Exemptions for private companies: specified Companies Act provisions relaxed or modified, subject to shareholder protections. Notification under section 462 directs that specified Companies Act provisions shall not apply to, or shall apply with modifications to, private companies; key measures include permitting omission of cash flow statements for start-ups and small companies, conditional relaxations of related-party transaction and share-issue rules subject to member consent and borrowing thresholds, modified deposit acceptance and filing obligations, reduced board meeting and disclosure requirements for one person companies, small companies and start-ups, and conditional applicability linked to non-default in statutory filings.