Government fiscal receipts and expenditure: central receipts composition and devolution influence expenditure allocation.
The consolidated monthly accounts up to June 2021 set out central Total Receipts-composed of tax revenue (net), non tax revenue, and non debt capital receipts (loan recoveries and disinvestment)-and quantify transfers to states as devolution of tax share. Total Expenditure is divided into revenue and capital accounts, with revenue expenditure including disclosed amounts for interest payments and major subsidies.

Bank fraud prevention: strengthened detection framework, enforcement tools and audit regulation to deter and investigate large-value frauds.
A Framework for timely detection, reporting and investigation mandates banks to examine high-value NPAs for possible fraud, report findings to NPA review committees, initiate wilful default inquiries upon regulatory reporting, and obtain intelligence bureau reports on borrowers turning NPA; operational controls require identity verification of borrower signatories, consideration of publishing wilful defaulter photographs, rotational staff transfers, and authority to request Look Out Circulars, while statutory measures include attachment and confiscation remedies under fugitive offender legislation and strengthened audit oversight through an independent financial reporting regulator.

Depositor Education and Awareness Fund guides use of unclaimed bank deposits to promote depositors' interests under amended banking law.
Pursuant to the Banking Regulation Act amendment and insertion of Section 26A, RBI framed the Depositor Education and Awareness Fund Scheme, 2014, notified by Gazette; the Scheme establishes a Fund to be utilised for promotion of depositors' interests and other purposes specified by RBI, while RBI has advised banks via circulars to proactively locate accountholders and address inoperative accounts to reduce unclaimed deposits.

Government securities auction: re-issue of multiple bonds via competitive and non-competitive bidding, uniform and multiple price methods.
Announcement of an auction re-issue of multiple Government of India securities using uniform price method for three securities and multiple price method for one security, with an option to retain additional subscriptions. Up to a reserved portion will be allotted under the Scheme for Non-Competitive Bidding Facility, and both competitive and non-competitive electronic bids must be submitted on the Reserve Bank of India's E-Kuber system within specified windows. Securities are eligible for when-issued trading under RBI guidelines.

Central board composition: vacancies in non-official directorships raise nomination and regional representation gaps under statutory rules.
The central board of the Reserve Bank of India has multiple vacancies among non-official directors, including nominees from eminent persons and local boards; government nomination provisions and local board representation rules govern these appointments. Official representation on the board remains complete with the governor and deputy governors. Non-official directors serve for a defined term and may be reappointed, and past reappointments have occurred retrospectively, resulting in current gaps in the board's prescribed statutory composition.

Excise duty calibration on petrol and diesel funds infrastructure spending while retail prices remain market-determined.
Excise duty rates on petrol and diesel have been calibrated to generate resources for infrastructure and other developmental expenditure; duty increases raised excise collections to recoup revenue shortfalls from earlier international price declines. Retail petrol and diesel prices are market-determined and set by public sector oil marketing companies based on international product prices and exchange rates, while VAT on these fuels is imposed by states.

PMMY loan disbursement milestone: extensive microenterprise credit provided nationwide, supporting employment generation and state-level outreach.
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) disbursed over 11.29 crore loans amounting to about 6.41 lakh crore during FY 2019 20 and FY 2020 21 through Member Lending Institutions, providing institutional credit up to ten lakh rupees for micro and small enterprises. A national sample survey attributed approximately 1.12 crore net additional employments to PMMY for 2015-2018, with the Shishu loan category accounting for the majority share. Detailed state wise account and disbursement figures for the two fiscal years are reported by MLIs on the Mudra Portal.

Asset reconstruction company launched to consolidate and manage stressed bank assets for transfer to investors.
The government has established a Bad Bank comprising an Asset Reconstruction Company and an Asset Management Company to consolidate, acquire and manage existing stressed debt from banks for disposal to Alternate Investment Funds and other investors; the National Asset Reconstruction Company Limited has been incorporated and transfers will proceed under the Reserve Bank of India regulatory framework for ARCs, with identification and transfer of non-performing assets an ongoing process.

