Appeals filed by a purported legal representative of a deceased assessee are maintainable only where the applicant proves management of the deceased's estate, intermeddling with the estate, or that proceedings have been initiated against the applicant as legal representative under the Act. Mere assertion of representative status is insufficient. Without material establishing any of these circumstances, the applicant lacks demonstrated competence to maintain the appeals. Such appeals may be treated as premature, while permitting fresh filing once representative status is substantiated.

Section 153C requires a valid, actionable satisfaction based on seized material that pertains to the other person and can affect income determination for the relevant assessment year. A consolidated satisfaction note may be used, but it must identify the seized documents, relevant transactions and assessment-year-wise nexus, demonstrating application of mind. An identical generic note that omits these particulars fails the jurisdictional requirement. Such satisfaction is non est in law, rendering the assessment initiated on its basis unsustainable.

Section 153D requires informed, independent approval for each assessee and assessment year before assessments under Section 153C are finalised. Placing only draft assessment orders before the approving authority, while issuing a consolidated approval for multiple years and asserting review of case records, does not demonstrate consideration of the relevant records, seized material and year-specific draft orders. A mechanically issued consolidated approval therefore fails the statutory requirement. The approval covering multiple assessment years was invalid, resulting in the quashing of the Section 153C assessments for the relevant years.

Section 153C requires satisfaction linking seized material to the relevant assessee and each assessment year. A sale agreement dated 28.08.2018 could at most relate to Assessment Year 2019-20 and did not connect with earlier years. Recording one consolidated satisfaction note for Assessment Years 2013-14 to 2019-20, without separate year-wise satisfaction, was treated as insufficient to assume jurisdiction. On that basis, the Section 153C proceedings, consequential notices and assessments for all covered years were described as invalid and quashed in favour of the assessee.

Prior sanction for an order under section 148A(d) and notice under section 148 is jurisdictional and must be obtained from the authority specified under section 151 based on the elapsed period. For assessment year 2016-17, the applicable three-year period, including the COVID-19 relaxation, expired on 30 June 2021. Approval granted on 27 July 2022 therefore required sanction from the higher specified authority under section 151(ii), not the Principal Commissioner. The proviso introduced from 1 April 2023 did not apply to the order and notice issued in July 2022. Sanction by an incompetent authority rendered the reassessment proceedings invalid.

Reassessment beyond three years under Section 149(1)(b) requires material showing escaped income of the prescribed threshold represented in the form of an asset. Alleged bogus purchases are revenue items and do not satisfy that condition unless they result in an identifiable asset recorded in the assessee's balance sheet. As no material or allegation established that the purchases created such an asset, the reassessment notice and consequential reassessment were invalid, and the bogus-purchase addition was deleted.

BSNL VRS-2019 ex-gratia compensation is treated as retrenchment compensation eligible for full exemption under Section 10(10B), despite an earlier exemption claim under Section 10(10C). The exemption claim may be raised through a revised computation during appellate proceedings where it was not made in a revised return. Delays in filing first appeals by similarly placed employees may be condoned where lack of awareness, incorrect professional advice and parity with favourable decisions establish sufficient cause. The Assessing Officer must verify eligibility for both assessment years, grant the exemption where due, and determine resulting tax liability or refund.

Wind turbine generators assembled and erected on foundations qualify as movable goods where they can be dismantled, relocated and sold without damage. Applying the tests of nature and object of annexation, intention, functionality, permanency and marketability, attachment to the foundation serves stable and efficient operation rather than beneficial enjoyment of the foundation. Although the foundation remains embedded and immovable, the generators are not permanently annexed to it. Their supply together with associated services therefore constitutes a composite supply, rather than a works contract relating to immovable property.

The sealing of a tax consultancy office following a search and seizure is challenged on the ground that the Superintendent of State Tax lacked legal authority to seal the premises. The High Court issued notice to the State respondents, returnable within two weeks. As counsel accepted notice for all respondents, no formal notice was required; the petitioner must provide additional writ-petition copies within three working days. No determination on the legality of the sealing has been made at this stage.

Enforcement action under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act concerns allegations that an insolvency professional re-admitted claims earlier rejected as spurious and fraudulent during the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process. The alleged re-admission altered the Committee of Creditors' composition and facilitated consideration of a resolution plan allegedly submitted for, and funded through an entity controlled by, a company promoter under investigation for diversion of bank-loan funds. Adverse findings reportedly included acting beyond authority by relying on fabricated and improperly submitted material.

