Business reorganisation requires recognition of successor's modified return; draft orders against dissolved transferor quashed and fresh review direct...
Pre-commencement R&D deduction denied where business had not commenced; deeming benefit requires tangible start of manufacture or commercial exploitat...
Priority of set-off: brought forward business losses must be adjusted before unabsorbed depreciation; procedural safeguards required for invoking rest...
Discharge of surety by variation in the principal contract operates prospectively: under Section 133 a surety is discharged only as to transactions subsequent to an unauthorised variance, while Section 139 applies only where the creditor's act or omission is inconsistent with the surety's rights and impairs the surety's eventual remedy. Applying these principles, the sureties guaranteed liability up to the originally sanctioned cash credit limit and are discharged only for excess overdrafts occurring thereafter; there was no impairment of remedy, so Section 139 does not apply and liability remains limited to the sanctioned amount with interest.
Discharge of surety by variation in the principal contract operates prospectively: under Section 133 a surety is discharged only as to transactions subsequent to an unauthorised variance, while Section 139 applies only where the creditor's act or omission is inconsistent with the surety's rights and impairs the surety's eventual remedy. Applying these principles, the sureties guaranteed liability up to the originally sanctioned cash credit limit and are discharged only for excess overdrafts occurring thereafter; there was no impairment of remedy, so Section 139 does not apply and liability remains limited to the sanctioned amount with interest.
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