Transfer-pricing treatment of ITeS margins excludes pass-through tax recoveries and separate delayed-receivables interest after working-capital adjust...
Capacity-utilisation adjustments under TNMM can neutralise substantiated COVID-related idle costs where underutilisation materially affects profitabil...
TNMM functional comparability requires excluding rice manufacturers from a pure Basmati rice trader's benchmark and recognising operating export recei...
Working-capital adjustment subsumes delayed-receivable effects in TNMM benchmarking of captive software-development services, avoiding separate notion...
Transfer-pricing comparability requires exclusion of financially illogical super-profit comparables and correction of unsupported annual-report and ma...
Charitable character assessment preserves Section 80G approval despite inclusive spiritual teachings and incidental religious expenditure within the s...
Penalty proceedings for cash-loan acceptance require assessment proceedings and recorded Assessing Officer satisfaction; absent these, the proceedings...
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In a prosecution for cheque dishonour due to "funds insufficient," the court held that once the drawer's signature and dishonour are proved, statutory presumptions under ss. 118 and 139 NI Act arise that the cheque was issued for consideration and in discharge of a legally enforceable debt. The accused must rebut this by credible proof making the defence reasonably probable; a merely plausible explanation is inadequate, and no probable defence was established. The complainant's financial capacity need not be proved unless specifically disputed in response to the statutory demand notice, which was not done here. Service of notice was treated as compliant when properly addressed and sent by registered post. The revision was dismissed and the conviction and sentence were upheld - HC
In a prosecution for cheque dishonour due to "funds insufficient," the court held that once the drawer's signature and dishonour are proved, statutory presumptions under ss. 118 and 139 NI Act arise that the cheque was issued for consideration and in discharge of a legally enforceable debt. The accused must rebut this by credible proof making the defence reasonably probable; a merely plausible explanation is inadequate, and no probable defence was established. The complainant's financial capacity need not be proved unless specifically disputed in response to the statutory demand notice, which was not done here. Service of notice was treated as compliant when properly addressed and sent by registered post. The revision was dismissed and the conviction and sentence were upheld - HC
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