Person chargeable with duty must be the importer at importation; subsequent purchasers cannot be held liable where beneficial owner rules did not appl...
International exhaustion of rights and refurbishment of end-of-life HDDs are examined: the noscitur a sociis principle informs reading of "changed" with "impaired." Reverse passing off is not a cause of action under the Trade Marks Act. Passing off requires goodwill, misrepresentation and probable damage; on the material before the court no prima facie misrepresentation or misappropriation of goodwill was shown. Statutory infringement requires use of the registered mark in the course of trade; removal of the proprietor's marks before resale means no use and thus no prima facie infringement. Consequently, interlocutory reliefs were rejected on these grounds.
International exhaustion of rights and refurbishment of end-of-life HDDs are examined: the noscitur a sociis principle informs reading of "changed" with "impaired." Reverse passing off is not a cause of action under the Trade Marks Act. Passing off requires goodwill, misrepresentation and probable damage; on the material before the court no prima facie misrepresentation or misappropriation of goodwill was shown. Statutory infringement requires use of the registered mark in the course of trade; removal of the proprietor's marks before resale means no use and thus no prima facie infringement. Consequently, interlocutory reliefs were rejected on these grounds.
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