Government grant accounting now permits fair value or nominal recognition and two presentation methods for asset grants. Ind AS amendments allow non-monetary government grants to be recognised at fair value or at a nominal amount and permit two presentation methods for grants related to assets: deferred income amortised over the asset's useful life or deduction from the asset's carrying amount with recognition as reduced depreciation. Repayable grants are treated as a change in accounting estimate with specified application against deferred credits or immediate recognition, and related amendments to Ind AS 12, 16 and 38 align deferred tax, carrying amount reduction, and recognition options for intangible grants.