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        Customs, DGFT & SEZ

        Press Note 7 (2008) - Consolidated Policy on Foreign Direct Investment

        June 16, 2008

        📋
        Contents
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        After the review of the policy on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) undertaken in 2005-06, summary of the policy was notified vide Press Note 4 (2006).

        2.         Thereafter, further policy revisions were issued vide Press Note 5(2006) and Press Note 2 (2007) and 3(2007).  A comprehensive review of the FDI policy was undertaken in 2007-08 and the policy measures were notified vide Press Note 1-6 (2008).

        3.         A summary of the FDI policy and regulations applicable in various sectors and activities after incorporating the policy changes up to 31-3-2008 is as below:  

        POLICY ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT -- (31st March 2008)

        I.          Sectors prohibited for FDI

        i.                     Retail Trading (except single brand product retailing)

        ii.                   Atomic Energy

        iii.                  Lottery Business

        iv.                  Gambling and Betting

        v.                    Business of chit fund

        vi.                  Nidhi Company

        vii.                 Trading in Transferable Development Rights (TDRs).

        viii.               Activity/sector not opened to private sector investment

        II.                  Sector-specific policy for FDI:

        In the following sectors/activities, FDI is allowed up-to the limit indicated below subject to other conditions as indicated.

         

        Sr.

        No.

        Sector/Activity

        FDI Cap /

        Equity

        Entry

        Route

        Other  conditions

        I

        AGRICULTURE

        1.

        Floriculture, Horticulture, Development of Seeds, Animal Husbandry, Pisciculture, Aqua-culture and Cultivation of Vegetables & Mushrooms under controlled conditions and services related to agro and allied sectors.

         

        Note:Besides the above, FDI is not allowed in any other agricultural sector/activity

        100%

        Automatic

         

        2.

        Tea  Sector,

        including tea

        plantation

        Note:Besides the above, FDI is not allowed in any other plantation sector/activity

        100%

        FIPB

        Subject to divestment of 26% equity in favour of Indian partner/Indian public within 5 years and prior approval of State Government concerned in case of any change in future  land use.

        II

        INDUSTRY

        II A

        MINING

        3.

        Mining covering

        exploration and

        mining of diamonds

        & precious stones;

        gold, silver and

        minerals.

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to Mines & Minerals (Development & Regulation) Act, 1957 www.mines.nic.in

        Press Note 18 (1998) and Press Note 1 (2005) are not applicable for setting up 100% owned subsidiaries in so far as the mining sector is concerned, subject to a declaration from the applicant that he has no existing joint venture for the same area and /or the particular mineral.

        4.

        Coal  &  Lignite

        mining for captive

        consumption by

        power projects,

        and iron & steel, cement  production and other eligible activities permitted under the Coal Mines

        (Nationalisation) Act, 1973.

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to provisions of Coal Mines

        (Nationalization) Act, 1973

        www.coal.nic.in

        5.

        Mining and mineral separation of titanium bearing minerals and ores, its value addition and integrated activities .

        Note : FDI will not be allowed in mining of "prescribed substances" listed in Government of India notification No. S.O. 61(E) dt. 18.1.2006 issued by the Department of Atomic Energy under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962.  

        100%

        FIPB

        Subject to sectoral regulations and the Mines and Minerals (Development & Regulation) Act, 1957 and the following conditions-

        i. value addition facilities are set up within India along with transfer of technology;

        ii. disposal of tailing during the mineral separation shall be carried out in accordance with regulations framed by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board such Atomic Energy (Radiation Protection) Rules 2004 and the Atomic Energy (Safe Disposal of Radioactive Wastes) Rules 1987.

        II B

        MANUFACTURING

         6.

        Alcohol-

        Distillation  &

        Brewing

         

        100%

         

        Automatic

        Subject to license by appropriate authority

         7.

        Cigars  &

        Cigarettes-

        Manufacture

         

        100%

         

        FIPB

        Subject to industrial license under the Industries (Development & Regulation) Act, 1951

         8.

