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April 3, 2026
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Annual statement filing for liaison offices in India requires RBI-linked disclosure, electronic submission, and timely compliance.
Form 162 is an annual statement required under section 505 of the Income Tax Act, 2025, for non-resident entities maintaining a liaison office in India. It must be filed once in each tax year within eight months from the end of the tax year, electronically through the income-tax e-filing portal and digitally signed by the authorised signatory. The form captures head office, liaison office, RBI approval, Annual Activity Certificate, financial, employee, and counterparty details, and may be used for verification, international taxation, and transfer pricing cross-checks.
April 3, 2026
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Annual statement compliance for liaison offices requires electronic filing, certified activity records, valid PAN, and timely submission.
Form 162 is the annual statement required for non-resident entities maintaining a liaison office in India under the Income-tax Act, 2025, to be filed electronically once in each tax year within eight months from the end of the tax year. The filing requires particulars relating to the office's activities, approval details, employees, Indian counterparties, and audited financial information, along with a certified Annual Activity Certificate and valid PAN. The form cannot be submitted offline or edited after acknowledgment, and non-filing or delay may attract penalty, revocation of liaison office permission, and other assessment-related action.
April 3, 2026
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Immunity from penalty and prosecution through Form 161 depends on full payment, no appeal, and timely electronic filing.
Form 161 is the prescribed application under the Income-tax Act, 2025 for immunity from penalty and prosecution where an assessee accepts an assessment or reassessment order, pays the full tax and interest demand within the prescribed time, and does not file an appeal. The application is event-based and must be filed within one month from the end of the month in which the order is received. It requires structured taxpayer identity details, order and payment particulars, and a statutory verification, and is filed electronically with supporting assessment, demand, payment, and PAN documents.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Immunity from penalty and prosecution through Form 161 requires full payment, no appeal, and online filing.
Form 161 is the prescribed application under section 440(2) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 for seeking immunity from penalty and prosecution after an assessment or reassessment order. It is optional and event-based, must be filed within one month from the end of the month of receipt of the order, and is available only where the taxpayer has paid the full tax and interest demand and has not filed any appeal. The form requires order details, demand details, proof of payment, and PAN, and can be submitted only online through the e-Filing portal.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Refund of wrongly deducted tax through Form 160 requires full transaction details, supporting documents, and timely filing.
Refund of tax deducted at source and deposited to the Central Government is available through Form 160 where tax was not required to be deducted on the relevant income or transaction. The form is filed by the deductor before the Assessing Officer having jurisdiction, within thirty days from payment of tax, and must contain transaction details, deductee details, agreement particulars, and proof of the tax deducted and deposited. Supporting documents and verification enable examination of whether the refund claim is admissible.
April 3, 2026
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Refund of wrongly deducted tax through Form 160 requires proof that no tax was deductible and full TDS disclosure.
Refund of tax deducted at source and paid to the Central Government may be sought through Form 160 where the deductor contends that no tax was deductible on the relevant income or transaction. The form is the prescribed application under the Income-tax law and is to be used only in cases where tax was actually deducted and deposited, but the applicant later claims that the deduction was not required under the Act. It is filed before the TDS Assessing Officer having jurisdiction over the applicant, and the application is supported by the statutory particulars needed to test the claim of non-deductibility.
April 3, 2026
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Tax Clearance Certificate Form 159 governs clearance for persons leaving India and requires Assessing Officer issuance on Form 158.
Tax Clearance Certificate in Form 159 is issued by the Assessing Officer in response to Form 158 and is prescribed under section 420(5) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 read with Rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. The form records the departing person's identity details and travel-linked validity, is issued through ITBA functionality, and has no statutory timeline for issue. Form 158 is the supporting application, and the note states that the taxpayer cannot leave India without the requisite clearance certificate.
April 3, 2026
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Tax Clearance Certificate governs departure-related compliance and is issued by the Assessing Officer on a Form 158 application.
Form 159 is the Tax Clearance Certificate issued by the Assessing Officer in response to Form 158. It is not filed by the taxpayer, but is issued to the specified taxpayer through the ITBA functionality, subject to the requirements of the Income-tax Act, 2025. No statutory time limit is prescribed for issuance, and the certificate is event-based, depending on the travel requirements of the person leaving India.
April 3, 2026
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Tax clearance certificate requirements for persons leaving India are set out through electronic filing of Form 158.
Form 158 is the application for a Tax Clearance Certificate required from a person directed by the Assessing Officer to obtain clearance before leaving India. It is filed each time the requirement applies, captures travel, identification, business, and passport details, and must be supported by documents such as passport or emergency certificate, PAN, and travel booking records. The form is filed electronically through the income-tax portal and digitally signed; on processing, Form 159 is issued as the Tax Clearance Certificate.
April 3, 2026
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Tax Clearance Certificate filing under Form 158 requires mandatory electronic submission before leaving India.
Form 158 is the mandatory electronic application for a Tax Clearance Certificate for domiciled persons required to obtain clearance before leaving India under the Income-tax Act, 2025. It must be filed each time the person leaves India, through the e-filing portal only. PAN is mandatory, while Aadhaar is not required. Supporting documents include passport or emergency certificate details and travel booking documents. The form cannot be edited after submission, and verification may be completed through prescribed electronic modes.
