Execution of document requires assent and understanding; signature alone may not suffice under evidence and registration rules.

Execution and "executed" denote the act that renders an instrument legally operative - signing coupled with assent, comprehension and finalising acts - not mere inscription of a name. The Stamp Act expressly equates execution with signature and includes electronic attribution. Under the Evidence Act, registered documents dispel the need for attesting witness proof unless execution is specifically denied; however, a signature obtained by coercion, fraud, or without intent does not constitute execution for evidential purposes, and registrars cannot resolve such validity challenges.

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