        Coffee&  Rubber

        processing  &

        warehousing

         

        100%

        Automatic

         

         9.

        Defence

        production

         

        26%

        FIPB

        Subject to licensing under Industries (Development & Regulation) Act, 1951 and guidelines on FDI in production of arms & ammunition.

         10.

        Hazardous

        chemicals,  viz.,

        hydrocyanic acid

        and its derivatives;

        phosgene and its

        derivatives; and

        isocyanates and diisocyantes of hydrocarbon.

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to industrial license under the Industries (Development & Regulation) Act, 1951 and other sectoral regulations.

         11.

        Industrial

        explosives -

        Manufacture

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to industrial license under Industries (Development & Regulation) Act, 1951 and regulations under Explosives Act, 1898

        12.

        Drugs & Pharmaceuticals including those involving use of recombinant DNA technology

        100%

        Automatic

         

        II C

        POWER

        13.

        Power including

        generation

        (except Atomic

        energy);

        transmission, distribution and

        Power Trading.

         

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to provisions of the Electricity Act, 2003 www.powermin.nic.in

        III

        SERVICES

        14.

        CIVIL AVIATION SECTOR

        (i)

        Airports-

        a.

        Greenfield projects

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to sectoral regulations notified by Ministry of Civil Aviation www civilaviation.nic. in

         

        b.

        Existing projects

        100%

        FIPB

        beyond

        74%

        Subject to sectoral regulations notified by Ministry of Civil Aviation www.civilaviation.nic. in

         

        (ii)

        Air Transport Services including Domestic Scheduled Passenger Airlines; Non-Schedules Airlines; Chartered Airlines; Cargo Airlines; Helicopter and Seaplane Services

               c.

        Scheduled Air Transport

        Services/ Domestic Scheduled Passenger Airline

        49%- FDI;

        100%- for

        NRI

        investment

        Automatic

        Subject to no direct or indirect participation by foreign airlines and sectoral regulations..

               d.

        Non-Scheduled Air Transport Service/ Non-Scheduled airlines, Chartered airlines, and Cargo airlines

        74%- FDI

        100%- for NRIs investment

        Automatic

        Subject to no direct or indirect participation by foreign airlines in Non-Scheduled and Chartered airlines. Foreign airlines are allowed to participate in the equity of companies operating Cargo airlines. Also subject to sectoral regulations.

               e.

        Helicopter Services/Seaplane services requiring DGCA approval

        100%

        Automatic

        Foreign airlines are allowed to participate in the equity of companies operating Helicopter and seaplane airlines. Also subject to sectoral regulations.

        (iii)

        Other services under Civil Aviation Sector

              f.

        Ground Handling Services

        74%- FDI

        100%- for NRIs investment

        Automatic

        Subject to sectoral regulations and security clearance.

              g.

        Maintenance and Repair organizations; flying training institutes; and technical training institutions

         

        100%

        Automatic

         

         15.

        Asset

        Reconstruction

        Companies

         

        49%

        (only

        FDI)

         

        FIPB

        Where any individual investment exceeds 10% of the equity, provisions of Section 3(3)(f) of Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 should be complied with. www.finmin.nic.in

        16.

        Banking  -

        Private  sector

        74%

        (FDI+FII)

        Automatic

        Subject to guidelines for setting up branches / subsidiaries of foreign banks issued by RBI. www.rbi.org.in

        17.

        Broadcasting

        a.

        FM Radio

        FDI +FII

        investment

        up to 20%

        FIPB

        Subject to Guidelines notified by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. www.mib.nic.in

        b.

        Cable network

        49%

        (FDI+FII)

        FIPB

        Subject to Cable Television Network Rules (1994) Notified by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting.  www.mib.nic.in

        c.

        Direct-To-Home

        49%

        (FDI+FII).

        Within this

        limit, FDI

        component not to exceed

        20%

        FIPB

        Subject to guidelines issued by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. www.mib.nic.in

        d.

