Further capital investment in Air India will be evaluated by Singapore Airlines' board through a disciplined capital-allocation process. Assessment will consider the group's capital requirements, Air India's business strategy, operating cash flow, investment needs for aircraft and products, and multi-hub investments intended to support long-term growth and returns. As a significant minority shareholder, Singapore Airlines supports Air India's transformation programme with Tata Sons, but no commitment to provide additional capital is indicated.

GST paid on cancelled service-contract advances is adjusted through a credit note where an invoice was issued; a separate refund claim is required only where no output tax liability is available for adjustment. Where no invoice was issued, a refund voucher must be issued and GST may be claimed through FORM GST RFD-01. Invoiced goods returned by recipients are similarly addressed through credit notes. COVID-19 compliance relief extended the deadline for furnishing the Letter of Undertaking, filing GSTR-7 and depositing deducted tax, and filing eligible refund applications to 30 June 2020.

Semiconductor and artificial-intelligence cooperation centres on a six-pillar semiconductor strategy encompassing chip design, semiconductor machinery and materials, fabrication, ATMP/OSAT, research and development, and talent development. Japanese participation is sought across semiconductor materials and equipment, power semiconductors, electronics, AI, logistics and related advanced technologies. Development of semiconductor clusters is linked to reliable power, ultra-pure water, skilled manpower and social infrastructure.

PMJDY provides unbanked adults with basic bank accounts without minimum-balance or maintenance-charge requirements, free RuPay debit cards with accident insurance cover, and eligible overdraft support. Through the JAM framework, PMJDY accounts enable direct transfer of welfare benefits using bank accounts, Aadhaar-based biometric verification and mobile connectivity, reducing intermediary involvement and delays. The scheme emphasises rural, semi-urban, marginalised and women account holders while supporting access to insurance, pensions, savings, digital payments and credit, including MUDRA loans.

GST-TDS applies to payments to contractors, suppliers and vendors from 1 October 2018. Deductors must withhold tax at payment, release only the net amount, generate a GST Portal challan, and deposit the deducted amount through prescribed banking modes rather than book transfer. Drawing and disbursing officers must register for GSTIN, maintain separate GST-TDS accounts, file returns by the tenth day of the following month, and issue TDS certificates. The deposited amount is credited through the GST system to the deductor's electronic cash ledger.

Penalty for concealment or inaccurate particulars is not leviable on additional income disclosed in a valid revised return accepted in assessment, unless the return itself contains false, inaccurate or undisclosed particulars. Survey proceedings alone do not establish concealment for this purpose. Failure to strike off an inapplicable limb in a penalty notice does not invalidate proceedings where the assessment and penalty orders clearly identify concealment as the charge. Satisfaction for initiating penalty need not follow a prescribed form; a recorded concealment charge and the statutory deeming effect of the assessment-order direction suffice.

For GSTR-3B returns for February, March and April 2020, original due dates remained unchanged, but eligible taxpayers received nil or reduced interest and waiver of late fee if returns were filed within stipulated timelines. Non-compliance with those timelines attracted interest at 18% from the original due date, regular late fee and potential penalty. Late fee relief applied to specified GSTR-1 filings, while the rule 36(4) input tax credit restriction was applied cumulatively through the September 2020 return. Specified returns, tax collection statements, e-way bills and other compliance actions also received extended timelines.

Penalty for concealment of income or furnishing inaccurate particulars under Section 271(1)(c) is not sustained merely because additional income was disclosed after a survey. Where the revised return fully includes that income and scrutiny assessment accepts the returned income without addition or variation, complete disclosure does not establish concealment or inaccurate particulars. On materially identical facts, the penalty was considered unjustified and deleted.

Electricity transmission charges were treated as not subject to tax deduction at source as fees for technical services, so disallowance for non-deduction of tax could not be made on that basis. The deletion of the related disallowance remained intact because earlier years' treatment disclosed no distinguishing facts. Expenditure disallowance linked to exempt income required fresh factual verification because the earlier basis for deletion had been remitted for reconsideration. The Assessing Officer must examine whether exempt income was earned and, if so, the applicability and quantification of the disallowance.

Rassense Pvt Ltd reports crossing a workforce of more than 5,000 employees and projects revenue exceeding INR 600 crore. Its contract food services operations serve educational institutions, corporate campuses, healthcare facilities and industrial locations. New operations at IIM Jammu, IIM Bangalore and IIT Guwahati strengthen its nationwide institutional presence. Expansion is supported by academic institution partnerships, local workforce development, operational excellence, and technology-led capabilities in food production, food waste reduction and supply-chain management.