April 3, 2026
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Foreign departure undertaking for persons without PAN or taxable income is proposed as a manual compliance form.
Form 157 is a manual undertaking to be furnished by persons domiciled in India leaving India at the time of departure under section 420(4) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 and Rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It applies only to persons without PAN or without income chargeable to tax. The form requires identity and passport details, an undertaking regarding PAN or taxable income status, and particulars of the foreign visit, supported by passport documents or an emergency certificate where no passport is available.
April 3, 2026
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Form 157 certificate filing rules for domiciled persons leaving India without PAN or taxable income
Form 157 is a proposed new income-tax certificate form for persons domiciled in India leaving India who do not have PAN, do not have income chargeable to tax in India, or are not required to obtain PAN. It is mandatory subject to notified exceptions, must be filed each time the person leaves India, and is to be submitted manually before the jurisdictional Assessing Officer with the prescribed identity documents. The form does not require proof of tax payment, Aadhaar is no longer required in the personal details, and corrections may be made before submission or later through the Assessing Officer.
April 3, 2026
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Form 156 filing requirement for Indian residents leaving India is being split into declaration and undertaking formats.
Persons domiciled in India leaving India must furnish Form 156 at the time of departure as an undertaking under section 420(3) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 read with rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026, subject to notified exceptions. The form is to be filed electronically through the Income-tax Department e-filing portal and requires personal particulars, travel purpose, duration of stay abroad, passport details, and supporting documents such as passport and PAN, or an emergency certificate where no passport is available. The form structure is being rationalised by splitting the existing manual form into Form 156 and Form 157.
April 3, 2026
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Departure undertaking requirement governs Form 156 filing, with PAN-based e-filing and limited verification options for domiciled persons leaving India.
Form 156 is an undertaking to be furnished by persons domiciled in India leaving India at the time of departure, subject to notified exceptions. It applies only where the person has a valid PAN and income chargeable to tax in India, and is filed each time the person leaves India. The form cannot be edited after submission and acknowledgement. Filing is electronic through the income tax e-filing portal, with verification by electronic verification code or digital signature certificate, and requires passport or emergency certificate details, without proof of tax payment or Aadhaar.
April 3, 2026
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No objection certificate for departing persons not domiciled in India issued as tax clearance through departmental process.
Form 155 is the no objection certificate and tax clearance certificate issued by the Assessing Officer to a person not domiciled in India under section 420(1) of the Income-tax Act, 2025, read with Rule 228 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It is issued in response to Form 154 filed by a person leaving India, records identity and travel details, and states the validity period of the certificate. The certificate is issued through the departmental ITBA functionality and may need to be shown to Customs or Immigration Officers if required.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Tax Clearance Certificate for non-domiciled persons is issued on Form 154 applications and may be required for immigration checks.
Form 155 is a Tax Clearance Certificate issued by the prescribed authority in response to Form 154 for a person not domiciled in India. It is not filed by the taxpayer, is issued subject to the conditions in the Act through the ITBA system, and has no prescribed statutory timeline. The certificate is event-based, depends on travel requirements, and may be produced before immigration officers if asked.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Undertaking for tax clearance on departure from India requires employer or other signatory support and manual filing.
Form 154 is an undertaking required from an employer or other person when a person not domiciled in India is leaving India. It is filed manually under section 420(1) and Rule 228, and is supported by passport or Emergency Certificate details. The form is generally attached to a request for a Tax Clearance Certificate, and processing results in issuance of Form 155.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Form 154 undertaking governs tax clearance for non-domiciled persons leaving India with India-sourced income.
Form 154 is the prescribed undertaking for a non-domiciled person leaving India with India-sourced income in connection with business, profession or employment. It is signed by the employer or other person concerned, filed offline before the prescribed authority, and is required each time such person departs India. The form supports issuance of a tax clearance certificate, requires a valid PAN, and is accompanied by a passport or emergency certificate, while Aadhaar is not required and proof of tax payment is optional.
April 3, 2026
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Tax recovery notice and certificate require payment within 15 days before recovery proceedings can begin.
Form 153 is the statutory Certificate and Notice of Demand issued by the Tax Recovery Officer for recovery of outstanding tax arrears under the Income-tax Act, 2025, read with the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It is an event-driven recovery instrument issued after default and a recovery certificate, may cover multiple tax years and multiple heads of arrears, and directs the taxpayer to pay within 15 days, failing which recovery proceedings may follow.
April 3, 2026
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Tax recovery demand notice under Form 153 requires payment of arrears within 15 days before coercive recovery begins.
Form 153 is the statutory Certificate and Notice of Demand issued by the Tax Recovery Officer for unpaid tax arrears, including tax, interest, penalty, fine, or other sums. It requires payment within 15 days and may cover multiple tax years or multiple heads of arrears in one notice. If payment is not made, recovery proceedings may follow, including attachment or sale of property and other enforcement measures, with interest, costs, charges, and expenses also accruing.