Alleged forgery and misuse of identity-related records are under investigation following operations at Aadhaar centres. Seized materials reportedly include forged birth, educational, residence, caste and citizenship certificates, records bearing forged signatures and seals, and equipment used for Aadhaar updates. Four persons were arrested in two operations for allegedly preparing forged records and using them to update Aadhaar cards. Cases have been registered under relevant provisions of the Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, with investigation continuing into the extent of the alleged network.

Tariff values for specified imports are substituted under the customs valuation framework, effective 11 August 2026. The prescribed values remain unchanged for crude palm oil, refined and other palm oil, crude and refined palmolein, soybean oil, brass scrap and areca nuts. Tariff values are also prescribed for eligible gold and silver imports, including specified gold bars, coins and findings, and specified silver forms, medallions and coins, subject to the stated exclusions for postal, courier and baggage imports where applicable. These values apply for customs valuation of the covered goods.

Privately placed municipal debt securities may have a face value of either Rs. One Lakh or Rs. Ten Thousand; securities issued at Rs. Ten Thousand must have fixed maturity and no structured obligations, and their exchange trading lot must equal face value. These requirements do not apply to public issues. Pooled finance vehicles or SPVs must implement a two-step escrow arrangement through constituent-municipality accounts and maintain an interest payment account and sinking fund account, including one year's interest obligation throughout the securities' tenure. Permitted credit enhancement includes cash collateral, state program equity, devolutions, guarantees and other suitable structures. Listed municipalities must submit half-yearly unaudited results within 60 days and annual audited results within 90 days, with immediate effect.

DGFT advises heightened vigilance when dealing with two identified Bhutanese firms following a complaint and the absence of substantive responses through diplomatic and administrative channels under the Foreign Trade Policy 2023. Export Promotion Councils, Regional Authorities, ECGC, authorised dealer banks and other stakeholders should conduct comprehensive due diligence, alert trade participants to the concerns, assess transaction risk before providing trade, credit, certification or facilitation support, and report adverse experiences, payment issues or contractual disputes. The advisory is precautionary and seeks to protect Indian exporters and trade stakeholders from potential risks.

Telangana GST corrigendum corrects G.O. Ms. No. 26 under the Telangana Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017. It replaces the reference to "the proviso" with "the provisos" and changes the period stipulated in paragraph 4 from seven working days to thirty days.

Exclusion from the applicability of section 25(6B) and 25(6C) of the Telangana Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 applies to non-citizens, Government departments or establishments, local authorities, statutory bodies, public sector undertakings, and persons applying for registration under section 25(9). The earlier notification is superseded without affecting prior actions or omissions. The exclusion operates retrospectively from 23 February 2021.

Revisionary jurisdiction cannot be invoked merely to revisit a deduction claim that the Assessing Officer examined through notices, workings and audit material, particularly where unchanged operational facts had been accepted in earlier scrutiny assessments. An assessment order is not erroneous and prejudicial to Revenue merely because a different view is possible after adequate enquiry. Capacity charges, energy charges and shortfall charges received under the prescribed electricity tariff form part of the sale consideration for power generation. Their direct, first-degree nexus with the eligible power undertaking brings them within qualifying business profits for the deduction.

FORM GSTR-1A is introduced as an optional, no-late-fee facility to add or amend current-period outward-supply particulars after filing GSTR-1 and before filing the corresponding GSTR-3B, other than amendments involving a recipient's GSTIN. Its particulars feed into GSTR-3B and are reflected in the next open GSTR-2B. Related changes incorporate GSTR-1A across outward-supply reporting, invoice, input tax credit, mismatch, reversal, refund, annual-return, and e-commerce reporting mechanisms. The invoice-value threshold for specified inter-State supplies to unregistered persons is reduced from 1 August 2024.

Tata Sons' leadership succession and governance framework have become central following the chairman's decision not to seek reappointment when his term ends in February 2027. The board has been asked to decide on a successor promptly. Unresolved matters include the strategic roadmap, losses and capital requirements in newer businesses, board representation, capital allocation, an exit route for the Shapoorji Pallonji Group, and the possible listing of Tata Sons. Future leadership must manage these issues while improving returns from investment-intensive businesses and maintaining established operations.

Interest-rate regulation for loans and advances is proposed to be harmonised across all regulated entities through a principles-based framework for fixed-rate and floating-rate loans. The framework would be calibrated to each entity's nature, complexity and scale, while supporting monetary policy transmission, credit-risk-based pricing, and fair, non-discriminatory borrower treatment. It addresses divergent commercial-bank practices in determining the marginal cost of funds-based lending rate and its components, alongside limited regulatory coverage of fixed-rate loans. Separate final directions are intended for each category of regulated entity after consideration of feedback.