Business-deduction and industrial-profit computation principles cover accrued leave travel concession liabilities, allocation of common expenditure, and inclusion of subsidy and upstream discounts linked directly to petroleum marketing profits for section 80-IB purposes. Construction-linked interest, recoveries and tender receipts may reduce capital work-in-progress where inextricably connected with project implementation. Exploration costs under a production sharing contract, qualifying additional depreciation, business losses on under-recovery compensation bonds, employee-welfare and club expenditure, enabling-facility costs, trading write-offs, and bona fide foreign-exchange and commodity hedges are addressed as allowable business items. Exempt-income disallowance excludes interest where own funds exceed investments, while administrative expenditure may remain disallowable. Leave-encashment requires fresh factual verification.

ICES 1.5 commenced computerized customs-document processing at Vizhinjam International Seaport from 2 September 2025. The seaport is approved for import unloading and export loading within its specified customs area. Adani Vizhinjam Port Private Limited is custodian of imported goods pending clearance, warehousing, or transhipment, and of export cargo pending exportation. The EDI framework also authorises customs-duty collection and duty drawback or refund payments through the designated bank branch. Clearance-related redressal and ICEGATE support channels are available to importers, exporters, and customs brokers.

FORM GSTR-3B for November 2019 was required to be furnished electronically through the common portal on or before 23 December 2019 in Gujarat. The extended deadline was implemented through a further proviso in the earlier deadline notification under the State Goods and Services Tax framework, with effect from 20 December 2019.

Customs procedures at Vizhinjam International Seaport govern supplies to foreign-going vessels, crew sign-on and sign-off, hazardous vessel-waste clearance, transshipment of imported ship stores, and other marine services. Supplies require Shipping Bill assessment, gate entry, examination and supervised loading. Crew baggage requires customs examination and a gate pass. Hazardous sludge, waste oil and waste water require pollution-control licensing, monitoring, sampling and testing, with foreign-going vessel waste subject to import clearance and duty where applicable. Transshipment requires bonds, sealing, permit controls and supervised delivery. Returnable repair equipment requires prior permission, special gate passes and entry-exit verification.

Excisability disputes concerning whether processing amounts to manufacture require factual examination of the process undertaken and the goods produced. Where statutory remedies are available through an appeal to the appellate authority or an application to the Advance Ruling Authority, non-exhaustion of those remedies justifies declining writ jurisdiction under Article 226. The affected party must pursue the prescribed statutory remedy rather than seek writ adjudication of the factual excisability dispute.

Excise classification disputes concerning processing of imported mineral sands and the identity of the resulting product require factual determination through the statutory appellate mechanism. Writ jurisdiction under Article 226 is discretionary and ordinarily should not be exercised where an effective alternative remedy exists, particularly in fiscal matters involving disputed facts. A party cannot bypass the statutory appeal merely by invoking writ jurisdiction. The classification challenge must therefore be pursued through the prescribed appellate route rather than through a writ petition.

Gateway EXIM operations at Vizhinjam International Seaport permit only Direct Port Delivery imports and Direct Port Entry exports of eligible full-container-load containers. Less-than-container-load, loose, de-stuffing, carting and container freight station examination cargo are prohibited until a designated facility operates. Road transshipment requires registered authorised carriers or transshippers, electronic ICEGATE manifest filing, a transshipment bond and tamper-proof seals. Stakeholders must maintain SCMTR registration and electronically file sea arrival and departure manifests. The custodian must segregate transshipment and EXIM cargo and verify Customs out-of-charge before direct-port-delivery release.

Gujarat GST e-invoicing requirements are amended by replacing the reference to "a financial year" with "any preceding financial year from 2017-18 onwards." The relevant supply coverage is also extended to exports, in addition to supplies of goods or services or both to registered persons. The amendments operate under rule 48(4) of the Gujarat Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017, and are deemed effective from 30 September 2020.

Gujarat GST Rules permit SMS and OTP-based filing of nil GSTR-3B, GSTR-1 and GST CMP-08 filings, revise HSN disclosure requirements, and make pre-notice communication discretionary. GSTR-2A is replaced with a dynamic auto-drafted inward-supplies statement covering supplier invoices, amendments, notes, ISD credit, TDS/TCS credit, imports and SEZ supplies. Annual-return, reconciliation, non-resident taxpayer, refund, assessment, demand, recovery and payment forms are also revised, including reporting and ITC-related instructions for financial year 2019-20.

The amendments introduce the Invoice Furnishing Facility for eligible quarterly return filers, allowing first- and second-month reporting of supplies to registered persons without repetition in quarterly GSTR-1. They also introduce monthly FORM GSTR-2B as an auto-drafted input tax credit statement identifying available, reversible and unavailable credit from supplier filings, input service distributor filings and import data. Eligible persons may furnish GSTR-3B quarterly, subject to electronic option, return-filing compliance, turnover eligibility and monthly tax deposits through FORM GST PMT-06 for the first two months of each quarter.