Advertisement, marketing and promotion expenditure and transfer-pricing comparability were governed by an earlier binding decision that was adverse to the Revenue. The advertisement, marketing and promotion issue was resolved in favour of the assessee. The earlier decision also supported exclusion of the identified company from the comparable set, resolving that transfer-pricing comparability issue in favour of the assessee. Both substantive issues therefore followed the prior binding determination against the Revenue.

Advertising, marketing and promotion expenditure does not attract the proposed transfer-pricing adjustment based on its treatment as an international transaction, the Bright Line Test, separate TNMM benchmarking, or a protective adjustment. Outstanding receivables cannot be separately characterised invoice by invoice by imposing a fixed credit period; an interest adjustment requires evidence of an overt or covert profit-shifting arrangement through delayed payments, with TNMM working-capital adjustment relevant to profitability. The arm's-length-price adjustment for fixed-asset purchases and consequential depreciation disallowance are unsustainable. All challenged transfer-pricing adjustments therefore do not survive.

Pre-CIRP GST dues of a corporate debtor are operational debt to be claimed before the National Company Law Tribunal, and coercive recovery is barred during the moratorium. Registration should not ordinarily be cancelled, while the IRP or RP need not file pre-CIRP returns. During CIRP, fresh GST registration is required and the IRP or RP must meet tax and return obligations. Transitional input tax credit is available for eligible invoices bearing the former GSTIN, and cash-ledger deposits in the former registration may be refunded despite non-filing of relevant returns.

Failure to furnish GST returns requires issuance of FORM GSTR-3A, allowing fifteen days for filing. If a return remains unfurnished after this period, the proper officer may make a best judgment assessment in FORM GST ASMT-13 using available return, e-way bill, inspection, and other information, and upload the assessment summary in FORM GST DRC-07. A valid return filed within thirty days of service of the assessment order causes it to be deemed withdrawn; continued default may result in recovery proceedings and cancellation of registration.

Unexplained expenditure under Section 69C requires material establishing that the assessee actually incurred the alleged expenditure. A third-party excel sheet suggesting on-money payment for property purchase, without receipts, statements, confirmations, material recovered from the assessees, valuation evidence, or other independent corroboration of cash payment, does not establish undisclosed expenditure. Uncertainty over the alleged booking date and banking-channel payments for the registered property in a subsequent assessment year further weakened the allegation. The proposed addition for on-money payment was therefore unsustainable, and its deletion was upheld.

Cyber-fraud awareness and digital banking safety were promoted through community sessions addressing phishing, impersonation, OTP and UPI fraud, QR-code scams, digital-arrest fraud, and fraudulent customer-care calls. Participants were guided to identify authentic banking communications, avoid sharing confidential credentials, verify callers and links before acting, and promptly report suspected unauthorised transactions. Customer vigilance, financial literacy, and institutional security measures were emphasised as complementary safeguards against digital financial fraud.

Interest awarded under Section 28 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 on enhanced land-acquisition compensation is discretionary and accretes to the enhanced value of the acquired land. It forms part of the enhanced compensation, including additional market value, rather than constituting a separate payment for delayed disbursement. This differs from Section 34 interest, which is payable solely because compensation, once determined, is paid late. Tax cannot be deducted at source from Section 28 interest treated as part of enhanced compensation.

Effective opportunity of hearing is required before an assessment is finalised. Statutory notices sent to an address where the assessee was not residing, including notices returned unclaimed, unserved or received by a tenant, may not establish valid service where the assessee was undergoing treatment elsewhere. Appellate remedies do not cure the denial of a reasonable opportunity at the assessment stage. The assessment and appellate order were set aside, with the matter restored for a de novo assessment after an effective hearing opportunity.

Withdrawal of prior GST clarification on Information Technology enabled Services takes effect ab initio to ensure uniform implementation of the Bihar Goods and Services Tax law. The earlier clarification concerning doubts about the GST treatment of ITeS services is withdrawn following concerns regarding its implications across field formations.

The QRMP Scheme allows eligible registered persons to furnish FORM GSTR-3B quarterly while paying tax for the first two months through FORM GST PMT-06. Taxpayers may use a fixed-sum method based on prior cash-tax payments or self-assessment after considering liability and available input tax credit. Outward supplies are reported quarterly in FORM GSTR-1, with an optional Invoice Furnishing Facility for selected invoices in the first two months. Timely fixed-sum payments protect against interest on interim shortfalls if the full quarterly liability is discharged by the quarterly return due date.