<h1>New Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill 2025 Modernizes Maritime Law, Enhances Clarity, and Reduces Litigation Risks</h1> Parliament enacted a new Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2025, replacing the century-old Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1925, to modernize and simplify maritime law in India. The legislation maintains the substantive provisions of the previous Act, which aligns with international maritime conventions, while improving clarity and reducing litigation risks. The Bill enhances government authority to adapt to evolving international rules and introduces parliamentary oversight of executive notifications. The passage occurred amid opposition protests demanding discussion on unrelated issues, with the Bill ultimately approved by voice vote despite calls for division. The update aims to facilitate ease of doing business for exporters, importers, and shipping professionals by replacing outdated colonial-era legislation with a streamlined legal framework.