Income tax rates and surcharge framework revised, plus a health and education cess applied on tax and surcharge. Amendments substitute year references and the First Schedule to prescribe updated income tax slab rates and surcharge structures for individuals, seniors, co operatives, firms, local authorities and companies for the assessment year commencing 1 April 2019, add a 4% Health and Education Cess on tax plus surcharge, cap surcharge effects relative to income thresholds, and amend Rule 8 to specify which prior years' agricultural losses may be set off against agricultural income for the assessment years commencing 1 April 2019 and 1 April 2020.