<h1>President lacked IEEPA authority to impose broad import tariffs; levies preserved temporarily pending appeal; consider Trade Act §§122, 301</h1> A federal appeals court held that the President lacked authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to impose sweeping import tariffs but preserved the levies temporarily to allow further appeal. The court largely affirmed a lower trade court's finding that declaring a national emergency over the trade deficit and using IEEPA to levy broad 'reciprocal' and separate 'trafficking' tariffs exceeded executive power. Plaintiffs argued IEEPA does not authorize tariffs and that longstanding trade deficits are not an 'unusual and extraordinary' emergency; the government warned striking the tariffs could require large refunds to the Treasury. The administration may pursue narrower statutory routes (e.g., Trade Act sections 122 and 301).