moved beyond incremental progress and is now entering what he described as a “next level” phase of development.

He highlighted the rapid expansion of digital payments through UPI, which has made India the global leader in real-time digital transactions.

“Today, India has become the country with the fastest real-time digital payments in the world,” he said.

PM Modi also pointed to several structural reforms and initiatives, including: The abrogation of Article 370 Opening bank accounts for over 50 crore citizens through Jan Dhan The law providing 33% reservation for women in legislatures India has also launched major technology missions, including those focused on space exploration, semiconductors and quantum computing.

“Moon Mission, Semiconductor Mission and Quantum Mission are taking India toward the next frontier of technology,” he said.

Governance And Internal Security Gains The Prime Minister said the last decade has focused on inclusive governance, particularly targeting previously neglected regions.

Through initiatives such as the Aspirational District Programme and PM JANMAN, the government has expanded access to housing, healthcare and education in remote areas.

He also pointed to improvements in internal security.

According to PM Modi: Districts affected by Maoist violence have fallen from more than 180 in 2013 to single digits today.

Over 2,100 Naxals have surrendered in the past year.

More than 300 hardcore militants have been neutralised He said development has begun returning to previously conflict-affected regions.

PM Makes Cricket Analogy To Explain India’s Growth Momentum Drawing a parallel with India’s passion for cricket, the Prime Minister said public interest in the country’s development has reached unprecedented levels. He remarked that just as citizens closely follow a T-20 World Cup score, people now seek a “running commentary” on India’s economic progress. According to him, this growing curiosity reflects the rising aspirations and confidence of Indians, which is strengthening global trust in the country’s future.

“When so many expectations are attached and the world is looking at our country, our responsibility increases significantly,” the Prime Minister said.

PM Modi On Confidence In India’s Future Concluding his address, PM Modi expressed confidence that the collective strength of 140 crore Indians would help the country navigate global uncertainties.

Drawing comparisons to India’s response during the pandemic, he said the same unity and resilience will guide the country through the current crisis.

“In our every decision, the interest of the public will be paramount,” he said.

Reaffirming his commitment to the country’s long-term goals, the Prime Minister added, “India will become self-reliant in every sector and India will become developed in every circumstance.” (Disclaimer: The above press release comes to you under an arrangement with PNN and PTI takes no editorial responsibility for the same.). PTI PWR PWR

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