Fraudulent trading requires cogent evidence of intent to defraud; ordinary-course payments protected, except post-insolvency withdrawals must be resto...
Religious purpose exclusion versus charitable purpose: non overriding religious objects do not attract Explanation 3, registration directed under sect...
Search-assessment proviso jurisdiction, time-barred valuation reports, and denial of cross-examination vitiate valuation-based and confession-based ad...
Whether disallowance under section 14A read with Rule 8D required prior recording of satisfaction: held that s.14A(2) mandates that the assessing officer must record satisfaction or dissatisfaction regarding the correctness of expenditure claimed before making an addition; absence of such recorded dissatisfaction renders the disallowance impermissible. Applying this legal precondition, the Tribunal and the appellate tax authority's factual findings rejecting the Revenue's adjustment were upheld and the Revenue's appeal dismissed. - HC
Whether disallowance under section 14A read with Rule 8D required prior recording of satisfaction: held that s.14A(2) mandates that the assessing officer must record satisfaction or dissatisfaction regarding the correctness of expenditure claimed before making an addition; absence of such recorded dissatisfaction renders the disallowance impermissible. Applying this legal precondition, the Tribunal and the appellate tax authority's factual findings rejecting the Revenue's adjustment were upheld and the Revenue's appeal dismissed. - HC
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