<h1>Public debt sustainability must be restored to rebuild fiscal buffers and enable reforms that support durable growth.</h1> Most countries must restore public debt sustainability and rebuild fiscal buffers by mobilising domestic revenues and improving public spending efficiency. Supply side reforms to raise productivity are essential, while stepped up concessional external support and more predictable debt restructuring processes, building on the Common Framework, are needed for countries facing high interest and refinancing pressures. The IMF's role includes policy advice, capacity development, lending where relevant, and debt sustainability analysis to support macroeconomic stability.