The Foreign Assets of Small Taxpayers Disclosure Scheme provides an electronic mechanism for declaring specified undisclosed foreign assets and foreign income, subject to aggregate-value eligibility limits. Fair market value is generally the higher of acquisition cost and market value, with separate methods for bank accounts, securities, immovable property and partnership interests. Form 1 requires asset, income, valuation and supporting details. The income-tax authority determines tax, penalty or fee in Form 2; payment and proof are furnished in Form 3. Timely payment is required, with limited interest-bearing extension. Form 4 certifies validity, settlement and the specified statutory protection.

Substantial questions of law were identified concerning the genuineness of a baggage receipt, the acceptance of retraction statements, and the validity of absolute confiscation of gold biscuits. The appeal was admitted for consideration of those questions and directed to be heard with a connected appeal.

Judicial review of an interim tender clarification was premature because the communication sought commercial justification for quoted discounts to assess their sustainability and prevent disruption of medicine supply. Technically qualified bidders had submitted responses and supporting material, but no bid had been rejected or disqualified and no decision on the bids had been made. The tendering authority was required to consider that material and communicate a reasoned decision. The petitions were disposed of, preserving an aggrieved bidder's right to pursue available legal remedies after a final bid decision.

Corporate guarantees furnished by holding companies for subsidiaries constitute taxable supplies of services between related persons, including where provided without consideration. A guarantee is not an actionable claim, and a share-pledge arrangement may also amount to a guarantee where its operative terms secure the subsidiary's obligations. Gratuitous guarantees are not continuous supplies, but annual accounting disclosure may determine yearly valuation based on outstanding guaranteed debt. Rule 28(2) remains valid, but the requirement to adopt the higher of deemed value and actual consideration is read down where an actual commission is ascertainable. The valuation rule cannot apply to guarantees executed before its introduction, altho.....

GST portal service of a show-cause notice is invalid after cancellation of registration because the taxpayer cannot be expected to monitor the portal and must be served through an alternative permissible mode. Personal hearing is mandatory under section 75(4) of the CGST Act when requested in writing or when an adverse decision is contemplated, reflecting the audi alteram partem requirement. Failure to provide valid notice and hearing renders GST adjudication vulnerable. The adjudication order was quashed, with fresh notice and adjudication permitted in accordance with law, including a personal hearing if requested.

Penalty proceedings under Section 122 of the UPGST Act are subject to the proper-officer mechanism under Section 127, despite Section 122 not using the expression "proper officer". State circulars assign jurisdiction to the Deputy Commissioner for businesses above the prescribed turnover threshold, supporting the officer's authority to issue the show-cause notice. Although jurisdictional objections may be raised in writ proceedings, discretionary writ relief is ordinarily unavailable where the taxpayer participated on merits without objecting and later seeks to bypass the statutory appeal. The taxpayer was relegated to the appellate remedy and may seek Limitation Act protection if its requirements are met.

Section 35F does not require mandatory pre-deposit in legacy service tax appeals to be paid exclusively in cash or prohibit use of validly transitioned CENVAT credit. Credit carried forward under transitional provisions remains a vested credit, and its entry in the Electronic Credit Ledger preserves the right to utilise it. An administrative instruction requiring cash payment cannot restrict that statutory entitlement where no requirement exists to use the Electronic Cash Ledger. Debit of transitioned credit, resulting in credit to the Government, therefore satisfies the pre-deposit requirement. The Tribunal's contrary order was quashed, and the appeal was directed to be heard on merits.

High Level Committee on Banking for Viksit Bharat is proposed to comprehensively review the banking sector and align it with India's next phase of growth. It is intended to safeguard financial stability, financial inclusion and consumer protection, while providing views and recommendations to the Government on banking-sector development and reform.

Service of a GST show cause notice solely through the common portal, without acknowledgement of receipt or a reply from the assessee, was treated as insufficient to sustain ex parte adjudication. Applying the principle in Luxmi Traders, the High Court restored the proceedings to the show cause notice stage and required a fresh adjudication after allowing the petitioner to file a reply and be heard. The adjudicating authority must consider any reply and pass a fresh order in accordance with law, while retaining the ability to consider proceedings under the fraud provision.

Statutory appellate remedy against cancellation of GST registration was restored after dismissal on limitation. Applying the terms of an earlier High Court decision, the writ petition was disposed of without adjudicating the merits of the cancellation proceedings. The appeal must be decided on merits and cannot be rejected on limitation, thereby reinstating access to the prescribed appellate process.