Exemptions for Government companies: related-party provisos excluded for government-to-government contracts and approved unlisted deals. Where shares with differential voting rights exist, 'paid-up share capital' is to be construed as total voting power. Certain words in the company type description are omitted. The first and second provisos to the related-party transaction provision do not apply to contracts between Government companies or with the Central/State Government; unlisted Government companies are also exempt for other contracts if they obtain prior approval from the administratively responsible Central Ministry/Department or the State Government.