Interest subsidy schemes ease access to education loans through moratorium relief, online application portal, and credit guarantee.
Schemes provide interest subsidy relief by having the Government meet interest during the study period and moratorium, with accrued interest capitalised for EMI calculation. Central programmes include full moratorium interest subsidy for economically weaker students studying in India, overseas subsidies for meritorious minority and OBC students, an online Vidya Lakshmi Portal for loan application and tracking, and a credit guarantee mechanism permitting collateral free education loans within prescribed limits.

Assured pension guarantee: government-backed scheme secures monthly pension for eligible senior citizens under fixed tenure.
Provision of an assured pension scheme for elderly persons aged 60 and above offering guaranteed periodic payments linked to an upfront subscription. The assured return mechanism guarantees a fixed return payable monthly over a ten-year policy term with subscriber-chosen payment frequency; the State subsidises any shortfall between insurer returns and the assured return. The instrument is explicitly exempted from Goods and Services Tax and is limited to eligible senior citizens under specified purchase thresholds.

ADB annual lending proposals support infrastructure projects in India as indicative part of country partnership strategy.
Proposed multilateral financing under the forthcoming Country Partnership Strategy for 2018-22 includes an annual lending framework envisaging aggregate annual commitments for Indian operations to support infrastructure projects; the figures are indicative and were disclosed in a ministerial written reply in parliament as proposals subject to finalisation.

Executive primacy in tribunal appointments threatens tribunal independence, prompting constitutional challenge and scrutiny of removal and appointment rules.
The petition challenges the Finance Act, 2017 and rules made under it as conferring executive primacy over qualifications, appointments and removals of tribunal chairpersons and judicial members, arguing these measures compromise tribunal autonomy; it seeks declarations that the impugned statutory provisions and rules are ultra vires relevant enactments and the Constitution because they permit administrative influence over adjudicative bodies.

Appointed Actuary regulations set qualification, experience and duty requirements for insurers' appointed actuaries, following stakeholder consultation.
IRDAI issued the Appointed Actuary Regulations, 2017 establishing mandatory qualification, specialization and valuation experience requirements and prescribing the duties and obligations of an insurer's Appointed Actuary; the exposure draft was published for comment and 49 stakeholder observations were considered in finalising the Regulations.

Debt Recovery Tribunals expansion: new tribunals established and commenced functioning to enhance recovery infrastructure nationwide.
The Government established and operationalised six additional Debt Recovery Tribunals at Ernakulam, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Dehradun, Chandigarh and Siliguri, which commenced functioning in the financial year 2016-17 following a government decision, as announced by the Minister of State for Finance in a parliamentary reply.

Concessional lending to women self help groups reduces effective interest on prompt repayment and supports rural household coverage.
NABARD reports that many rural Self Help Groups hold savings with banks but primarily use a substantial share of those savings for internal lending. Women SHGs have been provided supported loan disbursements and, in DAY NRLM priority areas, are eligible for concessional loans with an interest incentive for prompt repayment that reduces the effective interest rate, thereby linking reduced cost formal credit to repayment performance and expanding access to finance for rural households.

Disinvestment via Offer for Sale: Government reduced stake in Hindustan Copper after OFS oversubscription and retail subscription.
Government disinvested 6.83% of paid-up equity in Hindustan Copper Limited through an Offer for Sale (OFS), initially offered at a floor price with a retail discount. The initial 4% offer included an option to retain up to 4% from oversubscription; non-retail bids were 1.71 times the offered size, triggering revision to 6.83%. The retail portion was fully subscribed, and government shareholding fell to 76.05%.

Repayment of Government Stock requires par payment at maturity and bank mandate or surrender for physical payment procedures.
Outstanding Government Stock is repayable at par on the maturity date with interest ceasing from that date. If the maturity date is a state-declared holiday under the Negotiable Instruments Act, repayment is effected on the previous working day. Payment to registered holders in Subsidiary General Ledger or by Stock Certificate must be made by pay order with bank particulars or by credit to an account able to receive electronic funds; holders must provide bank account particulars in advance. Absent such particulars, holders may tender duly discharged securities at designated paying offices up to twenty days before maturity to obtain repayment.

Integration of price data collection consolidates index compilation under a single field agency with mandated technical approvals.
The Committee recommended integration of price collection mechanism to rationalize data flow and consolidate administration, proposing integration of CPI Rural and CPI Agricultural/Rural Labourers data through TAC on SPCL-prepared technical adjustments, and assigning overall responsibility for integrating all price indices to the Field Operations Division of the National Sample Survey Office. It directed the Prices Unit of the National Accounts Division, in consultation with the Labour Bureau, to resolve technical bottlenecks for CPI Urban and CPI Industrial Workers and required TAC on SPCL approval for changes to the price collection design.

