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Issues: Whether the assessee's application for rectification under section 154 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 could be rejected when a later jurisdictional High Court decision held that loss from the pension fund had to be excluded in computing the insurance business income under section 44 read with the First Schedule.
Analysis: A subsequent decision of the jurisdictional High Court or the Supreme Court can render an earlier order mistaken for purposes of rectification if the issue decided later is identical to the issue in the pending matter. The question was whether loss from the pension fund formed part of the insurance business computation or stood outside it because the related income was exempt under section 10(23AAB) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The later High Court ruling had answered that the pension fund continued to be governed by section 44 and that the loss was to be taken into account in actuarial valuation, making the contrary assessment order inconsistent with the correct legal position. The fact that the assessee had earlier taken a considered view or that the assessment had attained finality did not prevent rectification where the legal position declared later applied to the same issue.
Conclusion: The rectification issue was decided in favour of the assessee, and the rejection of the section 154 application could not be sustained.