Merger and amalgamation reorganise corporate ownership and require statutory approvals, prescribed accounting methods and specific disclosures. Corporate restructuring by merger and amalgamation reorganises enterprises to improve competitiveness and achieve economies, with merger defined as fusion or absorption and amalgamation as a statutory reconstruction resulting in transfer of all property and liabilities and substantial shareholder continuity. The Companies Act framework prescribes procedural steps, approvals and tribunal/governmental roles, while accounting is governed by either the pooling of interests or purchase method and specific disclosure and goodwill amortisation requirements apply following the amalgamation.