Authentication of paper assessment orders upheld, while qualifying repairs, consumables and vendor advance write-offs remain deductible business claim...
Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Vicarious criminal liability of directors under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act requires strict compliance with the statutory conditions: the complaint must specifically aver how a director was in charge of and responsible for the company's business. General statements that directors managed day-to-day affairs are insufficient, and the complaint must also disclose who signed the dishonoured cheque. As the petition contained only general allegations and no specific role, participation, or cheque-signatory details, the court held that continuation of the proceeding against the petitioner would be an abuse of process and quashed it.
Vicarious criminal liability of directors under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act requires strict compliance with the statutory conditions: the complaint must specifically aver how a director was in charge of and responsible for the company's business. General statements that directors managed day-to-day affairs are insufficient, and the complaint must also disclose who signed the dishonoured cheque. As the petition contained only general allegations and no specific role, participation, or cheque-signatory details, the court held that continuation of the proceeding against the petitioner would be an abuse of process and quashed it.
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