Admissibility of inquiry statements and electronic printouts in customs adjudication requires witness examination and cross-examination before relianc...
Money laundering property attachment and third-party encumbrance rights clarified; prior bona fide interests enforceable before confiscation, appeals ...
Entitlement to Notification No.25/1999-Cus depends on tariff classification: the tribunal applied the principal function/essential character test and HSN Explanatory Notes to distinguish relays (Chapter 85.36) from automatic regulators/controllers (Chapter 90.32). It found the devices and imported components are designed for protection and tripping of faulty electrical systems, not for stabilizing or regulating electrical parameters, and therefore the imported items qualify as parts of relays under Sl. No.112 of the Notification; appeals were allowed and the related matter remanded for fresh decision consistent with these findings.
Entitlement to Notification No.25/1999-Cus depends on tariff classification: the tribunal applied the principal function/essential character test and HSN Explanatory Notes to distinguish relays (Chapter 85.36) from automatic regulators/controllers (Chapter 90.32). It found the devices and imported components are designed for protection and tripping of faulty electrical systems, not for stabilizing or regulating electrical parameters, and therefore the imported items qualify as parts of relays under Sl. No.112 of the Notification; appeals were allowed and the related matter remanded for fresh decision consistent with these findings.
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