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Customs, DGFT & SEZ

Union Minister of Commerce & Industry Shri Piyush Goyal Calls for Making India’s IP Approval System Among Top Five Globally in Speed, Transparency and Efficiency

March 10, 2026

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Shri Piyush Goyal Calls for Collective Efforts to Foster Innovation Culture; Highlights 50,000 New Innovation Labs in Schools

India Registers 215% Growth in Patent Filings in a Decade; GII Ranking Improves from 81 to 38: Shri Piyush Goyal

Government Recruiting Personnel to Accelerate IP Approvals; Shri Goyal Stresses Transparency and Integrity

Union Minister of Commerce and Industry Shri Piyush Goyal today called for making India’s Intellectual Property (IP) approval system among the top five in the world in terms of speed, transparency and efficiency, while emphasising the need to strengthen the country’s innovation ecosystem and encourage wider participation from innovators, startups, MSMEs, women and youth.

Addressing the National IP Awards & IP Conference in New Delhi today, Shri Goyal said that faster and more efficient disposal of applications related to trademarks, patents, copyrights, designs and Geographical Indications (GI) would help promote a strong culture of innovation and enable innovators to bring their ideas to market more quickly.

Congratulating the award winners for their outstanding achievements, the Minister said the awards recognise the valuable contributions of scientists, innovators, technocrats, MSMEs, entrepreneurs, agricultural institutes and IITs who are playing a key role in shaping India’s innovation-driven growth. He said the awardees represent the spirit of New India—an India that embraces technology and seeks to remain at the cutting edge of global innovation.

Shri Goyal said that recognising such achievements sends a powerful message to the wider IP ecosystem to take up similar challenges and develop path-breaking ideas. He expressed confidence that the awards will encourage the winners to achieve even greater success in the future while inspiring others to aspire for similar recognition.

The Minister stressed the importance of nurturing curiosity, inquisitiveness and the spirit of inquiry among children from a young age. Encouraging young minds to explore new ideas and think beyond conventional boundaries, he said, is essential for building a culture of innovation.

Referring to the government’s initiative to establish 50,000 new innovation labs in schools, announced in the Union Budget, Shri Goyal said these initiatives are aimed at fostering creativity, experimentation and problem-solving among students.

He urged professionals, innovators and industry stakeholders to contribute to this effort by engaging with their schools and colleges as alumni, interacting with students through webinars or video conferences, and encouraging them to understand the value of innovation, entrepreneurship and problem-solving.

Referring to the recently celebrated International Women’s Day, the Minister highlighted the importance of integrating women more deeply into the innovation and IP ecosystem. He said that more women are entering the research field with science and technology as their focal areas, and emphasised that the participation of youth and women is critical in ensuring technological advancement and improving quality of life for citizens.

