Income tax schedule prescribes graduated rates and layered surcharges affecting individuals, firms, companies and withholding obligations. The Schedule sets graduated income tax and super tax rates for individuals, HUFs, firms, companies, local authorities and specified entities, coupled with an aggregate surcharge regime comprising a Union surcharge tied to salary and non salary tax components and a special surcharge measuring differences between tax on total income and tax on earned income. It includes caps limiting tax and surcharge relative to prescribed income thresholds, rebates for companies on dividend and royalty receipts with detailed reduction rules, and specified rates for deduction of tax at source distinguishing resident and non resident treatments.