Specified fund definition expands PAN exemption eligibility for registered alternative investment funds and qualifying International Financial Service...
Tax exemption for specified legal-services authority income applies retrospectively, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and...
Approved resolution plans extinguish unsubmitted pre-approval tax claims, preventing later recovery outside the insolvency process and preserving a cl...
Transfer pricing comparability requires functional alignment and permits working capital adjustment, while APA margins cannot govern non-covered years...
Capacity-based cess on pan masala packing machines was examined against Article 14 because the levy charged identical cess within a capacity slab despite substantial differences in actual output. The article states that deeming production, rather than taxing actual production, lacked rational classification and created manifest inequality; the capacity-based levy, related Rules and consequential notifications were therefore invalidated to that extent. It also notes that restricting abatement to continuous machine non-operation of at least fifteen days was arbitrary because genuine shorter shutdowns received no relief. Parliament's residuary power to levy cess on ownership or possession of machines was upheld, subject to constitutional equality requirements.
Capacity-based cess on pan masala packing machines was examined against Article 14 because the levy charged identical cess within a capacity slab despite substantial differences in actual output. The article states that deeming production, rather than taxing actual production, lacked rational classification and created manifest inequality; the capacity-based levy, related Rules and consequential notifications were therefore invalidated to that extent. It also notes that restricting abatement to continuous machine non-operation of at least fifteen days was arbitrary because genuine shorter shutdowns received no relief. Parliament's residuary power to levy cess on ownership or possession of machines was upheld, subject to constitutional equality requirements.
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