        Setting up

        hardware facilities

        such as up-linking,

        HUB, etc

        49%

        (FDI+FII)

        FIPB

        Subject to Up-linking Policy notified by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. www.mib.nic.in

        e.

        Up-linking a News

        & Current Affairs

        TV Channel

        26%

        FDI+FII

        FIPB

        Subject to guidelines issued by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. www.mib.nic.in

        f.

        Up-linking a Non-

        news & Current

        Affairs TV

        Channel

        100%

        FIPB

        Subject to guidelines issued by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. www.mib.nic.in

        18.

        Commodity Exchanges

        49% (FDI+FII)

        Investment by Registered FII under PIS will be limited to 23% and

        Investment under FDI Scheme limited to 26%.

        FIPB

        FII purchases shall be restricted to secondary market only.

        No foreign investor/entity, including persons acting in concert, will hold more than 5% of the equity in these companies.

        19.

        Construction

        Development

        projects, including

        housing,

        commercial

        premises, resorts,

        educational

        institutions,

        recreational

        facilities, city

        and regional

        level infrastructure,

        townships.

         

        Note:: FDI is not allowed in Real Estate Business

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to conditions notified vide Press Note 2

        (2005 Series) including:

        a. minimum capitalization of US$ 10 million for

        wholly owned subsidiaries and US$ 5 million for joint venture. The funds would have to be brought within six months of commencement of business of the Company.

        b. Minimum area to be developed under each project- 10 hectares in case of development of serviced housing plots; and built-up area of 50,000 sq. mts. in case of construction development project; and any of the above in case of a combination project.

        [Note 1:  For  investment  by NRIs,  the  conditions mentioned  in  Press Note 2 / 2005 are not applicable.

        Note 2: For investment in SEZs, Hotels & Hospitals, conditions mentioned in Press Note 2(2005) are not applicable]

        20.

        Courier  services

        for carrying packages, parcels and other items which do not come within the ambit of the Indian Post Office Act, 1898.

        100%

        FIPB

        Subject to existing laws and exclusion of activity relating to distribution of letters, which is exclusively reserved for the State. www.indiapost.gov.in

        21.

        Credit Information Companies

         

        49 % (FDI+FII)

        Investment by Registered FII under PIS will be limited to 24% only in the CICs listed at the Stock Exchanges within the overall limit of 49% foreign investment.

        FIPB

         

         

         

        Foreign Investment in CIC will be subject to Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act, 2005.

        FII investment will be subject to the conditions that:

        (a) No single entity should directly or indirectly hold more than 10% equity

        (b) Any acquisition in excess of 1% will have to be reported to RBI as a reporting requirement; and

        (c) FIIs investing in CICs shall not seek a representation on the Board of Directors based upon their shareholding.

         22.

        Industrial Parks both setting up and in established Industrial Parks

        100%

        Automatic

        Conditions in Press Note 2(2005) applicable for construction development projects would not apply provided the Industrial Parks meet with the under-mentioned conditions-

        i. it would comprise of a minimum of 10 units and no single unit shall occupy more than 50% of the allocable area;

        ii. the minimum percentage of the area to be allocated for industrial activity shall not be less than 66% of the total allocable area.

         23

        Insurance

        26%

        Automatic

        Subject to licensing by the Insurance Regulatory & Development Authority

        www.irda.nic.in

         24.

        Investing

        companies  in

        infrastructure /

        services  sector

        (except  telecom

        sector)

        100%

        FIPB

        Where there is a prescribed cap for foreign investment, only the direct investment will be considered for the prescribed cap and foreign investment in an investing company will not be set off against this cap provided the foreign direct investment in such investing company does not exceed 49% and the management of the investing company is with the Indian owners.

        25.