Government relief measures support health infrastructure and sectors through consolidated stimulus to sustain projects and economic activity.
The Government announced comprehensive relief measures across multiple sectors, including targeted support for health infrastructure, as part of successive Atmanirbhar Bharat packages and an additional COVID relief package. The measures comprise consolidated fiscal and monetary interventions intended to provide immediate sectoral support and sustain ongoing public and private projects, with specific components and allocations set out in an annexure and communicated by the Minister of State for Finance.

Financial inclusion expands digital access and consumer protection to widen affordable, safe financial services for underserved populations.
Financial inclusion is a central policy priority pursued through supply side outreach (branches, BCs, PSL) and accelerated digital adoption via the JAM ecosystem and modern payment systems; regulatory instruments like Financial Inclusion Plans, differentiated banks, PIDF and district digital enablement pilots aim to expand access and usage, while consumer protection, microfinance harmonisation and scaled financial literacy initiatives address quality and vulnerabilities, with a forthcoming Financial Inclusion Index to monitor Access, Usage and Quality.

Issue and regulation of share capital: draft circular seeks stakeholder comments on implementing amended banking law for cooperative banks.
The draft circular implements amendments to the Banking Regulation Act by prescribing how the issue and regulation of share capital and securities will apply to Primary (Urban) Cooperative Banks and invites comments from UCBs and sector participants; it also seeks stakeholder views on whether a similar approach should be adopted for State Cooperative Banks and District Central Cooperative Banks, with responses requested via email using the prescribed subject line.

Longevity finance hub: expert committee to craft regulatory roadmap for tailored wealth, insurance and health-linked financial products.
IFSCA has constituted an expert committee to recommend a roadmap for a Longevity Finance Hub in GIFT IFSC, focusing on regulatory requirements, product innovation and supervisory mechanisms for wealth management, health-linked finance, insurance and other investment products targeted at an expanding older demographic.

Regional language access to bank recruitment exams reviewed; committee constituted and ongoing PSB clerical process temporarily placed on hold.
The Finance Ministry clarifies that prior assurances about local language examinations applied to Regional Rural Banks, where recruitments have been conducted in thirteen regional languages to ensure a level playing field; for Public Sector Bank clerical recruitment, a Committee has been constituted to examine holding examinations in local/regional languages and the ongoing IBPS process has been put on hold pending the Committee's recommendations.

Auction of government securities: re-issues conducted via price-based and multiple-price methods with non-competitive allocation and e-bidding.
Re-issue auctions will sell specified government securities using uniform price auctions for three instruments and a multiple price auction for one, with an option for the government to retain additional subscriptions. Up to five percent of each notified amount is reserved for the Non-Competitive Bidding Facility. Competitive and non-competitive bids must be submitted electronically via the Reserve Bank's E-Kuber within prescribed time windows; auction results and payment dates are scheduled. Securities are eligible for "When Issued" trading under Reserve Bank guidelines.

Sovereign Gold Bond digital-payment discount lowers the payable issue price for eligible online applicants, encouraging digital subscriptions.
The Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme 2021-22 Series IV sets a published issue price per gram for the subscription period with a specified settlement date; applicants who apply online and make payment through digital mode receive a per-gram discount from that published issue price, reducing the payable price for those eligible online digital payments.

Government securities auction: re issue and new tenor offered via uniform and multiple price methods with non competitive bids.
Announcement of a Government securities auction conducted by the Reserve Bank of India offering specified securities under distinct mechanisms: price based auction with the uniform price method, a yield based auction, and a price based auction with the multiple price method. The issuer may retain additional subscriptions. Bids-competitive and non-competitive-must be submitted electronically on the RBI E-Kuber system within prescribed times, with a portion reserved for eligible individuals and institutions via the Non-Competitive Bidding Facility, and the securities eligible for when issued trading.