Timing mismatch in income recognition requires verification whether receipts were already taxed in an earlier year; matter remitted for fresh examinat...
FOB transaction value and export incentives: customs valuation cannot override contractual export benefits or support confiscation without valid proof...
Payments to medical consultants were held to be for independent professional services rather than salaried employment because consultancy agreements established a principaltoprincipal relationship. The consultants retained control over manner of service, and contractual supervision measures (fixed hours, reporting, leave rules, exclusivity clauses) did not convert a contract for service into a contract of service. Where consultants declared the income in their tax returns, the payer could not be treated as an assessee in default for TDS; the appeal by revenue was dismissed accordingly.
Payments to medical consultants were held to be for independent professional services rather than salaried employment because consultancy agreements established a principaltoprincipal relationship. The consultants retained control over manner of service, and contractual supervision measures (fixed hours, reporting, leave rules, exclusivity clauses) did not convert a contract for service into a contract of service. Where consultants declared the income in their tax returns, the payer could not be treated as an assessee in default for TDS; the appeal by revenue was dismissed accordingly.
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