Commercial dispute execution retains maritime character and may be maintained before the competent Commercial Court.

A dispute arising from maritime transactions and reduced to a foreign commercial decree remained a commercial dispute at the execution stage, because execution does not change the character of the original claim. The connected personal guarantee was treated as part of the commercial liability adjudicated by the foreign Commercial Court. On that basis, the Commercial Court with territorial jurisdiction was competent to entertain the execution petition. Supervisory interference in writ jurisdiction was also unwarranted, as no jurisdictional error, grave injustice, or manifest error was shown.

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Issues: Whether the execution petition based on a foreign commercial decree arising out of a maritime claim and personal guarantee was maintainable before the Commercial Court, and whether interference with the order rejecting the petitioner's objection was warranted in writ jurisdiction.

Analysis: The dispute arose out of maritime transactions and had been litigated before the English Commercial Court, where a final decree was passed against the petitioner. A commercial dispute under Section 2(c) of the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Act, 2015 includes disputes arising from admiralty and maritime law, and execution does not alter the character of the original dispute. The personal guarantee was connected with the commercial liability adjudicated by the foreign commercial court, and the Commercial Court having territorial jurisdiction was competent to entertain execution. No jurisdictional error, grave injustice, or manifest error was shown to justify supervisory interference.

Conclusion: The Commercial Court had jurisdiction to entertain and decide the execution petition, and the petitioner's challenge failed.

Ratio Decidendi: A dispute that is commercial in origin, including one arising from maritime transactions and enforced through a connected personal guarantee, retains its character at the stage of execution and may be executed before the Commercial Court having jurisdiction.

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