Per capita income reporting shows rising national and state incomes alongside noted increases in income inequality.
Estimates of national income and per capita income at current prices for 2014-15 through 2016-17 show increases; State/UT NSDP and per capita NSDP figures for 2014-15 are tabulated in Annexure I, with historical 1989-90 and 1992-93 per capita comparisons in Annexure II. Distributional assessment uses NSSO Lorenz ratios, which indicate increased inequality in rural and urban sectors across specified rounds, while government programmes aimed at inclusive growth and income gap reduction are listed.

Price fixing via a centrally controlled booking system deemed an anti competitive horizontal agreement, sanctioning cessation of the conduct.
The Commission found that CTOCC and four participating trailer associations used a centrally controlled 'Turn System' to effect unilateral price fixation, creating a presumption of appreciable adverse effect on competition under the horizontal agreement provisions, which was not satisfactorily rebutted, resulting in a contravention of Section 3(3)(a) read with Section 3(1); ten office bearers were held individually responsible under the liability provisions and the associations were directed to cease the anti-competitive conduct, though no monetary penalties were imposed given mitigating factors.

Fund of Funds for Startups mobilises investment support; initial allocations channelled through AIFs to early-stage startups.
A government policy establishes a Fund of Funds for Startups to provide capital via Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs) which then invest in eligible startups. The mechanism operates through a central corpus managed by a nodal agency, allocations to qualifying AIF intermediaries, and downstream deployment into startup portfolios; the document reports initial disbursements to the implementing agency, sanctions to selected AIFs, and those AIFs' investments into startups.

Fiscal measures under reorganisation law require central tax incentives to spur industrialisation; Andhra proposes an entrepreneurship scheme.
The reorganisation framework obliges the Union to adopt appropriate fiscal measures, including tax incentives, to promote industrialisation and economic growth in Andhra and Telangana; in that context Andhra Pradesh has proposed an Entrepreneurship Facilitation Scheme to advance industrial development in backward areas.

Border Haats expansion strengthens regulated cross-border trade via operational sites and bilateral agreements with neighbouring countries.
Establishment and expansion of Border Haats serves as a trade-facilitation mechanism to increase regulated border trade with neighbouring countries. Four haats are operational along the India-Bangladesh border; additional haats have been agreed bilaterally and a Memorandum of Understanding with another neighbouring state contemplates further mutually agreed locations.

BRICS trade cooperation deepened through coordinated frameworks for services, e commerce, IPR and investment facilitation.
Ministers adopted a coordinated suite of instruments to advance BRICS cooperation on trade, services, digital commerce, intellectual property and investment. Key adopted instruments include a Trade in Services Cooperation Roadmap, a BRICS E Commerce Cooperation Initiative, BRICS IPR Cooperation Guidelines, a Framework on Strengthening Economic and Technical Cooperation, Terms of Reference for a BRICS Model E Port Network, and Outlines for BRICS Investment Facilitation to guide implementation, capacity building and cross border procedural coordination.

Stand Up India Scheme loan facilitation requires branch-level loans including one for SC/ST and one for women entrepreneurs.
Stand Up India Scheme requires Scheduled Commercial Bank branches to facilitate at least two loans each for setting up greenfield enterprises, one to an entrepreneur from the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes and one to a woman entrepreneur. Implementation data for 2016 reported 21,735 entrepreneurs received loans and the government stated that no state-wise targets have been specified under the Scheme.

Free trade regime expanded: new trade and transit agreement in force strengthening bilateral trade relations and duty free transit.
The Agreement on Trade, Commerce and Transit establishes a free trade regime and provides for duty free transit of Bhutanese merchandise for trade with third countries; the new instrument, signed in November 2016, came into force by mutual consent with effect from 29 July 2017 and renews the legal basis for bilateral trade and transit arrangements.

De-licensing of paper industry: government supports sector via reconstituted development council and autonomous research institute.
De-licensing of the paper industry is identified as the sector's regulatory status and the government reported production figures for recent years. Government action comprises reconstitution of the Development Council for Pulp, Paper & Allied Industries and designation of the Central Pulp & Paper Research Institute as an autonomous body under the Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion to promote R&D.

Import standards require goods to meet domestic technical and safety norms and BIS certifications before market entry.
All imported goods must comply with domestic laws, regulations, technical, environmental and safety norms; the national standardisation regime mandates Standard Marks under licence and enforces Compulsory Product Certification and Compulsory Registration schemes to ensure conformity of imports and prevent substandard products. These compulsory schemes are applied uniformly consistent with WTO non-discrimination.