Necessary-party requirements limit impleadment of independent entities, while deferred consideration does not create an appealable adverse determinati...
Food supplement classification requires common parlance and authoritative tests, preventing treatment as proprietary Ayurvedic medicines without suppo...
Specified regulatory authority income receives conditional tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return f...
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Absence of separate books for the LIC commission activity justified only an estimated deduction, and the existing disallowance was upheld because the allowed amount broadly matched the admissible estimate on gross commission. Margin shortfall charges paid to NCDEX were treated as compensatory, not as expenditure for an offence or prohibited act, so they were held allowable as business expenditure and the disallowance was deleted. An ad hoc interest disallowance on borrowed funds was also deleted because the borrowings were shown to be absorbed in business assets and receivables, no specific non-business advance was identified, and the books were not found defective.
Absence of separate books for the LIC commission activity justified only an estimated deduction, and the existing disallowance was upheld because the allowed amount broadly matched the admissible estimate on gross commission. Margin shortfall charges paid to NCDEX were treated as compensatory, not as expenditure for an offence or prohibited act, so they were held allowable as business expenditure and the disallowance was deleted. An ad hoc interest disallowance on borrowed funds was also deleted because the borrowings were shown to be absorbed in business assets and receivables, no specific non-business advance was identified, and the books were not found defective.
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