Arrest safeguards and transit remand requirements invalidated detention following inter-State transfer without communicated grounds or magistrate auth...
Arrest safeguards require disclosed grounds, relative intimation and transit remand, while duplicate prosecution under the CGST framework is unsustain...
Document Identification Number defects can invalidate GST assessments, with delayed challenges entertained conditionally where patent irregularities e...
Windmill commissioning evidence supported higher depreciation where grid connection and electricity generation proved operational use before the relev...
Pharmaceutical promotion and transfer-pricing comparability principles limited disallowances, while uncorroborated search allegations and unsupported ...
FEMA adjudication principles discussed include that procedural delay does not invalidate proceedings without demonstrated prejudice, particularly in complex cross-border investigations where reasons for delay are recorded. Transfers of bank shares to non-residents require Reserve Bank permission in the approved entities' names; an initially unauthorised holding cannot support later transfers under general permission, and civil penalties do not require mens rea. Corporate officers may incur liability for consent, connivance or neglect where they fail to exercise due diligence. Escrow and security arrangements are assessed by substance: custody of shares and title deeds securing overseas loans may constitute an unauthorised guarantee. Foreign-exchange repatriation duties do not apply to a person resident outside India.
FEMA adjudication principles discussed include that procedural delay does not invalidate proceedings without demonstrated prejudice, particularly in complex cross-border investigations where reasons for delay are recorded. Transfers of bank shares to non-residents require Reserve Bank permission in the approved entities' names; an initially unauthorised holding cannot support later transfers under general permission, and civil penalties do not require mens rea. Corporate officers may incur liability for consent, connivance or neglect where they fail to exercise due diligence. Escrow and security arrangements are assessed by substance: custody of shares and title deeds securing overseas loans may constitute an unauthorised guarantee. Foreign-exchange repatriation duties do not apply to a person resident outside India.
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