The Minister said India’s talent pool, strong skill base and large number of STEM graduates produced every year will significantly contribute to making the country’s innovation and intellectual property ecosystem among the best in the world.

Shri Goyal appreciated the efforts of the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks (CGPDTM) for relentlessly working to bring global best practices to India’s IP ecosystem and aligning it with international standards, including learnings from developed economies and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). He noted that the office began its journey with several challenges including shortage of staff, outdated technology and a large backlog of applications, but significant efforts have been made to clear much of the backlog.

He said that while certain challenges still remain in some areas, the government is recruiting new talent, strengthening capacity and enhancing skills to deal with pending cases and improve efficiency.

Highlighting some of the award-winning institutions, Shri Goyal praised IIT Madras for its path-breaking work and its startup incubation hub, which he described as truly phenomenal. Recalling his visit to the facility, he said the incubation ecosystem created there could serve as a model for upgrading other incubation centres across the country, especially in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities and remote regions including areas such as Sikkim and northern parts of India.

The Minister also noted the growing role of women in licensing of new designs and encouraged innovators to register new designs and traditional products under the Geographical Indications (GI) registry. Given India’s vast diversity and rich heritage, he said there is significant potential to increase GI registrations across the country.

Quoting Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Shri Goyal said that the rise in patent applications in India reflects the growing innovative zeal of the country’s youth, which is a very positive sign for the future. He said this growing enthusiasm among innovators is sending a strong message globally that India is emerging as a major centre of innovation and technology development.

Highlighting India’s progress in innovation indicators, Shri Goyal noted that the country has improved its position in the Global Innovation Index (GII) from 81st in 2015 to 38th currently. He also pointed out that patent filings in India have grown by nearly 215 percent in the last decade, with India’s global ranking improving from 14th to 6th.

Shri Goyal emphasised that innovation opportunities exist in everyday life and that identifying and solving such challenges requires an open mind and creative thinking.

Recalling the evolution of the national slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan”, later expanded by former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee with “Jai Vigyan”, the Minister noted that Prime Minister Narendra Modi further added “Jai Anusandhan”, highlighting the central role of innovation and research in India’s development journey.

He said India enjoys several demographic advantages including a young population with an average age of under 30 years, a balanced gender ratio and increasing participation of women in the formal workforce across sectors.

Highlighting the remarkable rise in women-led innovation, Shri Goyal said patent filings by women have increased by 345 times over the past 12 years, demonstrating a transformational change in the innovation landscape.

The Minister said India is witnessing an IP revolution with tremendous opportunities for innovators. Echoing the Prime Minister’s vision, he emphasised that the path forward lies in “Innovate, Patent, Produce and Prosper.”

Reiterating the government’s commitment to supporting startups, women entrepreneurs and micro and small enterprises, Shri Goyal said the government has already reduced IP-related fees by about 50 to 80 percent. He suggested that an 80 percent fee reduction be extended for women entrepreneurs, startup innovators and micro and small enterprises for filings in order to make the system more affordable and accessible.

He also proposed exploring fast-track mechanisms to support these applicants and encourage greater participation in the IP ecosystem.

Speaking about India’s global economic engagement, Shri Goyal said the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) does not mean closing doors to the world but strengthening international partnerships.

He noted that India has signed nine Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in the last three and a half years, covering 38 prosperous and largely developed countries, giving India preferential market access to nearly two-thirds of global trade.

He urged innovators and entrepreneurs to take advantage of these opportunities by developing new products, services and export markets.

Shri Goyal assured stakeholders that the government is recruiting a large number of personnel to accelerate IP approvals and reiterated his goal of making India’s IP system among the top five globally in terms of clearance speed.

He emphasised that the system must remain transparent, fair and efficient, and encouraged stakeholders to raise concerns directly with the Chief Controller or the concerned department if they face any difficulties. He also urged citizens to report any irregular practices in government processes, assuring that the government is committed to maintaining high integrity and seamless interaction between innovators and government institutions.

Shri Goyal concluded with expressing confidence that the collective efforts of innovators, institutions and the government will help transform ideas into impactful creations and accelerate India’s journey towards becoming a developed and prosperous nation.

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