        Non  Banking  Finance  Companies

        i)

         

         

        ii)

         

         

         

         

        iii)

         

         

         

        iv)

         

         

        v)

         

        vi)

         

         

        vii)

         

        viii)

         

        ix)

         

        x)

         

         

        xi)

         

         

        xii)

         

         

        xiii)

         

         

        xiv)

         

        xv)

         

         

        xvi)

         

         

        xvii)

         

         

        xviii)

         

        Merchant

        Banking

         

        Underwriting

        Portfolio

        Management

        Services

         

        Investment

        Advisory

        Services

         

        Financial

        Consultancy

         

        Stock  Broking

         

        Asset

        Management

         

        Venture  Capital

         

        Custodial

        Services

         

        Factoring

         

        Credit  Rating

        Agencies

         

        Financial Leasing & Hire Purchase

         

        Finance

         

        Housing

        Finance

        Forex  Broking

         

        Credit card

        Business

         

        Money

        changing

        business

         

        Micro  credit

         

        Rural credit

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to:

        a. minimum capitalization norms for fund based NBFCs - US$ 0.5 million to be brought upfront for FDI up to 51%;  US$ 5 million to be brought upfront for FDI above 51% and up to 75%; and US$ 50 million out of which US$ 7.5 million to be brought upfront and the balance in 24 months for FDI beyond 75% and up to 100%.

        b. minimum capitalization norms for non-fund based NBFC activities- US$ 0.5 million.

        c. foreign investors can set up 100% operating subsidiaries without the condition to disinvest a minimum of 25% of its equity to Indian entities subject to bringing in US$ 50 million without any restriction on number of operating subsidiaries without bringing additional capital.

        d. joint venture operating NBFC's that have 75% or less than 75% foreign investment will also be allowed to set up subsidiaries for undertaking other NBFC activities subject to the subsidiaries also complying with the applicable minimum capital inflow.

        e. compliance with the guidelines of the RBI.

        f. The minimum capitalization norms would apply would be applicable where the  foreign holding in a NBFC(both direct and indirect)  exceeds the limits indicated at (a) above

        g. The capital for the purpose of minimum capitalization norms shall consist of ordinary shares only.

        26.

        Petroleum  &  Natural  Gas  sector

         

        a.

        Refining

        49% in

        case  of

        PSUs

        100% in

        case  of

        Private

        companies

         

        FIPB

        (in case of

        PSUs)

         

        Automatic

        (in case of

        private

        companies)

        Subject to Sectoral policy

        www.petroleum.nic.in and no divestment or dilution of domestic equity in the existing PSUs.

        b.

        Other than

        Refining and

        including market

        study and

        formulation;

        investment/

        financing; setting

        up infrastructure

        for marketing in

        Petroleum &

        Natural Gas

        sector.

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to sectoral regulations issued by Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas

        www.petroleum.nic.in

        27.

        Print Media

        a.

        Publishing of

        newspaper  and

        periodicals

        dealing with

        news and current affairs

        26%

        FIPB

        Subject to Guidelines notified by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. www.mib.nic.in

        b.

        Publishing of

        scientific

        magazines/

        specialty

        journals/

        periodicals

        100%

        FIPB

        Subject to guidelines issued by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. www.mib.nic.in

        28.

        Telecommunications

        a.

        Basic and

        cellular, Unified

        Access  Services,

        National/

        International

        Long Distance,

        V-Sat, Public

        Mobile Radio

        Trunked

        Services

        (PMRTS),

        Global Mobile

        Personal

        Communications

        Services

        (GMPCS) and

        other value

        added telecom

        services

         

        74%

        (Including

        FDI, FII,

        NRI,

        FCCBs,

        ADRs,

        GDRs,

        convertible

        preference

        shares, and

        proportio-

        nate

        foreign

        equity in

        Indian

        promoters/

        Investing

        Company)

        Automatic

        up to

        49%.

         

         

        FIPB

        beyond

        49%.

        Subject to guidelines notified in the PN   3(2007)

        b.

        ISP with

        gateways, radio-

        paging, end-to-

        end bandwidth.

        74%

        Automatic

        up to 49%.

         

        FIPB

        beyond

        49%.

        Subject to licensing and security requirements notified by the Dept. of  Telecommunications.

        www.dotindia.com

        c.

        (a) ISP without

        gateway,

        (b) infrastructure

        provider

        providing dark

        fibre, right of way,duct space,tower (Category I);

        (c) electronic

        mail and voice

        mail

        100%

        Automatic

        up to 49%.

         

         

        FIPB

        beyond

        49%.

        Subject to the condition that such companies shall divest 26% of their equity in favour of Indian public in 5 years, if these companies are listed in other parts of the world. Also subject to licensing and security requirements, where required.

        www.dotindia.com

        d.

        Manufacture of

        telecom

        equipments

        100%

        Automatic

        Subject to sectoral requirements.

        www.dotindia.com

        29.

        Trading

        a.

         

         

         

        b.

         

         

        c.

         

         

         

         

         

         

        d.

         

         

         

         

         

         

        e.

        Wholesale/cash

        & carry trading

         

         

        Trading for

        exports

         

         

        Trading of items

        sourced from small scale sector

         

         

         

        Test marketing

        of such items for which a company has approval for manufacture

         

         

        Single Brand

        product retailing

         

        100%

         

         

         

        100%

         

         

        100%

         

         

         

         

         

        100%

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

        51%

        Automatic

         

         

         

        Automatic

         

         

        FIPB

         

         

         

         

         

        FIPB

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

        FIPB

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

        Subject to the condition that the test marketing approval will be for a period of two years and I nvestment in setting up manufacturing facilities comomences simultaneously with test marketing.

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

        Subject to guidelines for FDI in trading issued by Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion vide

        Press Note 3 (2006 Series).

         

        30.

        Satellites  -

        Establishment

        and operation

        74%

        FIPB

        Subject to Sectoral guidelines issued by Department of Space/ISRO

        www.isro.org

        31.

        Special

        Economic Zones

        and Free Trade

        Warehousing

        Zones covering

        setting up of these Zones and setting up units in the Zones

        100%

         

        Automatic

        Subject to Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 and the Foreign Trade Policy.

        www.sezindia.nic.in

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

         II.       In Sectors/Activities not listed above, FDI is permitted up to 100% on the automatic route subject to sectoral rules/ regulations applicable.

        III.              Prior Government approval for FDI required in the following circumstances:

        i)               where provisions of Press Note 1 (2005 Series) issued by the Government of India are attracted;

        ii)              where more than 24% foreign equity is proposed to be inducted for manufacture of items reserved for the Small Scale sector.

        Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, Ministry of Commerce & Industry

        New Delhi, 16th June, 2008

        RJ/MRS

         

        Foreign investment caps and entry routes clarified; automatic admission or prior government approval required with sectoral conditions. The policy sets a sectoral matrix assigning permitted foreign equity shares, entry routes (automatic or prior government approval) and accompanying conditions. It lists prohibited sectors, allows full foreign ownership in unlisted sectors subject to sectoral rules, and imposes recurring conditions such as licensing, compliance with sector statutes, mandatory minority divestment to Indian partners/public for specified activities, limits on foreign participation in certain services, and minimum capitalization or project-size requirements for designated sectors.
                          Cases where this provision is explicitly mentioned in the judgment/order text; may not be exhaustive. To view the complete list of cases mentioning this section, Click here.
                            Provisions expressly mentioned in the judgment/order text.

                                Foreign investment caps and entry routes clarified; automatic admission or prior government approval required with sectoral conditions.

                                The policy sets a sectoral matrix assigning permitted foreign equity shares, entry routes (automatic or prior government approval) and accompanying conditions. It lists prohibited sectors, allows full foreign ownership in unlisted sectors subject to sectoral rules, and imposes recurring conditions such as licensing, compliance with sector statutes, mandatory minority divestment to Indian partners/public for specified activities, limits on foreign participation in certain services, and minimum capitalization or project-size requirements for designated sectors.





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